阅读理解。 Robots are being used for the first time in hospitals. "Robot-nurses"
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| 阅读理解。 |
Robots are being used for the first time in hospitals. "Robot-nurses" perform a variety of tasks such as
delivering medicine, food and laboratory samples to sickrooms and taking away waste. Patients aren"t
treated by robots, as this is still done by medical staff. The idea is to employ robots to transport supplies
between departments.
"Nurses often have to break off from what they are doing to gather supplies," says Peter Seiff, who
makes the robots called TUGs. Research shows any interruption in medical work can lead to errors-a
nurse may forget whether she has given medicine and may give a patient double the dose (剂量) or none
at all.
The robots vary in size according to what job they perform, but normally take the shape of a metal
box on wheels, with a box on the side containing their software.
After being programmed, the robots are able to find their way around a hospital unassisted. They also
contain scanning technology to create electronic pictures or a "memory" of routes on their hard drives to
help them go through passages, doors and other obstacles. Each robot is also monitored at the producer"s headquarters (总部) in case it runs into any difficulties.
Trials show TUGs reduce the time it takes for a patient to receive medicine, and stop drugs from going missing. A study at the University of Maryland Medical Centre in the U.S. found that when three TUGs
were used over the course of a year, the average length of time from the drugstore receiving a prescription to the patient receiving it dropped from 74 minutes to 30 minutes and saved nurses 6,123 hours finding medicines. It also cut the number of medicines that went missing to zero.
"The biggest complaints we receive from patients is that the nurses don"t spend enough time with them. Anything that frees nurses is a boon," says Katherine Mulligan, director of nursing at the hospital, "The
TUGs allow nurses to spend more time focusing on patient care. Nurse satisfaction has improved." |
| 1. Which of the following activities are robot-nurses NOT programmed to deal with? |
A. Transporting supplies.
B. Taking away waste.
C. Taking care of patients.
D. Creating electronic pictures. |
| 2. The underline word "boon" in the last paragraph probably means . |
A. benefit
B. dream
C. habit
D. complaint |
| 3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? |
A. Robots can help nurses save a lot of time.
B. All robots have the same size.
C. Robots are unable to find their way by themselves.
D. Robots cannot get help if they run into difficulties. |
| 4. What is the attitude of the author towards robot-nurses? |
A. Neutral.
B. Positive.
C. Negative.
D. Unknown. |
答案
| 1-4: CAAB |
举一反三
| 阅读理解。 |
You may have heard the popular saying, "there are always more fish in the sea". But as many new
studies show, fish populations are changing, and not necessarily for the better.
Consider the case of big, predatory (食肉动物) fish. These giants, like sharks and cod (鳕鱼), eat
other smaller fish. Big fish are an important part of the marine ecosystem (海洋生态系统) because they
keep down the numbers of smaller fish. Without fish that eat other fish, populations of smaller swimmers
would increase, eating more plants, and leaving less vegetation for other creatures, including future fish.
As fierce as predators can be, they"re no match for fishing technology. Many people love to catch
predatory fish like sharks, cod and tuna, and new studies suggest that over-fishing is threatening these
creatures near the top of the marine food chain.
In one study, Villy Christensen and his colleagues looked at 200 past studies of marine life to learn
how fish populations have changed over time. Christensen reported that between 1910 and 1970, the
numbers of big predators decreased slowly, and that in 1970 their populations really started to drop.
Around that time, fishing ships began using new tools that led to more fish being caught. The numbers
have been falling quickly ever since.
Reg Watson looked at the problem from the perspective of the fishermen. In the middle of the 20th
century, Watson reported, fishing boats didn"t go far from home, and most fish were caught near the
shore. That was no longer true by the 1980s. By then, fishing had moved farther from shore, into the
open oceans, and was helped by the development of new technologies. But since the 1990s, something
has changed. Despite new technologies and more efforts, fishing operations have not continued to
develop.
Scientists study historical data to understand the present, and this research is needed to forecast the
future of fish and fishing. And the forecast doesn"t look good: large predator fish are becoming harder to
find, and soon may disappear. |
| 1. From Paragraph 2 we can learn that . |
A. more big fish are breeding in the ocean
B. the fewer smaller fish, the more big fish
C. big fish are less important than smaller fish
D. the numbers of smaller fish are controlled by big fish |
| 2. Why did the number of big predators begin to fall quickly in 1970? |
A. Fishing ships began using new tools with which they could catch more fish.
B. There were fewer smaller fish than before.
C. There were more people catching big predators.
D. Their environment was being polluted by fishing ships. |
| 3. Which of the following would scientists most probably agree with? |
A. It may soon be difficult to find large predator fish.
B. It will cost much more in the future to catch big fish.
C. Smaller fish still give the fishing industry a bright future.
D. It is tough for researchers to forecast the future of fish. |
| 4. What can we conclude from the passage? |
A. The decrease of the number of smaller fish has changed the marine food chain.
B. Big fish have to live in the deep sea to avoid being caught.
C. Over-fishing with new technology accounts for the decrease of the number of big fish.
D. The decreasing populations of small fish lead to fewer big fish. |
| 阅读理解。 |
Each year about a quarter of a million Americans study abroad. For many of them, a summer or a
semester in a foreign country now involves more than just sitting in classrooms and hanging out with other American students. Instead, they are encouraged and sometimes required to be involved in the local
communities they are studying in.
"It"s absolutely important that they know something about how people in other parts of the world live
and think, and how they behave," says William Finlay, head of the sociology department at the University
of Georgia. In 2008, he co-founded a study abroad program with South Africa"s Stellenbosch University.
It combines traditional academic in-class learning with community involvement.
"We"ve been working with a non-government organization in the township. Our students typically
either work with little children in day care centers or work in the library and teach very basic computer
skills to young children," says Finlay.
The three-week program proved to be an unforgettable experience for Hillary Kinsey. She says, "It
was interesting to learn the history of the area and then talk to these people and see what the social
dynamics were, and how certain groups felt about other groups."
When Hillary Kinsey returned home from South Africa, she and other students in the program
established a non-profit group. Kinsey says the group wants to contribute to advancing education and
development in South Africa. "One of the purposes of the group is that we hope to raise money and
awareness about the situation where those people live and help to promote any sort of educational
development that we can, " Kinsey added.
While many study abroad programs focus on helping Americans to learn foreign languages, others
take a more intensive approach. "In all of our locations, we place students with local roommates," says
Mark Lenhart, director of CEF Academic Programs, which sends more than a thousand students to China, Korea and other countries each year.
He says American students benefit from such one-on-one interactions, in spite of the challenges they
face. Lenhart says, "They have to adjust to the local life. This will enable students to become more employable when they graduate." |
| 1. What is the main idea of this passage? |
A. How non-profit groups work in South Africa.
B. How to take part in study abroad programs.
C. Americans studying abroad pay more attention to working with local children.
D. Americans combine community involvement with study while studying abroad. |
| 2. The purposes of Hillary Kinsey"s non-profit group include all of the following, EXCEPT . |
A. learning more about South Africa
B. raising money for local people
C. helping to develop education in South Africa
D. raising people"s awareness of the local situation |
| 3. Which of the following CANNOT be used to describe Hillary Kinsey"s feelings about studying abroad? |
A. Interested.
B. Surprised.
C. Impressed.
D. Unforgettable. |
4. The advantages of studying abroad mentioned in this passage include .
① making more friends
② being qualified for more jobs
③ learning a foreign language
④ having the ability to adjust to a new environment |
A. ①②③
B. ②③④
C. ①③④
D. ①②④ |
| 阅读理解。 |
For more than twenty years scientists have been searching for signs of life on other planets. Most of
these searches have been done over the radio. The hope is that someone in outer space may be trying to
get in touch with us. Scientists also have sent radio and television messages on spaceships traveling through space, on the chance that someone may answer such messages.
Scientists are using powerful radio telescopes to listen to signals from about 1, 000 stars, all within 100
light years of the earth. In addition, they will scan the entire sky to "listen" for radio messages from more
distant stars. Using a computer, they will be able to monitor more than eight channels at one time.
Scientists are looking for any signal that stands out from the background noise.
Of the 200 billion stars in the Milky Way galaxy(银河星系), scientists find that 5% are like our sun.
Perhaps half of them have a planet like the earth. Such a planet would be a reasonable distance from the
star for temperatures to be right for the evolution(进化) of life. Based on the inhabitable (适于居住的)
planets in our galaxy, most scientists agree that chances are likely that one or more of these planets
support some life.
However, many scientists wonder whether intelligent life exists on other planets. Some believe that
twenty years of searching without any intelligible messages shows that no one is out there. They say that
the evolution of intelligence comparable to ours is unlikely.
Other scientists believe that our search hasn"t been long enough to rule out the possibility that intelligent
life exists in our galaxy. If we hope to find intelligent life, these scientists believe that we have to keep
looking. |
| 1. According to the passage, how many planets in our galaxy might be inhabitable? |
A. 5 billion.
B. 10 billion.
C. 15 billion.
D. 200 billion |
| 2. The first paragraph in this passage is mainly about ________ . |
A. how scientists are looking for signs of life on other planets
B. why scientists are looking for signs of life on other planets
C. where scientists are looking for signs of life on other planets
D. when scientists are looking for signs of life on other planets |
| 3. The underlined word "monitor" in the 2nd paragraph means " ________ ". |
A. find
B. block
C. check
D. form |
| 4. Which of these statements is True based on the information in the passage? |
A. The earth is one of the oldest planets in our galaxy.
B. Most scientists believe that there is intelligent life on other planets.
C. Scientists don"t believe that there might be life on other planets.
D. Scientists are trying different ways to find signs of life on other planets. |
| 阅读理解。 |
Without most people realizing it, there has been a revolution in office work over the last ten years.
Before that time, large computers were only used by large, rich companies that could afford the
investment. With the advancement of technology, small computers have come into the market, which
are capable of doing the work that used to be done by much larger and expensive computers, so now
most smaller companies can use them.
The main development in small computers has been in the field of word processors (处理器) , or
WPS as they are often called. 40% of British offices are now estimated to have a word processor and
this percentage is growing fast.
There are many advantages in using a word processor for both secretary and manager. The secretary
is freed from a lot of daily work, such as re-typing letters and storing papers. He or she can use this time
to do other more interesting work for the boss. From a manager"s point of view, secretarial time is being
made better use of and money can be saved by doing daily jobs automatically outside office hours.
But is it all good? If a lot of daily secretarial work can be done automatically, surely this will mean that
fewer secretaries will be needed. Another worry is the increasing medical problems related to work with
visual display units (显示器). The case of a slow loss of sight among people using word processors
seems to have risen greatly. It is also feared that if a woman works at a VDU for long hours, the unborn
child in her body might be killed. Safety screens to put over a VDU have been invented but few
companies in England bother to buy them.
Whatever the arguments for and against word processors are, they are a key feature of this revolution
in office practice. |
| 1. Ten years ago, smaller companies did not use large computers because ________. |
A. these companies had not enough money to buy such expensive computers
B. these computers could not do the work that small computers can do today
C. these computers did not come into the market
D. these companies did not need to use this new technology |
| 2. According to the writer, the main feature of the revolution in office work over the last ten years is_____. |
A. the saving of time and money
B. the use of computers in small companies
C. the wide use of word processors
D. the decreasing number of secretaries |
| 3. It is implied but not directly stated in the passage that with the use of word processors ________. |
A. some secretaries will lose their jobs
B. daily jobs can be done automatically outside office hours
C. medical problems related to work with a VDU have increased greatly
D. the British companies will make less money |
| 4. Which of the following statements is NOT true? |
A. There are both advantages and disadvantages in using a word processor.
B. The British companies care much for the health of the people using word processors.
C. The technology in the field of computers has been greatly advanced over the last ten years.
D. Using word processors, secretaries can get more time to do more interesting work for their bosses. |
| 5. It can be concluded from the passage that ________. |
A. safety screens are of poor quality
B. working at a VDU for a long time is good for one"s health
C. more and more British offices will use word processors
D. British companies will need fewer and fewer managers |
阅读理解。
根据短文内容,从从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项是多余选项。 |
_1 Scientists and experts have proved the uniqueness of finger-prints and discovered that no exactly
similar pattern is passed on from parents to children, though nobody knows why this is the case.
The ridge (隆起) structure on a person"s fingers does not change with growth and is not affected by
surface injuries. Burns, cuts and other damage to the outer part of the skin will be replaced in time by
new one, which bears a reproduction of the original pattern. _2 Some criminals make use of this fact to
remove their own finger-prints but this is a dangerous and rare step to take.
Finger-prints can be made very easily with printer"s ink. They can be recorded easily. _3 Because of
the simplicity and economy of this system, finger-prints have often been used as a method of solving
criminal case. A suspected man may deny a charge but this may be in vain. 4 When a suspect leaves
finger-prints behind at the scene of a crime, they are difficult to detect with the naked eye.
_5 Some of the marks found are incomplete but identification is possible if a print of a quarter of an
inch square can be obtained.
A. Special techniques are used to "develop" them.
B. A fingerprint is an impression of the friction ridges of all part of the finger.
C. It is only when the inner skin is injured that the arrangement will be destroyed.
D. With special methods, identification can be achieved successfully within a short time.
E. This is called a latent print.
F. His finger-prints can prove who he is even if his appearance has been changed by age or accident.
G. Every human being has a unique arrangement of the skin on his fingers and this arrangement
is unchangeable. |
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