For many years, enironmental problems have been a major concern to people. Almos
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Green building means “reducing the impact（影响）of the building on the land”, Taryn Holowka of the US Green Building Council in Washington.D.C. said. According to Holowka, buildings account for 65 percent of total US electricity use.
But green buildings can reduce energy and water use. Also, the buildings are often located near public transportation such as buses and subways, so that people can drive their cars less. That could be good for the environment, because cars use lots of gas and give off pollution. Green buildings are often built on developed land, so that the buildings don’t destroy forests.
Marty Dettling is project manager for a building that put these ideas into action. The Solaire has been called the country’s first green high-rise building. According to Dettling, “We’ve reduced our energy use by one-third and our water by 50 percent.”
The Solaire cuts energy in part by using solar power. “On the surface of the building we have solar panels（电池板）which change the sun’s energy into electricity,” Dettling explained.
The Solaire also has lights that automatically turn off when people leave the room. In addition, the building has lots of windows, allowing people to use the sun for light during the day. The Solaire cuts water by reusing it.
Not everyone is eager to move into a green building, however. Some people think that things like solar panels cost more money than more traditional energy source. Anyhow, Holowka said, “It is going to take off.”
小题1: “A green building”most refers to a____________ building according to the passage.
| A．not ripe or modern | B．covering green color |
| C．environmentally friendly | D．fresh or new |
| A．they can reduce energy and water use in many ways |
| B．they are often built on an area of land which has already been used for buildings. |
| C．people can collect energy from sunsight to heat water and produce electricity |
| D．they are equipped with lots of modern but cheaper equipment |
| A．the places will cause a lot of trouble and inconvenience to consruction work |
| B．cars will give off more pollution and more forests will be destroyed |
| C．the environment of the places is not better than that of big cities |
| D．the places are poorly equipped and unfriendly. |
| A．will become successful and popular very quickly |
| B．will be begining to disappear |
| C．will be more modern. |
| D．will replace traditional buildings. |
| A．Dettling designed the first green building in the US. |
| B．Energy shortage calls for buildings of new design |
| C．The Solaire serves as a model of high buildings. |
| D．Green buildings help save environment. |
答案
小题1:C
小题2:D
小题3:B
小题4:A
小题5:D
解析
小题1:词义猜测题。由第一段 “A green building means not only the colour of the paint. Also, it also refers to environmentally friendly houses, factories and offices.”可知green的意思为“保护环境的，对环境有利的”，故答案为C。
小题2:细节归纳题。根据第三、四、五段的有关细节信息，我们可以归纳出A、B、C三项均是绿色建筑的在环境保护方面的优点，由最后一段中 “Some people think that things like solar panels cost more money than more traditional energy source.”可知D项表述有误，故答案为 D。
小题3:细节理解题。由第三段 “…so that people can drive their cars less. That could be good for the environment, because cars use lots of gas and give off pollution. Green buildings are often built on developed land, so that the buildings don’t destroy forests.”可知答案为B。A、C、D文中没有明确表述，不符合文意。
小题4:句意理解题。文章最后一段，“虽然不是每个人都渴望搬进一个绿色建筑里，一些人认为像太阳能光板等东西比传统上的能源贵多了。然而不管怎样，Holowka 说，它的生意会变得大起来。”所以，此处take off意思是说。绿色建筑会越来越成功越来越受欢迎的。
小题5:主旨大意题。通读全文，本文主要论述了绿色建筑的含义，它在节约能源，减少污染、保护森林等方面对环境的有利作用，以及它的发展前景。故最佳答案为D。
举一反三
Sometimes you’ll hear people say that you can’t love others until you love yourself. Sometimes you’ll hear people say that you can’t expect someone else to love you until you love yourself. Either way, you’ve got to love yourself first and this can be tricky. Sure we all know that we’re the apple of our parents’ eyes, and that our Grandmas think we’re great talents and our Uncle Roberts think that we will go to the Olympics. but sometimes it’s a lot harder to think such nice thoughts about ourselves. If you find that believing in yourself is a challenge. it is time you build a positive self-image and learn to love yourself.
Self-image is your own mind’s picture of yourself. This image includes the way you look, the way you act, the way you talk and the way you think. Interestingly, our self-images are often quite different from the images others hold about US. Unfortunately, most of these images are more negative than they should be. Thus changing the way you think about yourself is the key to changing your self-image and your whole world.
The best way to defeat a passive self-image is to step back and decide to stress your successes. That is, make a list if you need to, but write down all of the great things you do every day. Don’t allow doubts to occur in it.
It very well might be that you are experiencing a negative self-image because you can’t move past one flaw or weakness that you see about yourself. Well, roll up your sleeves and make a change of it as your primary task. If you think you’re silly because you aren’t good at math, find a tutor. If you think you’re weak because you can’t run a mile, get to the track and practice. If you think you’re dull because you don’t wear the latest trends, buy a few new clothes. But remember, just because you think it doesn’t mean it’s true.
The best way to get rid of a negative serf-image is to realize that your image is far from objective, and to actively convince yourself of your positive qualities. Changing the way you think and working on those you need to improve will go a long way towards promoting a positive self-image. When you can pat(拍) yourself on the back, you’ll know you’re well on your way. Good luck!
小题1:You need to build a positive self-image when you _________.
| A．dare to challenge yourself | B．feel it hard to change yourself |
| C．are unconfident about yourself | D．have a high opinion of yourself |
| A．have positive effects | B．are probably untrue |
| C．are often changeable | D．have different functions |
| A．To keep a different image of others. | B．To make your life successful. |
| C．To understand your own world. | D．To change the way you think. |
| A．How to prepare for your success. | B．How to face challenges in your life. |
| C．How to build a positive self-image. | D．How to develop your good qualities. |
| A．Parents. | B．Adolescents. | C．Educators. | D．People in general. |
The first few days are given to physical conditioning and to the teaching of basic skills such as first aid, map and compass reading, rope climbing, and other similar activities.
During the second part of the course students learn how to climb rocks and cliffs, how to use canoes and rafts in swift water, and in some schools how to sail, ski, climb mountains, and make long-distance hikes.
The first two parts of the course are done in groups. Members work together and help each other to overcome the increasing number of challenges. In the third part of the course, students are sent out alone for three days to survive in the wilderness with only a few necessities.
Who are the students of Outward Bound? They are both young people and adults, men and women. The minimum age is 16.5 years. There is no maximum age. About one-third of the 6,000 persons completing the course each year are women. Businessmen, housewives, university students, professors, doctors, and lawyers are among those taking part in the course.
In recent years special courses for the busy business managers have gained in popularity. These courses last from five to ten days rather than the usual three to four weeks of the normal course.
Not all students complete the Outward Bound course. In some cases the individual cannot meet the physical challenges. In its own words Outward Bound literature says: "Make no mistake, Outward Bound is not for everybody. The courses aren"t easy and are not meant to be."
Most students who finish the course share a common experience. They are surprised at themselves that they finish the course and they feel great pride in doing the impossible! The Outward Bound experience makes them feel that they are better than they know!
小题1:Where are Outward Bound courses given?
| A．In the classroom. |
| B．On the playground. |
| C．In the wilderness. |
| D．In canoes and rafts. |
| A．Special courses for business executives last five to ten days longer |
| B．All of the students have to live outdoors |
| C．The students of Outward Bound are composed of both sexes over 16.5 years |
| D．More and more businessmen like the Outward Bound course |
| A．Around 6,000 people attend the course each year. |
| B．About 2,000 women attend the course each year. |
| C．About 2,000 women overcome the challenges each year. |
| D．Approximately 2,000 people overcome the challenges each year. |
| A．take anything they think necessary with them |
| B．take the equipment they found useful |
| C．are provided with everything to make them comfortable |
| D．are provided with only a few articles which are absolutely necessary |
-- Reported by Sheila Carrick
Why did the chicken cross the road? To get to the other side.
Most people know this joke. But recently, some people have been much more concerned with how the grizzly bear and mountain lion can cross the road.
Millions of animals die each year on U.S. roads, the Federal Highway Administration reports. In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the U.S. today. The main reason? Roadkill.
"Ecopassages" may help animals cross the road without being hit by cars. They are paths both over and under roads. "These ecopassages can be extremely useful, so that wildlife can avoid human conflicts," said Jodi Hilty of the Wildlife Conservation Society.
But do animals actually use the ecopassages? The answer is yes. Paul Beier of Northern Arizona University found foot marks left by mountain lions on an ecopassage that went under a highway. This showed that the lion used the passage.
Builders of some ecopassages try to make them look like a natural part of an area by planting trees on and around them. Animals seem to be catching on. Animals as different as salamanders and grizzly bears are using the bridges and underpasses.
The next time you visit a park or drive through an area with a lot of wildlife, look around. You might see an animal overpass!
小题1:The writer uses the example of “ocelots” to show that_________.
| A．wild animals have become more dangerous |
| B．the driving conditions have improved greatly |
| C．the measure for protecting wildlife fails to work |
| D．an increasing number of animals are killed in road accidents |
| A．an underground path for cars | B．a fence built for the safety of the area |
| C．a bridge for animals to get over a river | D．a pass for animals to cross the road |
| A．animals begin to realize the dangers on the road |
| B．animals begin to learn to use ecopassages |
| C．animals are crossing the road in groups |
| D．animals are increasing in number |
| A．wild animals may attack cars | B．wild animals may jam the road |
| C．they may see wild animals in the park | D．they may see wild animals on ecopassages |
The 37-year-old Carnegie Mellon University professor has spent years developing snake-like robots he hopes will eventually slide through fallen buildings in search of victims trapped after natural disasters or other emergencies.
Dan Kara is president of Robotics Trends, a Northboro, Mass.-based company that publishes an online industry magazine and runs robotics trade shows. He said there are other snake-like robots being developed, mainly at universities, but didn’t know of one that could climb pipes.
The Carnegie Mellon machines are designed to carry cameras and electronic sensors and can be controlled with a joystick(操纵杆). They move smoothly with the help of small electric motors, or servos, commonly used by hobbyists in model airplanes.
Built from lightweight materials, the robots are about the size of a human arm or smaller. They can sense which way is up, but are only as good as their human operators, Choset added.
Sam Stover, a search term manager with the Federal Emergency Management Agency based in Indiana, said snake-type robots would offer greater mobility than equipment currently available, such as cameras attached to extendable roles.
“It just allows us to do something we’ve not been able to do before,” Stover said, “We needed them yesterday.”
He said snifter dogs are still the best search tool for rescue workers, but that they can only be used effectively when workers have access to damaged building.
Stover, among the rescue workers who handled the aftermath (后果) of Hurricane Katrina, said snake robots would have helped rescuers search flooded houses in that disaster.
Choset said the robots may not be ready for use for another five to ten years, depending on funding.
小题1:Which institution is responsible for the development of Choset’s robots?
| A．Robotics Trends. | B．Pittsburgh City Council. |
| C．Carnegie Mellon University. | D．Federal Emergency Management Agency. |
| A．can be attached to an electronic arm |
| B．can be used by hobbyists in model airplanes |
| C．can find victims more quickly than a snifter dog |
| D．can sense its way no better than its operators |
| A．could help handle the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina |
| B．would have been put to use in past rescue work |
| C．helped rescuers search flooded houses yesterday |
| D．were in greater need yesterday than today |
| A．Snake-like robots used in industries. |
| B．Snake-like robots made to aid in rescues. |
| C．The development of snake-like robots. |
| D．The working principles of snake-like robots. |
Indonesia’s reefs are vast – they cover 51, 000 square kilometers, surround 17, 500 islands and stretch 3,500 kilometers – but they are not infinite. Many foreign experts and Indonesians fear that the region’s entire marine environment could be seriously damaged if the reefs keep dying at their present rate. “The overall picture is depressing,” says Ian Dutton, Indonesian director of an environmental group.
Depressing, but not hopeless. Despite the destruction, environmentalists have in recent years made significant progress in changing the hearts and minds of the fishermen. Working closely with local Indonesian authorities in North Sulawesi and less populated eastern Indonesia, where most of the country’s reefs are located, they have succeeded in preventing destructive fishing practices and coral mining from overwhelming the reefs.
Increasing numbers of fishermen are waking up to the threat and protecting the life-sustaining coral before it’s too late. Nuhung, a 56-year-old fisherman, says, “I always knew blast fishing was harmful. Then I suddenly realized that by bombing the reefs I was destroying not only my own but my children’s future.”
小题1:The fishermen are named “worst offenders” because .
| A．they defend their rights of mining the coral reefs too eagerly |
| B．they wake up too late to realize the terrible situation |
| C．they use the fishing ways, which destroy the coral reefs |
| D．they pretend to follow the government’s rules |
| A．presents us some facts and people’s opinions as well |
| B．shows that he’s worried about the situation, but still feels a little hopeful |
| C．says he’s delighted and meanwhile, depressed |
| D．disagrees with what’s being done and gives suggestions |
| A．incomplete | B．short | C．unfit | D．limitless |
| A．But for the fishermen’s protection, the reefs would disappear soon. |
| B．More and more fishermen have realized their mistakes. |
| C．Without the coral reefs, the fishermen would have nothing for their livelihood. |
| D．Some practical measures have been taken to stop the situation worsening. |
| A．a magazine | B．a novel | C．a newspaper | D．a storybook |
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