简答题(共3小题；每小题2分，满分6分)阅读下面短文，根据第73至第75小题的具体要求，简要回答问题。The north magnetic pole(磁极)is

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简答题(共3小题；每小题2分，满分6分)
阅读下面短文，根据第73至第75小题的具体要求，简要回答问题。
The north magnetic pole(磁极)is no longer a resident of Canada.It has drifted across the Canadian Arctic and is now angling toward Siberia.
Not to be confused with the geographic North Pole—the northern extremity of the Earth’s axis(地轴),the north magnetic pole(where the Earth’s magnetic field is directed downward)is moving due to natural changes in the Earth’s magnetic field,a process that originates about 3000 kilometers below our feet,in the outer core(核心)of the planet.But scientists are now noticing that the magnetic pole has picked up its pace.

Over the past century,the pole has been migrating at an average speed of about 10 kilometers per year,says Larry Newitt,head of Geomagnetic Laboratory at Natural Resources Canada in Ottawa.Since the 1970s,this speed has increased to about 50 kilometers per year.
Scientists are wondering why the speed is increasing,says Newitt.One hypothesis(假说)relates it to “magnetic jerks”,sudden shifts(变化)in the rate of change of the magnetic field.There have been three jerks in the past four decades,each one correlating to an increases in speed.
If the north magnetic pole continues at its current rate,it could reach Siberia by 2056.
“For most of recorded history,the pole has been a part of Canada,and now it’s not,”says Newitt.“It may be a blow to our collective psyche,but other than that,it doesn’t have a major effect on most people’s existence.”
73.Find in the passage a word closest in meaning to the underlined word “angling”.
____________________________________________________________
74.What could happen to the north magnetic pole by the middle of the 21st century?(回答词数不超过8个)
____________________________________________________________
75.What is the main idea of the passage?(回答词数不超过8个)
____________________________________________________________

答案

73.Moving/Migrating
74.It could reach Siberia
75.The north magnetic pole is moving faster.

解析

73. 按照上下文意思“移动，迁移”。
74. 按照此段意思，应该总结为“能够达到西伯利亚”。
75. 抓住关键词：magnetic ，moving。

举一反三

As a professor at a large American university,there is a phrase that I hear often from students:“I’m only a 1050.”The unlucky students are speaking of the score on the Scholastic Aptitude Test(SAT),which is used to determine whether they will be admitted to the college or university of their choice,or even if they have a chance to get a higher education at all.The SAT score,whether it is 800,1100 or 1550,has become the focus at this time of their life.
It is obvious that if students value highly their test scores,then a great amount of their self-respect is put in the number.Students who perform poorly on the exam are left feeling that it is all over.The low test score,they think,will make it impossible for them to get into a good college.And without a degree from a prestigious university,they fear that many of life’s doors will remain forever closed.
According to a study done in the 1990s,the SAT is only a reliable indicator of a student’s future performance in most cases.Interestingly,it becomes much more accurate when it is set together with other indicators-like a student’s high school grades.Even if standardized tests like the SAT could show a student’s academic proficiency(学业水平)，they will never be able to test things like confidence,efforts and willpower,and are unable to give us the full picture of a student’s potentialities(潜力).This is not to suggest that we should stop using SAT scores in our college admission process.The SAT is an excellent test in many ways,and the score is still a useful means of testing students.However,it should be only one of many methods used.
小题1:The purpose of the SAT is to test students’______.

A．strong will

B．academic ability

C．full potentialities

D．confidence in school work

小题2:Students’ self-respect is influenced by their______.

A．scores in the SAT

B．achievements in mathematics

C．job opportunities

D．money spent on education

小题3:“A prestigious university” is most probably______.

A．a famous university

B．a technical university

C．a traditional university

D．an expensive university

小题4:This passage is mainly about______.

A．how to prepare for the SAT

B．stress caused by the SAT

C．American higher education

D．the SAT and its effects

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These days we hear a lot about how air pollution is changing temperatures on the earth. New evidence from a mountaintop in China now suggests that pollution can also change the amount of rain and snow that falls in some places.
Usually, more rain falls in mountainous places than in flat areas upwind from the mountains. That’s because air can hold a lot of water. When wind blows wet air up a mountainside, the air gets colder. This temperature change often forces water to fall as rain or snow.
In recent years, however, many mountainous areas in the western United States have been getting less rain than normal. Mountains that are downwind from cities have experienced the biggest drops.
Some scientists have theorized（推理）that pollution drifts （趋势）from the cities into the mountains, affecting rainfall, but proving this link has been difficult.
Searching for answers, a team led by a scientist from the Hebrew University went to s mountain in China called Mount Hua, which is 2,060 meters tall and lies about 120 kilometers east of the Chinese city Xi’an. Since 1954, scientists have been collecting details about rainfall, humidity（湿度）, and visibility（能见度）in the area.
Using this data, the scientists compared rainfall on Mount Hua to rainfall in the nearest city, Huayin, on days with different levels of visibility. When the air was clear and people could see as far as 20 km, the scientists found that 65% more rain fell on the mountain than in the city.
But when the air was smoggy, allowing only 8 km of visibility through the mist, the mountain received just 20% more rain than the city. The new data supports the theory that pollution affects rainfall.
Some scientists believe that there are other explanations for the numbers. It’s possible, for example, that natural particles（微粒）in the air, rather than particles produced by pollution, are affecting visibility.
小题1:According to the 1^st paragraph, air pollution is changing the following EXCEPT ______.

A．the temperature	B．the amount of rain
C．the habit of eating	D．the amount of snow

小题2:According to the passage, what will probably happen when the wet air in the sky gets colder?

A．It will probably rain or snow	B．It will probably be cloudy.
C．It will probably wind	D．It will probably become dry.

小题3:Why did the team led by a scientist go to Mount Hua?

A．They wanted to pay a visit to Mount Hua.

B．They wanted to collect the data for their theory.

C．They wanted to measure Mount Hua.

D．They wanted to have a good rest on Mount Hua.

小题4:You can most probably read the passage in _______.

A．a travel guide

B．a telephone book

C．a cartoon book

D．a science book

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When next year’s crop of high-school graduates arrive at Oxford University in the fall of 2009, they’ll be joined by a new face: Andrew Hamilton, the 55-year-old provost(教务长) of Yale, who’ll become Oxford’s vice-chancellor——a position equal to university president in America.
Hamilton isn’t the only educator crossing the Atlantic. Schools in France, Egypt, Singapore, etc. have also recently made top-level hires from abroad. Higher education has become a big and competitive business nowadays, and like so many businesses, it’s gone global. Yet the talent flow isn’t universal. High-level personnel(人员) tend to head in only one direction: outward from America.
The chief reason is that American schools don’t tend to seriously consider looking abroad. For example, when the board of the University of Colorado searched for a new president, it wanted a leader familiar with the state government, a major source of the university’s budget. “We didn’t do any global consideration,” says Patricia Hayes, the board’s chair. The board finally picked Bruce Benson, a 69-year-old Colorado businessman and political activist(活动家) who is likely to do well in the main task of modern university presidents: fund-raising. Fund-raising is a particularlly American thing, since U.S. schools rely heavily on donations. The fund-raising ability is largely a product of experience and necessity.
Many European universities, meanwhile, are still mostly dependent on government funding. But government support has failed to keep pace with rising student numbers. The decline in government support has made fund-raising an increasingly necessary ability among administrators (管理人员), and has hiring committees hungry for Americans.
In the past few years, well-known schools around the world have joined the trend. In 2003, when Cambridge University appointed Alison Richard, another former Yale provost, as its vice-chancellor, the university publicly stressed that in her previous job she had overseen “a major strengthening of Yale’s financial position.”
Of course, fund-raising isn’t the only skill outsiders offer. The globalization of education means more universities will be seeking heads with international experience of some kind to promote international programs and attract a global student body. Foreigners can offer a fresh perspective(视角) on established practices.
小题1:What is the current trend in higher education discussed in the passage?

A．Institution worldwide are hiring administrators from the US.

B．A lot of activists are being hired as administrators

C．American universities are enrolling more international students.

D．University presidents are paying more attention to funding-raising.

小题2: What is the chief consideration of American universities when hiring top-level administrators?

A．The political correctness.	B．Their ability to raise funds.
C．Their fame in academic circles.	D．Their administrative experience.

小题3: What do we learn about European universities from the passage?

A．The tuitions(学费) they charge h

ave been rising considerably.

B．Their operation is under strict government control.

C．They are strengthening their position by globalization.

D．Most of their money comes from the government.

小题4:In what way do top-level administrators from abroad contribute to university development?

A．They can improve the university’s image.

B．They will bring with them more international personnel.

C．They will view a lot of things from a new angle.

D．They can set up new academic subjects.

小题5:Which of the following would make the best title of the passage?

A．Higher Education Globalization	B．Global Headhunting In Higher Education
C．Global Higher Education Cooperation	D．Universal Higher Education Development

题型：不详难度：| 查看答案

Annealing
Annealing is a way of making metal softer by heating it and then letting it cool very slowly, if metal is heated and then cooled very quickly, for example by dipping(浸) it in water, it will be very hard but also very brittle(脆)—that is, it will break easily. Metal that has been annealed is soft but does not breaks as easily. It is possible to make metal as hard or as soft as is wished, by annealing it. The metal is heated, and allowed to cool slowly for a certain length of time. The longer the heated metal takes to cool slowly, the softer it becomes. Annealing can also be used on other material, such as glass.
1. Annealing can make metal ____
　　A. hard and tough(韧)　B. hard but brittle　　C. soft but tough　　D. soft and brittle
2. Why do people put hot metal in water?
　　A. To make it hard.　　B. To make it soft.　C. To make it cool.　D. To make it brittle
3. In annealing, the required hardness of a metal depends on 　______
　　A. the quantity of water used　B. the temperature of the metal
　　C. the softness of the metal　 D. the timing of the operation
4. As suggested by the text, how can glass be made less brittle?
　　A. It can be heated and then cooled quickly.
　　B. It can be cooled and then heated slowly.
　　C. It can be heated and then cooled slowly.
D. It can be cooled and then heated quickly.

题型：不详难度：| 查看答案

Shishmaref, an Eskimo village on an island off northwestern Alaska, is falling into the ocean. Giant storm waves have so hit the place—once well buffered by sea ice—that villagers voted in 2002 to leave their ancestral home for the mainland. They are being called one of the first refugees（难民）of global warming.

“We tend to describe climate change in terms that are abstract—a one degree rise in temperature, an increase in greenhouse gases—but when waves wash away a village, that’s concrete and very emotional,” says Igor Krupnik, an expert at the National Museum of Natural History. “When they lose a piece of their land, they aren’t just losing a certain number of square miles. They are losing part of their history and their memory. They are losing childhood events and grandparents’ tales.”
Before temperatures began to rise in Shishmaref about 30 years ago, 20 to 30 miles of hard sea ice protected the village from powerful fall storms. But the natives say the ice doesn’t freeze as solidly or as soon as it used to and now stretches only six or seven miles, leaving the community of 600 people more exposed. Storms have swept houses into the ocean.
The villagers’ plan is to move to Tin Creek, a site on the Alaska mainland 12 miles away, and they have received $180 million from the government. Residents hope that in their new community they’ll be able to maintain their close ties, continue hunting animals, and keep fishing, much as their ancestors have done for centuries. “People are asking why the government should be spending so much money on so few people,” said a government official. “But people in Alaska are like everyone else. We want to help keep their culture alive.”
小题1:The underlined word “buffered” probably means “______”.

A．protected

B．destroyed

C．prevented

D．damaged

小题2:From the passage what do we know about the sea ice around the village in the past?

A．It was very thin and easily broken.

B．It was very thick and smooth.

C．It frozen more solidly and sooner.

D．It frozen more slowly and solidly.

小题3:According to the passage, _____ caused the village to be in danger of disappearing.

A．water pollution	B．global warming
C．air pollution	D．human’s actions

小题4:What’s the villagers’ main purpose to rebuild the community?

A．To live more happily	B．To earn money
C．To avoid being washed away	D．To keep their culture alive

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