Scientists say they now have proof to support the old-fashioned advice that it’s
题型：不详难度：来源：
The lead researcher Bob Stickgold at the Harvard Medical School said, “Sleep helps us draw rules from our experiences．It’s like
knowing the difference between dogs and cats even if it’s hard to explain．”The US research team studied how w
ell students remembered connections between words and symbols, reports New Scientist．They compared how the students performed if they had had a sleep between seeing the words and having the test, and if they had not slept．They found that people were better able to remember lists of related words after a night’s sleep than after the same time spent awake during the day．They also found it easier to remember themes that the words had in common．But they forgot around one in four more themes if they had been awake．Prof．John Groeger, of Survey University’s Sleep Research Centre, said, “People have been trying for years to find out what the purpose of sleep is, as we know that only certain parts of it have a restorative （促使康复的）value．”
“We form and store huge numbers of experiences in the head every day, and sleep seems to be the way the brain deals with them all．”
小题1:The phrase “to sleep on a problem” in Paragraph 1 most likely means “________”．
| A．to pay full attention to a problem |
| B．to wait until the next day for a decision |
| C．to sleep to forget a problem |
| D．to have difficulty in sleeping |
| A．put together words of similar meanings |
| B．remember words and their meanings |
| C．show their knowledge of words |
| D．make up lists of related words |
| A．Themes learned right before the test． |
| B．Rules from personal experiences． |
| C．Words learned before a good sleep． |
| D．Ideas stored together in the brain． |
| A．It shows that sleep may help us manage information． |
| B．It helps find out the common themes of words． |
| C．It tells us that more sleep can improve health． |
| D．It proves the value of old-fashioned advice． |
答案
小题1:B
小题1:B
小题1:C
小题1:A
解析
举一反三
ellites are helping to forecast（预报）the weather. They are in space, and they can reach any part of the world. The satellites take pictures of the atmosphere（大气）, because this is where the weather forms（形成）. They send these pictures to the weather stations. So meteorologists（气象学家）can see the weather of any part of the world. From the pictures, the scientists can often say how the weather will change.Today, nearly five hundred weather stations in sixty countries receive satellite pictures. When they receive new pictures, the meteorologists compare（比较）them with earlier ones. Perhaps they may find that the clouds have changed during the last few hours. This may mean that the weather on the ground may soon change, too. In their next weather forecast, the meteorologists can say this.
So the weather satellites are a great help to the meteorologists. Before satellites were invented, the scientists could forecast the weather for about 24 or 48 hours. Now they can make good forecasts for three or five days. Soon, perhaps, they may be able to forecast the weather for a week or more ahead（提前）.
小题1:Satellites travel _____________.
| A．in space | B．in the atmosphere |
| C．above the ground | D．above space |
| A．the weather satellites can do it easily |
| B．clouds form there |
| C．the weather forms there |
| D．the pictures can forecast the weather |
| A．when they have received satellite pictures |
| B．after they have compared new satellite pictures with earlier ones |
| C．before they received satellite pictures |
| D．during they study satellite pictures |
| A．taking pictures of the atmosphere |
| B．receiving pictures of the atmosphere |
| C．doing other work in many ways |
| D．weather forecasting |
A cartoon man dressed in old time pilot clothing greets visitors to Admongo. "Call me Haiz", he says upon arrival in a rocket ship that opens up with a crazy world inside it. Spacey dance music plays in the background as Haiz tells visitors that they need to learn about advertising.
Its inventors say eight to twelve years old is the age kids develop their critical thinking abilities. Kids that age are also a big market for advertisers.
The idea behind Admongo is to teach children three things: To identify the advertiser. To know what the advertiser is really saying. And to know what the advertisement is trying to get the child to do.
Children learn these things through a video game. They create their own game character. They can choose different skin colors, hair styles, eye and mouth shapes. Then they begin a trip through ad-land, where there are ads on buses and billboards. The players have to find all the marketing in the neighborhood before they can move on to the next level.
The Admongo game takes players inside a home, to the advertising studio and everywhere else ads can be found. It is a complete exploration of the world of marketing.
One such area is food marketing. The Federal Trade Commission(FTC) says it is a big business. The FTC estimates that food, drink and fast-food restaurants spent more than one and a half billion dollars on advertising to young people in 2009.
The FTC says children are important for three reasons. They buy products. They influence parents and caregivers to buy. And they are the future adult buyers of the products.
A recent study says most advertising aimed at children is for foods of the lowest nutritional value. First Lady Michelle Obama has said she would like to see advertisers marketing healthy foods for children.
小题1:What is the best title of the text?
| A．The guide of Admongo |
| B．An education website for children |
| C．A popular online video game |
| D．A website aimed at children |
| A．To attract the biggest market of buyers. |
| B．To sell the products of its company. |
| C．To help children know about advertising. |
| D．To advertise the video game for children. |
| A．Choose hair styles for their character. |
| B．Travel to a supermarket. |
| C．Eat in a fast-food restaurant. |
| D．Play video games during the trip. |
| A．important for the society |
| B．the most potential buyers |
| C．easily influenced by ads |
| D．easily affected by poor products |
| A．healthy | B．of high nutrition |
| C．yummy | D．of low quality |
Just listen
I think the most basic and powerful way to connect to another person is to listen. Just listen. Perhaps the most important thing we ever give each other is our 16 ，and especially if it’s given from the 17 ．When people are talking，there’s no need to do anything but 18 them．Just take them 19 ．Listen to what they’re saying．Care about it．Most times caring about it is even more important than 20 it．
One of my patients told me that when she 21 to tell her story，people often 22 to tell her that they had once had something just like what happened to her．Her pain became a story about themselves． 23 she stopped talking to most people．It was just too 24 ．We connect through listening．When we interrupt what someone is saying to let them know that we understand，we move the 25 of attention to ourselves．But when we listen，they know we care．
I have ever learned to 26 to someone crying by just listening．in the old days I used to reach for the tissues （纸巾） 27 I realized that passing a person a tissue may be just another way to shut them 28 ，to take them out of their 29 of sadness and pain. Now I just listen．When they have cried all they need to cry, they find me there 30 them．
This 31 thing has not been that easy to learn．It certainly went against everything I had been 32 since I was very young at school．I thought people listened only because they were too 33 to speak or did not know the answer．A loving silence often has far more 34 to connect than the most well-intentioned 35 ．
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I watched such a moment not long ago at a woman’s funeral which happened in a church. A teenage grandson stepped forward. Softly he began:“ I want to share a few values that Nana taught me. She never failed to see light in any situation. When our family dog would attack her, what would Nana say? ‘Oh, what beautiful markings that dog has.’ That was Nana.
“She was a strong woman who often lived in the shadow of my grandpa, who was a successful businessman in this city. But she was the one behind the scenes who provided the strength and support for Grandpa’s career,” he said, with a voice now trembling. “That was Nana’s way.”
Finally, in a voice breaking free of sorrow, he looked up and said, “Nana taught me courage. She put up a fight to the end, when she died peacefully, which is how she lived her life. That was Nana’s way, and I hope I can carry on in the same manner.”
There are no hearts as sensitive as those of teenagers, because everything is happening to them for the first time. The trouble with teenagers is that they haven’t learned to be controlled. When that boy rose to speak about the woman who had been his dearest friend, his honest voice dragged each of us out into the open where we could no longer hide. I was moved and learned a lot.
小题1:According to the first paragraph, ______.
| A．young people are living a hard life |
| B．people don’t think highly of the teenagers |
| C．people shouldn’t forget the young people |
| D．young people should keep quiet before the public |
| A．was a weak woman living in the shadow of his grandpa |
| B．liked dogs very much even if they often attacked her |
| C．could see everything around her though she was old |
| D．had great influence over the boy when she was alive |
| A．was filled with sadness and gave up finishing his talk |
| B．was always very good at expressing himself |
| C．practiced a lot in order to give a moving speech |
| D．had great difficulty in accepting the loss of Nana |
| A．the young people were too weak to face certain facts |
| B．the young people have learned to control themselves |
| C．the adults could learn something valuable from the young |
| D．the adults should teach the young how to deal with the death |
Jonathan Harrington, a professor at Germany’s University of Munich, wanted to discover whether accent changes recorded over the past half century would take place within one person. “As far as I know, there just is nobody else for whom there is this sort of broadcast records,” he said.
He said the noble way of pronouncing vowels (元音) had gradually lost ground as the noble upper-class accent over the past years. “Her accent sounds slightly less noble than it did 50 years ago. But these are very, very small and slow changes that we don’t notice from year to year.”
“We may be able to relate it to changes in the social classes,” he told The Daily Telegraph, a British newspaper. “In 1952 she would have been heard saying ‘thet men in the bleck het’. Now it would be ‘that man in the black hat’. Similarly, she would have spoken of ‘the citay’ and ‘dutay’, rather than ‘citee’ and ‘dutee’, and ‘hame’ rather than ‘home’. In the 1950s she would have been ‘lorst’, but by the 1970s ‘lost’.”
The Queen’s broadcast is a personal message to the Commonwealth countries. Each Christmas, the 10-minute broadcast is put on TV at 3 pm in Britain as many families are recovering from their traditional turkey lunch (传统火鸡午餐).
The results were published (发表) in the Journal of Phonetics.
小题1:What is the text mainly about?
| A．The relationship between accents and social classes. |
| B．The Queen’s Christmas speeches on TV. |
| C．The changes in a person’s accent. |
| D．The recent development of the English language. |
| A．she has been Queen for many years |
| B．she has a less upper-class accent now |
| C．her speeches are familiar to many people |
| D．her speeches have been recorded for 50 years |
| A．“dutay” | B．“citee” | C．“hame” | D．“lorst” |
| A．speech sounds | B．Christmas customs |
| C．TV broadcasting | D．personal messages |
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