阅读理解 Madame de Stael says that only the people who can play with children ar
题型：陕西省同步题难度：来源：
success in training children, the first condition is to become a child oneself.It means to treat the child as
really one"s equal, that is, to show him the same consideration, the same kind of confidence one shows to
an adult.It means not to affect the child to be what we ourselves want him to become, but to be affected
by the impression of what the child himself is: not to treat the child with cheating, or by force, but with the
seriousness and true love suitable to his own character.
Not leaving the child in peace is the greatest problem of present methods of training children.Parents
do not see that during the whole life, the need of peace is never greater than in the years of childhood, an
inner peace under all outside liveliness.
But what does a child experience?Corrections, orders, interference (干涉), the whole livelong day.
The child is always required to leave something alone, or to do something different, to find something
different, or to want something different from what he does, or finds, or wants.He is always guided in
another direction from the true inner will that is leading him.All of this is caused by our socalled enthusiasm
in directing, advising, and helping the child to become the same model produced in one assembly lin
e (流水线). Understanding, the deepest characteristic of love, is almost always absent.To bring up a child means carrying one"s soul in one"s hand: it means never placing ourselves in danger
of meeting the cold look on the face of the child.It means the truth that the ways of injuring the child are
limitless while the ways of being useful to him are few.How seldom does the educator remember that the
child, even at four or five years of age, has already had a sharp feeling!The smallest mistrust a
ndunkindness, the least act of injustice, leave wounds that last for life in the heart of the child.While, on the
other hand, unexpected friendliness and kindness make quite as deep an impression on those soft senses.
1. The passage mainly talks about________.
A. misleading zones and right ways ineducating children
B. current problems in training children
C. what should be taught to children
D. the importance of educating children
2. Children, according to the passage, are experiencing________.
A. corrections, orders and peace
B. orders, interference and peace
C. interference, orders and corrections
D. peace, guide and praise
3. If you were a parent, which of the following methods is TRUE according to the text?
A. You could treat your children not so seriously for they don"t understand many things.
B. You could train your children as you wish them to be.
C. You should sometimes leave your children in peace as they wish in their childhood.
D. You should correct your children immediately if their behavior is not what you want.
4. We may conclude that the author believes people should________.
A. play with the children with enthusiasm all day long just to please them
B. try to give an order, advice and suggestions to their children at any time
C. treat their children just as the way they treat an adult in their daily life
D. regard their children as an equal to them and have understanding of the inner peace of them
答案
举一反三
see some meateating plants.Take bladderworts (狸藻类植物), a kind of such plant,for example. They
appear so small and grow in a quiet pond. "But these are the fastestknown killers of the plant kingdom,
able to capture a small insect in 1/50 of a second using a trap door!"
Once the trap door closes on the victim, the enzymes (酶) similar to those in the human stomach slowly digest the insect. When dinner is over, the plant opens the trap door and is ready to trap again.
Meateating plants grow mostly in wet areas with soil that doesn"t offer much food value. In such
conditions, these amazing plants have developed insect traps to get their nutritional needs over thousands
of years. North America has more such plants than any other continents.
Generally speaking, the traps may have attractive appearance to fool the eye, like pitcher plants, which get their name because they look like beautiful pitchers (a container like a bottle) full of nectar (花蜜)．
The Asian pitcher plant, for example, has bright colors and an attractive halfclosed lid. Curious insects
are tempted to come close and take a sip, and then slide down the slippery (光滑的) slope to their deaths.
Hairlike growths along the pitcher walls ensure that nothing can escape, and the digestive enzymes can get to work. A tiny insect can be digested in a few hours, but a fly takes a couple of days.
Some of these pitchers are large enough to hold two gallons. Meateating plants only eat people in
science fiction movies, but sometimes a bird or other small animals will discover that a pitcher plant isn"t a
good place to get a drink.
B. capture an insect in 1/50 of a second
C. be found floating on a quiet lake
D. digest a fly in a few hours
B. producing nectar
C. tempting insects to come close
D. enjoying a dinner
B. don"t need much food value
C. can make the most of such conditions
D. have developed digestive enzymes
B. A dog.
C. A little bird.
D. A little fish.
Journal of Health and Social Behavior.
However, the study also found that when less-educated people did suffer stress it was more severe and had a larger impact on their health.
From this researchers have concluded that the day-to-day factors that cause stress are not random
(随意的). Where you are in society determines the kinds of problems that you have each day, and how
well you will deal with them.
The research team interviewed a national sample of 1,031 adults daily for eight days about their stress
level and health.People without a high school diploma reported stress on 30 percent of the study days,
people with a high school degree reported stress 38 percent of the time, and people with college degrees
reported stress 44 percent of the time.
"Less advantaged people are less healthy on a daily basis and are more likely to have downward turns
in their health," lead researcher Dr.Joseph Grzywacz, of Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center,
said in a prepared statement. "The downward turns in health were connected with daily stressors
(紧张刺激物) and the effect of daily stressors on their health is much more devastating (毁灭性的) for
the less advantaged."
Grzywacz suggested followup research to determine why lesseducated people report fewer days of
stress when it is known that their stress is more severe and lasting.
"If something happens every day,maybe it"s not seen as a stressor," Grzywacz says."Maybe it is just
life."
B. social status
C. body weight
D. work experience
B. during one of eight days
C. all by Grzywacz
D. in groups
B. People without high school degrees.
C. People with high school degrees.
D. People with college degrees.
B. the effect of education on their health is
C. the level of their education is
D. the degree of their health concern is
also have difficulty naming it.One sign of multiple sclerosis is losing the ability to speak clearly.It is
estimated that more than 2.5 million people worldwide suffer from multiple sclerosis.
MS is a disease of the brain and spinal cord (脊髓). In patients with MS, the covering of the nerves
is destroyed.This temporarily blocks signals that pass through the nerves to the muscles of the body and
back to the brain.The disease especially affects the ability to see, the sense of touch and the use of the
arms and legs.Most forms of MS are described as progressive.This means that the disease gets worse as
time passes.
For years, doctors believed that the cause of multiple sclerosis was environment.They believed this
because most of those suffering from the disease lived in northern Europe and the northern half of the
United States.In recent years, however, doctors have changed their beliefs about the causes of MS.
Recent studies support the theory that there are several causes.The studies appear to show that genetic
problems might be involved in making people likely to get the disease.The studies show that environmental causes like viruses or bacteria are more involved.However, researchers have not identified just what those causes might be.Another likely cause is a problem within the body"s defences against diseases, when the
defences misunderstand signals and attack the body.
Recently, an American study shows that women who get plenty of vitamin D during pregnancy(怀
孕) may be protecting their babies from developing MS later in life.Their body produces the vitamin after
contact between the skin and sunlight.
Scientists say multiple sclerosis does not appear to be passed from parents to children.Yet it does
appear to be found in families.The National Multiple Sclerosis Society says one in every 750 Americans
is at risk of developing MS.But the risk rises to one in every 40 people among those who have a close
family member with the disease.
There is no cure for multiple sclerosis.MS does not always result in severe disability.Many patients are
able to live a normal life.The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke says some patients do well with no treatment at all.It notes that many medicines to treat the disease have serious side effects while some carry risks.
1. Which of the following is the sign of MS?
A. The patient can"t name the disease.
B. The patient is short of vitamin D.
C. The patient hasn"t good sense of touch.
D. The patient can"t speak properly.
2. According to the passage, a person is likely to get the disease MS mainly because________.
A. he lives in northern Europe
B. his defences fight against a disease
C. the covering of his muscles is destroyed
D. he has been infected with viruses or bacteria
3. What can be learnt from the passage?
A. Vitamin D is a way to cure the disease MS.
B. There are effective medicines to cure the disease MS.
C. The disease MS must be passed among close family members.
D. The disease MS doesn"t have seriously bad effects on many patients.
4. What could be the best title of the passage?
A. MS, a newlyfound disease
B. MS, a troublesome disease
C. MS, a mysterious disease
D. MS, a deadly disease
Chinese people with large age differences and from all walks of life.Thirty years later, some of them
anxiously wait outside exam spots, praying for good luck for their only child.
The Chinese describe the CEE, or gaokao in Chinese, as "thousands of troops on a singlelog bridge
" because of the limited number of places at universities.For students in the countryside, the tough exams
may be their only opportunity to escape the hardship of country life.
A survey conducted by the Ministry of Education and the China Youth Daily showed 89.6% of
those people felt their fate was changed by the exam.Among those who said their fate was "totally
changed", 69.1% came from the countryside and only 30.9% were from cities.Some Chinese think too
much emphasis is placed on having a university diploma (文凭). It is believed that a person will not find
a proper job without a college certificate, and that there are increasingly fewer jobs even for college
graduates.
Although the CEE is still a major means of selecting people for higher education after 30 years of
development, the society has gradually adjusted its standard.
A lot of people think that the CEE needs reforming, but these reforms will have to be gradual.While
debates over the exam continue, more people believe it is the only open, fair and just way of talent
selection.
| College Entrance Exam Shapes | |
| Introduction | ◇The fate of a group of Chinese people with a large 1.________in their age and from all walks of life was changed by the CEE in 1977 and 1978. |
| 2.________of the CEE | ◇It is described as "thousands of troops on a singlelog bridge" because the number of places at universities is 3.________. ◇About eightynine percent of those people felt the exam changed their 4.________. ◇The CEE means more to those who come from the 5.________areas. |
| Different opinions of the CEE | ◇Some Chinese think we 6.________having a university diploma too much. ◇A lot of people think that the CEE needs to be 7. ________. ◇We should carry out the reforms 8.________. |
| Conclusion | ◇People continue 9.________over the exam. ◇It is believed to be the only open, fair and just way of 10.________ talented people. |
| 阅读理解 | |
| Back in the 1970s, the robots were coming for our boring manufacturing (生产) jobs.Now, they"re coming for our boring table service jobs.Korean company ITM Technology has developed the restaurant concept around a little robot that fulfills the role of a waiter.Robo Caf? avoids ordering errors, reduces staffing costs greatly for restaurant owners, and even brings the boss all the tips. Japan is preparing for some very tough times ahead.When its aging population become too old to work, labor is going to be in severe shortage.So inventive technology departments are exploding with really fascinating ideas to take the pressure off when it hits. To small caf? and restaurant owners, the solution might well look something like Robo Café, a restaurant designed to operate as efficiently as possible with the absolute minimum human workforce possible.The building needs to be designed with small horizontal (水平的) pathways leading from the kitchen to all the tables.A small team of waiter robots can then get around to every table in the house when they"re asked to come.Customers can either order orally, or touch a screen on the robot"s belly.When the kitchen has finished preparing the food, the robot brings it out to customers. Dan Carlin talks about the "kitchen of the future ", where everything is automated and the labor is free because you own it.Really, the_kitchen_of_the_future_is actually_the_kitchen of_the_past, when you consider that throughout human history, there have been many examples of slaves working for no pay. As Carlin points out, today"s concept of slavery is mostly restricted to nonhumans.And the ownership of robot labor in a Robo Caf ?type situation will almost certainly prove itself far more economical and dependable than a human workforce once the technology itself becomes mature.Of course, slaves have a worrying habit of rising up against their owners. | |
| 1. According to the passage, the robots that were invented in the last century could________. | |
| A. do some work that people dare not do B. bring lots of fun and profits to their owners C. do some housework such as table service work D. save people from having to do some boring manufacturing work | |
| 2. According to the passage, what will a Robo Café-type restaurant be like? | |
| A. Most of the work will be done by robots. B. Owners needn"t pay for the labour of their employees. C. Robot waiters are designed to serve customers voluntarily. D. The building will be designed for the convenience of customers. | |
| 3. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 probably mean? | |
| A. Employees depend on owners of restaurants as before. B. Technology won"t change the core of the kitchen. C. Labor free of charge can be used in the kitchen again. D. Labor free of charge is no longer limited to humans. | |
| 4. The passage is mainly written to________. | |
| A. explain why robots are popular in Japan B. tell people that robots can work as waiters in restaurants C. persuade readers to come to restaurants that use robots D. show the similarities between robots in 1970 and new robots | |