English is spoken as a first language by most people in the USA, Britain, Austra
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English is spoken as a first language by most people in the USA, Britain, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland and Canada. However, English is spoken all over the world. It is the main language in over 60 countries, such as India, Singapore and in many of the Caribbean and Pacific islands. In those places English is often a second language.
English is also as an important international language in many other countries, like China and Japan. People in these countries use it for business, and travelers to these countries use English when they get there. Other people may learn English because they enjoy reading books in English, listening to British or American music or watching American films.
English has changed a lot these years and still goes on changing. It is no longer right to talk about British English or American English if the speaker doesn’t come from those countries. People in Japan or Korea, for example, may use the American spelling but may not sound like Americans.
English will be the most widely used language in the world in the 21st century. This language no longer belongs to British, American or Australian speakers. It belongs to anyone who can use this language. After you leave school, you will almost certainly need it.
小题1:In how many countries is English spoken as a first language in the world?| A．Five. | B．Four. | C．Three. | D．Six. |
小题2:In which other countries is English spoken as a main language?| A．Britain, USA and Australia. | | B．India, Singapore and many of Caribbean and Pacific islands. | | C．China and Japan. | | D．New Zealand, Ireland and Canada. |
小题3:People from other countries learn English for .| A．passing exams | | B．business and traveling | | C．reading English books, enjoying English music or watching films | | D．Both B and C |
小题4:If people in Japan or Korea use the American spelling, they .| A．will speak the same as Americans | | B．may not sound like Americans | | C．will speak British English | | D．will speak English much better |
小题5:Which topic is the best for the passage?| A．A first language in the world. | | B．A second language in the world. | | C．English around the world. | | D．A useful language. |
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答案
小题1:D
小题2:B
小题3:D
小题4:B
小题5:C |
解析
小题1:细节理解题。结合文章第一句English is spoken as a first language by most people in the USA, Britain, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland and Canada.可知答案。
小题2:细节理解题。结合It is the main language in over 60 countries, such as India, Singapore and in many of the Caribbean and Pacific islands可知答案。
小题3:细节理解题。结合第二段内容可知答案。
小题4:细节理解题。结合People in Japan or Korea, for example, may use the American spelling but may not sound like Americans.可知答案。
小题5:主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了世界各主要说英语的国家和人们学习英语的目的，故选C项。 |
举一反三
Is war unavoidable? Can war be prevented?
History tells that there were wars, great or small, in every century, in every decade. Throughout the ages, from the Stone age to the Atomic Age, men have been fighting, first with swords and shields(盾), then with guns and cannons, and now, hydrogen bombs and missiles are used for military purpose. But, in spite of all these, it is still my belief that war can be prevented and peace can be won, but it requires the effort of every one of us.
I am sure that we would not like to experience another world war. If it ever happens, two-thirds of the world and much of the civilization which men have gained through time, patience and effort will be destroyed. Will then the remaining one-third of the world be able to survive on its own?
Our task now is not to blame the past, but to plan for the future.
If there is peace in the world, men can use their rockets to explore the mystery of space, their submarines to explore the depth of the sea, their missiles to deliver mails and their fine equipment to penetrate(穿透) the jungles of Africa, instead of using them military.
Governments can use their money to build more schools, so that more children can be educated to be useful citizens. Scientists can use atomic energy to propel (推动) steamships and planes. They can also design new machines to increase the production of goods and thus improve the way of living of the people.
How can a peaceful world be achieved? It requires, in my opinion, the understanding and friendship between all people from all nations. Let no one suffer discrimination by reason of color, race, religion, or national origin. Let the rich support the poor and the strong help the weak.
We know that neither peace nor such a dream world can come true in a day or a month. It may even take decades or centuries. But let us plan and begin now.
小题1:The best title for this passage is _________.| A．The Past and the Future | B．To Die or To Survive | | C．War and Peace | D．Understanding and Friendship |
小题2:In the writer’s opinion, __________.| A．it is too difficult to achieve peace | | B．peace can be won through the efforts of all human beings | | C．another world war is inevitable | | D．wars will always exist in the world |
小题3:We can infer from the passage that __________.| A．wars were not expensive in the past | | B．wars can promote the development of weapons | | C．things for military use can be transformed to peaceful use | | D．as long as there are wars, people’s way of living cannot be improved |
小题4:What should we do to achieve peace?| A．Spend more money educating children. | | B．Stop military exploration | | C．Call on people to help each other | | D．Act from right now on. |
小题5:Which word can best describe the writer’s picture of the future of the world?| A．Optimistic | B．Pessimistic | C．Imaginative | D．Disappointing |
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If the world were a village of 1,000 people， it would include:
• 584 Asians
• 124 Africans
• 95 Eastern and Western Europeans
• 84 Latin Americans
• 55 former Soviets (including Lithuanians, Latvians, Estonians, and other national groups)
• 52 North Americans
• 6 Australians and New Zealanders
The people of the village would speak:
• 165 Mandarin
• 86 English
• 83 Hindu/Urdu
• 64 Spanish
• 58 Russian
• 37 Arabic
The above list covers the mother tongues of only half the village.
One-third of the people in the village are children, and only 60 are over the age of 65. Just under half of the married women in the village have access to modem equipments.
This year 28 babies will be born. Ten people will die, 3 of them for lack of food, 1 from cancer. Two of the deaths will be of babies born within the year. With the 28 births and 10 deaths, the population of the village next year will be 1,018.
In this village of 1,000 persons, 200 people receive 75 percent of the income; another 200 receive only 2 percent of the income.
About one-third have access to clean, safe drinking water.
Of the 670 adults in the village, half can not read nor write.
The village has a total yearly budget , public and private, of over $3 million—$ 3 ,000 per person if it is distributed evenly. Of the total $3 million:
$ 181,000 goes to weapons and warfare
$ 159,000 to education
$ 132,000 to health care
These weapons are under the control of just 100 of the people. The other 900 are watching them with deep anxiety, wondering whether they can learn to get along together.
小题1:Which of the following is true about Mandarin according to the text? | A．Nearly one-third of Asian people speak Mandarin in the village. | | B．About 8.25 per cent of the people speak Mandarin in the village. | | C．About 16. 5 per cent of the people speak Mandarin in the village. | | D．Nearly all the Mandarin-speaking people are from Asia in the village. |
小题2:Which of the following problems is NOT mentioned in the text?| A．Poverty. | B．Education. | C．Environment. | D．Marriage. |
小题3:The underlined part “have access to” (in Para. 4) means_____.小题4:The last sentence in the text implies that most of the people long for _____. | A．a peaceful world | B．good education | | C．better health care | D．a life without anxiety |
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In China, many people are leaving the countryside to find jobs in the cities, because the countryside is much poorer than the city, and often there isn"t much work there. Services such as hospital and transport are usually much better in the city than in the countryside. They hope that their lives will improve when they move to the city.
But in the big cities of Europe like London or Paris, people are moving out of the city. These rich families want to live a quieter life. They are tired of the noise and the dirt of the city, and they are tired of the crowded streets, crowded trains and buses. They don"t want to live in the cities any more. They want a house with a garden in the countryside, and breathe the fresh air there.
So they move out of the cities. Some don"t go very far, just a little way out of the city, to the towns near the cities, other people move to the real countryside with sheep, cows and green fields. There, they start new lives and try to make new friends.
Not all those who move from the city to the countryside are happy. After two or three years, many people who have done this feel that it was a big mistake. They don"t make so much money and there isn"t much work to do. People in the countryside are very different and aren"t always very friendly.
As a result, quite a lot of people who have moved to the countryside move back to the city. “It’s wonderful to see crowds in the streets and cinema lights,” they say.
小题1:Which is NOT the reason for people moving to the cities in China?| A．The countryside is much poorer than me city. | | B．People in the countryside have nothing to eat. | | C．People in the countryside don"t have much work to do there. | | D．Services in cities are usually much better than those in the countryside. |
小题2:Why do some rich families in Europe move to the countryside?| A．Because they will find good jobs. | | B．Because they are tired of living in the city. | | C．Because they can make more money there. | | D．Because they like feeding sheep and cows in the green fields. |
小题3:After moving to the countryside, some people in Europe feel unhappy because .| A．they can’t make much money | | B．there isn’t much work for them to do in the countryside | | C．some people in the countryside aren’t always very friendly to them | | D．A, B and C |
小题4:The underlined sentence in the last paragraph shows .| A．they are happy to move back to the city | | B．they will miss their friends in the countryside | | C．they still want to move to the countryside | | D．they are tired of the noise and the crowded streets in the city |
小题5:The best title of this passage may be “ ”.| A．A happy life! | B．Living in the city! | | C．Moving out or moving back? | D．Living in the countryside! |
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Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships. For example, in American culture the smile is in general an expression of pleasure. Yet it also has other uses. A woman’s smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child. A smile may show love or politeness. It can also hide true feelings. For example, many people in Russia consider smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper. Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities). Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places; some Americans believe that Russians don’t smile enough. In Southeast Asian culture, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings. Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile.
Our faces show emotions (情感), but we should not attempt（尝试）to “read” people from another culture as we would “read” someone from our own culture. The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions. Rather, there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressions permitted. For example, in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do. When with friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly.
It is difficult to conclude about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United States. People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others. The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are different. If we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the mistake of “reading” the other person incorrectly.
小题1:What does the smile usually mean in the U.S.?| A．Love. | B．Politeness. | C．Joy. | D．Thankfulness. |
小题2:The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that smile can ___ .| A．show friendliness to strangers | B．be used to hide true feelings | | C．be used in the wrong places | D．show personal habits |
小题3:What should we do before attempting to “read” people?| A．Learn about their relations with others. | | B．Understand their cultural backgrounds. | | C．Find out about their past experience. | | D．Figure out what they will do next. |
小题4:What would be the best title for the test?| A．Cultural Differences | B．Smiles and Relationship | | C．Facial Expressiveness | D．Habits and Emotions |
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As many as one in five US teenagers have some degree of hearing loss, according to researchers. They say the problem is growing.
“Teenagers really don’t pay attention to how much noise they are exposed to(接触),” Josef Shargorodsky of Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston told Reuters. “Often people won’t notice it, but even very little hearing loss may influence language development,” said Shargorodsky, one of the researchers.
The study compared surveys from the early 1990s and the mid-2000s. Each included a few thousand teenagers. In the first survey, about 15 percent of teenagers had some degree of hearing loss. Some 15 years later, that number had risen by a third, to nearly 20 percent.
“This certainly is big news,” said Alison Grimes, an ear doctor. “Hearing loss is very common in old people,” Grimes said, but she added that it was worrying to see it happen in the younger age group.
In babies and young children, hearing problems are known to slow language development. The science is less clear for teenagers, but it is easy to imagine how being hard of hearing could influence learning, said Grimes.
The reasons for the rise are still unclear. When researchers asked teenagers about noise exposure – on the job, at school or from activities, for example – the teenagers didn’t report any change. But Shargorodsky said that might not be true. “We know from before that it is difficult to ask this age group about noise exposure – they underestimate it.” Few people would call it noise when they listen to music on their MP3 player, for example. “There is a difference between what we think is loud and what is harmful to the ear,” said Grimes.
Although it’s not clear that the MP3 players cause teenagers’ hearing loss, Grimes said it was still a good idea to turn down the sound and take short breaks from listening.
小题1:The writer advises teenagers __________.| A．to turn the sound down | | B．to stop using MP3 players | | C．to be clear about the problem | | D．to report the change in hearing loss |
小题2:The underlined sentence “they underestimate it” means __________.| A．their love for music prevent them realizing the harm | | B．their hearing loss is happening without being noticed | | C．they think music can be taken as noise to some degree | | D．they think it’s harmful sometimes although it’s not loud |
小题3:Which of the following is true according to the passage?| A．Hearing loss may lead to slow language development. | | B．Hearing loss in old people is as common as in young people. | | C．Researchers have already found some causes of hearing loss. | | D．Teenagers know MP3 is harmful, but they can’t stop listening to it. |
小题4:What is the best title for the passage?| A．A word short and simple | B．A report by teenagers | | C．A message loud and clear | D．A letter from MP3 users |
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