Carbon monoxide(一氧化碳) poisoning kills and injures many people and animals around
the world. The gas has been a problem since people first began burning fuels to cook food or to
create heat. It is a problem in all parts of the world that experience cold weather.
Carbon monoxide is called the silent killer because people do not know it is in the air. The gas
has no color. It has no taste. It has no smell. It does not cause burning eyes. And it does not cause
people to cough. But it is very deadly. It robs the body of its ability to use oxygen.
Carbon monoxide decreases the ability of the blood to carry oxygen to body tissues. It does this
by linking with the blood. When the gas links with the blood, the blood is no longer able to carry
oxygen to the tissues that need it.
Damage to the body can begin very quickly from large amounts of carbon monoxide. How
quickly this happens depends on the length of time a person is breathing the gas and the amount of
the gas he or she breathes in.
Carbon monoxide poisoning has warning signs. But people have to be awake to recognize them.
Small amounts of the gas will cause a person"s head to hurt. He or she may begin to feel tired. The
person may feel sick. The room may appear to be turning around. The person may have trouble
thinking clearly. People develop severe head pain as the amount of gas continues to enter their blood.
They will begin to feel very tired and sleepy. They may have terrible stomach pains.
Medical experts say carbon monoxide affects people differently. For example, a small child will
experience health problems or die much quicker than an adult will. The general health of the person
or his or her age can also be important. An older adult with health problems may suffer the effects of
carbon monoxide more quickly than a younger person with no health problems. People with heart
disease may suffer chest pains. They may begin to have trouble breathing.
Bringing a giraffe into the world is a tall order．A baby giraffe falls 10 feet from its mother"s
womb (子宫) and usually lands on its 1_．Within seconds it rolls over and tucks(缩拢) its legs
under its body．Gary Richmond describes how a newborn giraffe learns it first 2 in his book,
A View from the Zoo．
The mother giraffe 3 her head long enough to take a quick look．Then she _4 herself
directly over her calf．She waits for about a minute, and then she does the most 5 thing．She
swings her long leg outward and kicks her baby．
If the baby giraffe doesn"t 6 , the violent process is repeated over and over again．The _7
to rise is very important．As the baby calf grows 8 , the mother kicks it again to stimulate(激励)
its efforts．Finally, the calf stands for the first time on its 9 legs．
Then mother giraffe does the most remarkable thing．She kicks it off its feet again． 10 ?
She wants it to remember how it got up．In the wild, baby giraffes must be able to get up as 11
as possible to stay with the herd(鹿群), where there is 12 ．Wild animals and hunting dogs all 13
young giraffes, and calves would be punished if the mother didn"t 14 her calf to be watchful and
get up quickly．
Irving Stone 15 this．He spent a lifetime studying 16 , writing novelized biographies of
such men as Michelangelo, Vincent van Gogh, and Charles Darwin．
Stone was once asked if he had found a 17 that runs through the lives of all these exceptional
people．He said, "They are 18 over the head, knocked down, and for years they still get 19 ．
But every time they are knocked down, they stand up．You cannot 20 these people.And at the
end of their lives they"ve accomplished some modest part of what they set out to do．
Cheating is common in various kinds of exams in college. Students don"t feel shame to cheat in exams.
They know that if caught cheating in an exam, the punishment will not be serious. This leads to frequent
cheating in exams.
At the University of Nevada, after students photographed test questions with their cellphone cameras,
transmitted them to classmates outside the exam room and got the answers back in text messages, the
university put in place a new monitoring system.
With their electronic tools, students these days find it easier to cheat. So college officials find themselves in a new game of cat and mouse, trying to gain an advantage over would-be cheats this exam season with a
range of strategies-cutting off Internet access from laptops, or demanding the surrender of cellphones before tests.
Mr. Dapremont said technology had made cheating easier, but added that plagiarism in writing papers
was probably a bigger problem because students can easily lift other people"s writings off the Internet.
Still, some students said they thought cheating these days was more a product of an attitude, not the tool at hand. Pressure to succeed sometimes clouds everything and makes people do things that they shouldn"t
do. Students today feel more pressure to do well in order to graduate from school and secure a job.
Whatever the reasons for cheating, college officials say the battle against it is wearing them out. First,
people who cheat in exams will lose interest in studying. Second, they believe studying isn"t meaningful.
Even though they don"t do anything, they can still pass. Third, people who cheat in exams will influence
others.
Plenty of hard working people will see that their results are lower than people who cheat in exams. Thus,
we must prevent cheating in exams. We reduce the opportunities for cheating in exams.
The vast majority of Americans still believe that honesty is an important part of the American character.
For that reason, there are numerous watchdog committees at all level of society. Although signs of dishonesty in school, business, and government seem much more numerous in recent years than in the past, could that because we are getting better at revealing such dishonesty?
Many educators feel that as students gain confidence in themselves and their abilities, they are less likely
to cheat. Surprisingly, some efforts to prevent cheating may actually encourage cheating-a person may feel " they don"t trust me anyway", and be tempted to " beat the system". Distrust can be contagious(传染的).
But, so can trust.
Title: Cheating in exams in college
| Facts | ●Cheating in exams is common in college. ●Students don"t take cheating in exams as 1 behaviour |
| Means of cheating and plagiarism | ●Use 2 . ●Surf the Internet. |
| 3 for cheating | ●Cheats are not 4 seriously. ●The latest technology makes it 5 for students to cheat. ●Heavy pressure makes students want to do well so as to ensure 6 and a job. |
| 7 of cheating | ●People will become 8in studying. ●People will believe studying doesn"t make 9_. ●People cheating in exams will influence others negatively. |
| Solution | ●Educators and students should 10each other. |
Long ago, operation usually had to be done while the sick man could feel everything. The sick man had to be held down on a table by force while the doctors did their best to save him. He could feel all the pain if his leg or arm was being cut off, and his fearful cries filled the room and the hearts of those who watched. Soon after 1770, Josept Priestley discovered a gas which is now called "laughing gas". Laughing gas became known in America. Young men and women went to parties to try it. Most of them spent their time laughing, but one man at a party, Horace Wells, noticed that people didn"t seem to feel pain when they were using this gas. He decided to make an experiment on himself．He asked a friend to help him． Wells took some of the gas, and his friend pulled out one of Wells" teeth. Wells felt no pain at all. As he didn"t know enough about laughing gas, he gave a man less gas than he should have. The man cried out with pain when his tooth was being pulled out. Wells tried again, but this time he gave too much of the gas, and the man died. Wells never forgot this terrible event. | |
| 1. Long ago，when the sick man was operated on, he ______. | |
| A. could feel nothing B. could not want anything C. could feel all the pain D. could do anything | |
| 2. Using the laughing gas, the people did not seem to ______. | |
| A. be afraid of anything B. feel pain C. want to go to the parties D. be ill | |
| 3. If a man took less laughing gas than he should have when an operation went on, he ______. | |
| A. felt nothing B. felt very comfortable C. still felt pain D. would die | |
| 4. One who took too much of the laughing gas ______. | |
| A. would laugh all the time B. would be very calm C. would never feel pain D. would die. | |
| Their round bodies, round flat noses and large ears often remind us of bears every time we see koalas. Probably that"s why these animals are often referred to as koala bears. Koalas are natives of Australia. However, they aren"t found all over the continent. The habitat of koala bears is eastern regions of Australia and South Australia. Koalas are found where there are enough forests of eucalyptus(桉树) trees. The association of koalas and eucalyptus trees is due to the fact that these animals feed on the leaves of eucalyptus trees. But that"s not all. In addition, the trees also serve as the homes of the koalas. Koalas grow around 27 to 36 inches tall and weigh 5 to 9 kilograms on average. Male kaolas are larger than the females. Life can stretch up to 17 years. Like many other animals, the habitat of koala bears is fast decreasing due to deforestation and quick urbanization(都市化). However, efforts by some scientists and animal lovers have successfully introduced these creatures back in certain parts of Australia. | |
| 1. What do Koalas look like ? (回答词数不超过3个) | |
| 2. Where is the main habitat of koala bears in the world? (回答词数不超过8个) | |
| 3. What do eucalyptus trees provide koalas with ? (回答词数不超过3个) | |