The idea of light pollution has developed with the increase of lights in cities.
题型：不详难度：来源：
The idea of light pollution has developed with the increase of lights in cities. In many areas, this light makes it difficult or impossible to observe stars and planets in the night sky.
There are a number of reasons why light pollution is important. One has become clear at the Mount Wilson Observatory near Los Angeles, California. Today, light from Los Angeles makes the night sky above Mount Wilson very bright. It is no longer an important reasearch center because of light pollution.
Light pollution threatens to reduce the scientific value of research telescoples in other important observatories. They include Lick Observatory near San Jose, California and Yerkes Observatory near Chicago, Illionis.
Light pollution is the result of wasted energy. Bright light that shines into the sky is not being used to provide light where it is needed on Earth. Poorly designed lighting causes a great deal of light pollution. Lights that are brighter than necessary also cause light pollution.
Most people in America are surprised to find out that they are able to see our own galaxy(星系)，the Milky Way, with their own eyes. But about threefourths of Americans cannot see the Miky Way because of manmade light.
Objects in the night sky are resources that provide everyone with wonder. But light pollution threatens to prevent those wonderful sights from being seen.
小题1:Light pollution usually occurs________.| A．in cities | B．in the country | | C．in wild areas | D．in developing countries |
小题2:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?| A．Mount Wilson Observatory is the most important one in America. | | B．Light pollution affects observatories only. | | C．In the dark night people can observe the sky clearly. | | D．Astronomers can observe the stars clearly by the lights of the cities. |
小题3:The victims affected by the light pollution are________.| A．children | B．grownups | C．students | D．observatories |
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答案
小题1:A
小题2:C
小题3:D |
解析
试题分析：本文主要介绍了光线污染的话题，光线污染主要是因为大城市里光线过度使用。
小题1:A 细节题。根据文章第一段第一句The idea of light pollution has developed with the increase of lights in cities.说明在大城市里灯光的增加是光线污染的主要原因。故A正确。
小题2:C 推理题。根据第饿一段第二行In many areas, this light makes it difficult or impossible to observe stars and planets in the night sky.说明在漆黑的夜晚我们可以观察天空。但是在明亮的城市里，我们无法看清天空，故C正确。
小题3:D 细节题。根据第二段One has become clear at the Mount Wilson Observatory near Los Angeles, California. Today, light from Los Angeles makes the night sky above Mount Wilson very bright. It is no longer an important reasearch center because of light pollution.说明observatories是光线污染的受害者，故D项正确。
点评：本文属于科普类短文，细节题居多，答题时在文章找到对应的地方，用笔进行标记，这有利于后期有时间检查时可以立刻找到答案的位置。仔细理解作者所讲的意思，再结合选项，通过排除法和自己对全文的把握，选出正确答案。 |
举一反三
Without plant, people could not live. We eat plants. We breathe the oxygen（氧气）that plants produce. And we need plants for another reason: we need them for their beauty.
Imagine a world with no plants. Imagine no flowers with their sweet smells, their beautiful colors and their lovely shapes. Imagine when the wind blows, not being able to hear the leaves in the trees or watch the branches sway（摇摆）from side to side.
Everywhere people need the beauty of plants. That is why we have parks full of trees and flowers. That is why people always try to design houses with room for some grass and a garden.
Do you talk to your plants? Do you give them love and attention?
Peter Tompkins and Christopher Bird, writers of a book called THE SECRET LIFE OF PLANTS, tell of an experiment in which two seeds were planted in different places. While the plants were growing, one plant was given love and hopeful ideas. The other plant was given only hopeless ideas. After six months, the loved plant was bigger. Under the earth it had more and longer roots; above the earth, it had a thicker stem (茎) and more leaves.
小题1:According to the passage, which of the following is right?| A．If there are no flowers, there will be no sweet smells. | | B．Without plants, we can’t hear the wind. | | C．We plant trees to watch the branches sway from side to side. | | D．We need plants not only for food and oxygen but also for their beauty. |
小题2:In the experiment, the plants were________.| A．of different kinds | B．talked to in two different ways | | C．both given love and attention | D．grown in the same place |
小题3:At the end of six months,________.| A．one plant had longer roots than the other and had a thicker stem | | B．one plant had longer roots while the other had a thicker stem | | C．the plants were of the same size | | D．one plant had a thicker stem while the other plant had more leaves |
小题4:The experiment has proved（证明） that________-.| A．we should talk to plants and give them love | | B．without plants people could not live | | C．we should grow as many plants as possible | | D．plants need plenty of water, sunshine and attention |
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根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer.
___1___ Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell. But other people keep their anger inside. They can not or will not express it. This is called repressing anger.
For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person’s health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hormones (荷尔蒙). They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etc. ___2___
Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure.
___3___ They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say, “___4___ Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.”
Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. ___5___| A．In general the person feels excited and ready to act. | | B．They said that laughter is much healthier than anger. | | C．Expressing anger violently is more harmful than repressing it. | | D．Do not express your anger while angry. |
E. Anger may cause you a cancer.
F. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time.
G. Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. |
Sometimes educators need to be reminded that their job is important and they are very much appreciated. Here are some movies that inspire us and make educators feel proud to be in the field of education where they really do have an impact.
The Miracle Worker
The ultimate teaching miracle, Anne Bancroft is awesome as Annie Sullivan who uses ‘tough love" to get through to the deaf and blind Helen Keller played by Patty Duke. Very few people can watch the famous ‘water" scene without experiencing a feeling of victory and relief. Excellent portrayal of the importance of perseverance. Both Bancroft and Duke won an Academy Award for their performances.
The Karate Kid
While not normally thought of as a ‘classroom" movie, The Karate Kid has much to say to teachers: Sometimes we have to have our students do things that they will not understand until much later; Basic skills are most important; Honor and integrity are central to character; Students need to see us beam with excitement over their achievements. A fun, nostalgic and inspiring movie to relish.
To Sir With Love
Produced in 1967, this film with Sidney Poitier as a novice teacher has a lot to teach us today. Poitier takes a teaching position in the rough part of London in order to pay his bills. Realizing that his students need to be taught important life lessons more than the curriculum he has been handed to teach them, he throws out the lesson plans and makes a real impact on their personal lives.
Mr. Holland"s Opus
This memorable movie gives all teachers hope that they truly have an impact on their students. Richard Dreyfuss is wonderful as a musician/composer who must take a teaching job to support his family. In the end, Dreyfuss" character realizes that he has had as much if not more of an impact from his teaching ashe would have as a composer.
小题1:The four films above are specially intended for_______.| A．students | B．teachers | C．parents | D．managers |
小题2:Which film tells us that students not only need to learn knowledge in the books but also knowledge in life?| A．Mr. Holland"s Opus | B．The Karate Kid | | C．To Sir With Love | D．The Miracle Worker |
小题3:Which of the following statements is True according to the passage?| A．The actress who plays won a prize. | | B．Richard Dreyfuss finally became a composer that he dreamt to be. | | C．Helen Keller is the teacher of Annie Sullivan. | | D．In the film “The Karate Kid” the teachers later have students do what they understand. |
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Eating a diet high in processed（经过加工的） food increases the risk of depression（抑郁）, research suggests. What"s more, people who ate plenty of vegetables, fruit and fish actually had a lower risk of depression, the University College London team found.
Data on diet among 3,500 middle-aged civil servants were compared with their emotional state five years later, a British journal reported. They split the participants（参与者） into two types of diet--those who ate a diet largely based on whole food，which includes lots of fruit, vegetables and fish，and those who ate a mainly processed food diet, such as sweetened desserts, fried food, processed meat，refined（精制的） grains and high fat dairy products After accounting for factors such as gender, age, education, physical activity, smoking habits and chronic(慢性的) diseases, they found a significant difference in the future depression risk with the different diets.
Those who ate the most wholefood（全天然食物） had a 26% lower risk of future depression than those who ate the least wholefood. By contrast, people with a diet high in processed food had a 58％ higher risk of depression than those who ate a diet low in processed foods.
Study author Dr. Archana Singh Manoux pointed out there was a chance that the finding could be explained by lifestyle factor they had not accounted for.（解释原因） He also pointed in a paper that a Mediterranean(地中海) diet was associated（有关） with a lower risk of depression, but the problem with that is if you live in Britain, the likelihood （可能）of you eating a Mediterranean diet is not very high.
Dr．Andrew McCulloeh, chief executive of the Mental Health Foundation, said, this study adds to an existing body of solid research that shows the strong links between what we eat and our mental health.
He added people"s diets were becoming increasingly unhealthy. The UK population is consuming （消费）less nutritious, fresh produce and more saturated（饱和） fats and sugars.
小题1:The text is mainly about______.| A．the increasingly unhealthy diet of the UK population | | B．the link between processed food and depression | | C．the relationship between physical and mental health | | D．the emotional state of the British People |
小题2:What can we learn from what Dr. Archana Singh Manoux said?| A．It is difficult for most British people to have a Mediterranean diet. | | B．The Mediterranean diet is the most healthy in the world. | | C．Many studies have been done on the Mediterranean diet before. | | D．The Mediterranean diet is not good for depression. |
小题3:Dr. Andrew McCulloch agrees that______.| A．our diets are closely related to our mental health | | B．the present study needs more facts and other information | | C．the UK population will become ill in the near future | | D．more saturated fats and sugars should be taken in |
小题4:Why might the author have written this text?| A．To tell people what a healthy diet actually is. | | B．To prove people’s diets are increasingly unhealthy. | | C．To encourage people to cut down on processed food. | | D．To introduce some experts on the research team. |
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Because of the change in the American public school system over the last several years, now many parents choose to home-school their children. There are many reasons behind this. Let’s take a look at a few of them.
For some parents, they have religious (宗教的) reasons for home-schooling. The public school system does not have religious teachings, so these parents want to put religion into the children’s daily school activities. This might include teaching religion-based courses rather than coursework that is taught in public schools.
For some parents, they do not feel that their local school system offers their children the best learning opportunities. So they want to take matters into their own hands. This may be because the local school has low educational standards (标准) or for some other reason the parents think it necessary to take their children out of the system. Sometimes the parents just feel the children will get a better education at home.
Some parents may not be rich enough to send their children to a private school, so the next best thing in their eyes is home-schooling. Thus they can teach their children what they like.
One should remember that the laws about home-schooling vary from state to state. In some states, the parents are required to hand in monthly attendance records (出席记录) to their local school system. What’s more, most states require state testing at certain periods such as the CRCT.
小题1:The writer wrote this passage mainly to _______. | A．advise parents to home-school their children | | B．explain why some parents choose to home-school their children | | C．tell us the advantages and disadvantages of home-schooling | | D．praise home-schooling and private schools |
小题2:Paragraph 3 tells us that some parents choose home-schooling because ______.| A．school teachers are not strict with their children | | B．their children don’t do well in their studies at school | | C．their children don’t like going to school | | D．they are not satisfied with the school education |
小题3:What does the underlined word “vary” in the last paragraph mean?| A．Increase | B．Change | C．Spread | D．Keep |
小题4:How many reasons for home-schooling are mentioned in the passage? |
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