EEveryone has heard of the San Andreas fault (断层), which constantly threatens Ca
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E
Everyone has heard of the San Andreas fault (断层), which constantly threatens California and the West Coast with earthquakes. But how many people know about the equally serious New Madrid fault in Missouri?
Between December of 1811 and February of 1812, three major earthquakes occurred, all centered around the town of New Madrid, Missouri, on the Mississippi River. Property damage was severe. Buildings in the area were almost destroyed. Whole forests fell at once, and huge cracks opened in the ground, allowing smell of sulfur （硫磺）to filter upward.
The Mississippi River itself completely changed character, developing sudden rapids and whirlpools. Several times it changed its course, and once, according to some observers, it actually appeared to run backwards. Few people were killed in the New Madrid earthquakes, probably simply because few people lived in the area in 1811; but the severity of the earthquakes are shown by the fact that the shock waves rang bells in church towers in Charleston, South Carolina, on the coast. Buildings shook in New York City, and clocks were stopped in Washington, D.C.
Scientists now know that America’s two major faults are essentially different. The San Andreas is a horizontal boundary between two major land masses that are slowly moving in opposite directions. California earthquakes result when the movement of these two masses suddenly lurches (倾斜) forward.
The New Madrid fault, on the other hand, is a vertical fault; a some point, possibly hundreds of millions of years ago, rock was pushed up toward the surface, probably by volcanoes under the surface. Suddenly, the volcanoes cooled and the rock collapsed, leaving huge cracks. Even now, the rock continues to settle downwards, and sudden sinking motions trigger (触发) earthquakes in the region. The fault itself, a large crack in this layer of rock, with dozens of other cracks that split off from it, extends from northeast Arkansas through Missouri and into southern lllinois.
Scientists who have studied the New Madrid fault say there have been numerous smaller quakes in the area since 1811; these smaller quakes indicate that larger ones are probably coming, but the scientists say have no method of predicting when a large earthquake will occur.
72. This passage is mainly about__________.
A. the New Madrid fault in Missouri
B. the San Andreas and the New Madrid faults
C. the causes of faults
D. current scientific knowledge about faults
73. The New Madrid fault is__________.
A. a horizontal fault
B. a vertical fault
C. a more serious fault than the San Andreas fault
D. responsible for forming the Mississippi River
74. We may conclude from the passage that__________.
A. it is probably as dangerous to live in Missouri as in California
B. the New Madrid fault will eventually develop a mountain range in Missouri
C. California will become an island in future
D. A big earthquake will occur to California soon
75. This passage implies that__________.
A. horizontal faults are more dangerous than vertical faults.
B. Vertical faults are more dangerous than horizontal faults
C. Earthquakes occur only around fault areas
D. California will break into pieces by an eventual earthquake |
答案
72—75BBAA |
解析
| 略 |
举一反三
Have you ever listened to young children talking in the playground? There are always boasting. They say things like, “My Dad’s car is bigger than your Dad’s” and “My mom is smarter than yours.” They __1__ like to boast about their families.
There were three little boys, Harry, Td and Gavin, who were always __2__. Gavin was the worst. Everything about his family was always __3__ or the biggest or the most expensive. __4__ other others said, he could always go one better.
One day when they were walking to __5__ Harry said, “My father has a bath twice a week.” Ted spoke next. “That’s __6__,” he said. “Having a bath twice a week is __7__. My father has a bath every day, sometimes twice a day.”
Ted looked at Gavin. Now it was his __8__. But what could he say? “This time I’m going to win.” Ted thought.
Gavin didn’t know what to say. He couldn’t say that his father had a bath three times a day. That was __9__. He walked on his silence. Ted smiled at Harry, and Harry smiled back. They were sure that for once they had __10__ Gavin. They reached the school gates. Still Gavin said nothing.
“We’ve won,” Ted said to Harry, but he spoke too soon. Gavin said, “My Dad’s do clean that he doesn’t have to bathe at all.”
| 小题1: | | A．particularly | B．probably | C．seldom | D．never |
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| 小题2: | | A．fighting | B．boasting | C．arguing | D．playing |
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| 小题3: | | A．fascinating | B．interesting | C．graceful | D．the best |
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| 小题4: | | A．However | B．What | C．Whatever | D．Like |
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| 小题5: | | A．the playground | B．their homes | C．bathroom | D．school |
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| 小题6: | | A．nice | B．funny | C．easy | D．nothing |
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| 小题7: | | A．dirty | B．comfortable | C．enough | D．adequate |
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| 小题8: | | A．turn | B．father | C．family | D．speech |
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| 小题9: | | A．sufficient | B．unique | C．silly | D．the case |
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| 小题10: | | A．stricken | B．beaten | C．hit | D．won |
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There are many similarities between the teacher’s work and the actor’s. However, the fact that a good teacher has some of the gifts of a good actor __1__ mean that he will indeed be able to act well on the stage; for there are very important differences __2__ the teacher’s work and the actor’s work. The actor has to speak words which he has learned __3__; he has to repeat exactly the same work each time he plays a certain part; __4__his movements and the way he uses his voice are usually fixed __5__. What he has to do is to make all these carefully learned words and actions seem natural on the stage.
The good teacher works in __6__ different way. His audience takes an active part in his play, they ask and answer question, they __7__ orders, and if they don’t understand something, they say so. The teacher therefore has to suit his act __8__ the need of his audience which is his class.
I have known many teachers who were fine actors in __9__ but were unable to play a part in a stage-play because their brains would not keep discipline; they could not keep strictly to __10__.
| 小题1: | | A．not | | B．don’t | | C．doesn’t | | D．do |
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| | 小题2: | | A．among | | B．with | | C．from | | D．between |
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| | 小题3: | | A．by mind | | B．by the mind | | C．by heart | | D．by the heart |
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| | 小题4: | | A．but | | B．if | | C．although | | D．even |
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| | 小题5: | | A．ago | | B．before | | C．later | | D．long |
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| | 小题6: | | A．very the | | B．very a | | C．quite a | | D．quite the |
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| | 小题7: | | A．listen | | B．hear | | C．keep | | D．obey |
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| | | 小题9: | | A．class | | B．stage | | C．life | | D．action |
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| | 小题10: | | A．what another has written | | B．what another had written | | C．that another has written | | D．which another had written |
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There are many kinds of entertainment for children today－books, movies, games and sports are only a few of possibilities. Television is one of the most influential kinds of __1__. Studies show that elementary school children in the United States watch television about twenty-five hours a week.
Some people feel that television has had __2__ influence on children because it offers educational programs for them. One of the best and most __3__ programs is Sesame Street (芝麻街). One study __4__ that Sesame Street helps children do better in school. Many people hope that programs like this will provide a better education for children prom poor communities and schools.
Other people feel that television is bad for children. They feel that there are too many programs about __5__ and violence, and that even educational programs don’t help a child’s education. Children __6__ watch too much television, and therefore they don’t do a lot of other things that are important to them. Preschool children need to __7__ their language and communicate with people. When they are watching television they are only listening to the __8__, they aren’t communicating with anyone. When elementary school children watch television, they read a lot less. __9__ this, they don’t learn to read and write as quickly at school.
All children learn by doing, and they need time to __10__ in order to learn about the world. When they watch television, they play less. They also have less time to develop relationship with their parents and friends, and they have less time to exercise and develop their bodies.
| 小题1: | | A．electronic | B．products | C．entertainment | D．teaching aid |
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| 小题2: | | A．no | B．little | C．a good | D．a bad |
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| 小题3: | | A．popular | B．obvious | C．colourful | D．demanding |
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| 小题4: | | A．assumes | B．suggests | C．declines | D．claims |
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| 小题5: | | A．theft | B．crime | C．joke | D．comedy |
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| 小题6: | | A．simply | B．inevitably | C．secretly | D．independently |
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| 小题7: | | A．write | B．listen to | C．speak | D．read |
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| 小题8: | | A．story | B．people | C．language | D．radio |
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| 小题9: | | A．Except for | B．In spite of | C．As for | D．Because of |
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| 小题10: | | A．play | B．work | C．watch | D．speak |
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C
Zanzibar，Tanzania--Hundreds of dead dolphins were washed up on Friday along the shore of a popular tourist place on Tanzania’s northern coast．Scientists have ruled out poisoning．
It was not immediately clear what killed the 400 dolphins，whose dead bodies lied along a 4-kilometer coast of Nungwi，said Narriman Jidawi，a marine biologist at the Institute of Marine Science in Zanzibar．But the bottleneck dolphins，which live in deep offshore waters，had empty stomachs，meaning they could have got lost and had been swimming for some time to reorient themselves．They did not die of hunger and were not poisoned，Jidawi said．
In the US，experts were looking into the possibility that sonar(声呐)from the US submarine could have caused a similar incident in Marothon，Florida，where 68 deep-water dolphins stranded(搁浅)themselves in March 2005．
The deaths are a blow to the tourism industry in Zanzibar，where thousands of visitors go to watch and swim with dolphins．Villagers，fishermen and hotel residents found the dead bodies and told officials．Mussa Aboud，Zanzibar’s director of fisheries，went on state radio to warn the public against eating the dolphins’meat，saying the cause of death had not been found．
The Indo-Pacific bottlenose，commonly known as dolphins，are the most common species in Zanzibar’s coastal waters，with bottlenose and humpback dolphins often found in mixed-species groups．
63．According to the passage，the bottleneck dolphins ．
A．are often attacked by submarine in deep water
B．find it hard to find enough food near the coast
C．often fall ill along the shore of a tourist place
D．1ike living in the deep waters near the coast
64．The underlined word“reorient”means ．
A．lose their way B．find their way
C．look for food D．fight against enemies
65．What can we infer from the passage?
A．The dolphins died because of the sonar from US submarines．
B．The dead dolphins can not be eaten as they are poisonous．
C．The US experts are researching sonar at present．
D．The ability of locating is extremely important for dolphins．
66．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．400 dolphins died along the coast of Nungwi．
B．Dolphins are facing increased risk of death．
C．It’s necessary for us to protect dolphins．
D．Nungwi is famous for many dolphins there． |
Gorillas are born with an international sign language of gestures that they use to communicate，says a new study from the University of St Andrews in Scotland.
From beating their chests to putting objects on their heads，shaking their arms，and even bouncing on all fours，the animals use more than 100 gestures to communicate with each other
Professor Richard Byrne，a psychiatrist involved in the research，says it was hard to figure out the meanings of the gestures.
“We don"t really know what the animals are thinking. Often the gestures have more than one meaning，depending on the context，”says Byrne.
The study showed that the gorillas did not learn the gestures from each other，as had been expected，but performed them instinctively (本能地).
“Everyone had assumed different groups of gorillas would learn different gestures，”he says. “But that"s not what we found. The more sites we went to ,the more we saw the same gestures being used. They seem to be naturally equipped with a pretty complex system of communication.”
The study also found that gestures were performed with close attention to the potential audience，so that silent signals，for example， were only given when other apes could see them. Other gestures，such as the "disco arm shake" were only ever seen directed towards humans.
Byrne believes that the findings may explain how the human language developed.
“There has always been speculation（猜测）that the origins of the human language might lie in gestures，”he says.
“Many researchers have therefore studied the gestural communication of the great apes for clues to the evolutionary origins of human gestures，”he adds.
Several studies have shown that great apes are capable of imitating gestures. However，the scientists found that what appeared to be copies of human actions were actually gestures the apes were already able to make themselves. They"re “reusing” gestures from their own repertoire，not learning new ones.
64.According to the passage，Richard Byrne"s research has found .
A. different groups of gorillas would learn different gestures
B. gorillas know the sign language from birth
C. how gorillas learn from each other
D. gorillas develop a variety of languages when growing up
65.Why can"t the researchers really know the meanings of gorilla gestures?
A. Because gorillas possess the ability of making many kinds of gestures.
B. Because they haven"t made deep research into the animal.
C. Because a gorilla gesture may have different meanings.
D. Because gorillas can"t exactly express their thoughts.
66.If a gorilla wants to make a silent gesture towards another gorilla，he .
A. needs to know how many other gorillas are watching him
B. needs to make noise first in order to draw attention
C. will first make sure his gesture can be seen
D. will first consider whether he can carry out his gesture
67.According to the passage，many scientists study the sign language of great apes in order to .
A. find the origins of the human language
B. find ways for people to communicate with apes
C. learn how animals communicate
D. discover the meanings of animal gestures |
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