The Japanese government has launched(发起)a campaign encouraging people to go to b

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The Japanese government has launched(发起)a campaign encouraging people to go to bed and get up extra early in order to reduce household carbon dioxide emissions(二氧化碳排放).
The Morning Challenge campaign，put forward by the Environment Ministry, is based on the idea that swapping late night electricity for an extra hour of morning sunlight could greatly cut the nation’s carbon footprint．
A typical family can reduce its carbon dioxide footprint by 85 kg a year if everyone goes to bed and gets up one hour earlier，according to the campaign．The amount of carbon dioxide emissions potentially saved from going to bed an hour early was equal to 20 percent of annual emissions from household lights，“Many Japanese people waste electric power at night time，for example by watching TV until very late,”a ministry spokesman told The Daily Telegraph.“But going to bed early and getting up e

arly can avoid wasting electrical power which causes carbon dioxide emissions.” The campaign also proposes that people take advantage of an extra hour of morning sunlight by improving their lifestyles in general by running, doing yoga and eating a nutritious breakfast.
It is the latest action dealing with climate change by the Japanese environment ministry，which is faced with the challenge of reducing carbon dioxide emissions by 25 percent from 1990 levels within the next decade．
It was the same government department that launched the Cool Business cam

paign five years ago, which encouraged workers to wear short—sleeved shirts and offices not to turn air conditioning lower than 28 degrees during the summer.
小题1:. Why are Japanese encouraged to go to bed and get up early?

A．Because it is of great benefit to their health．
B．Because Japan is a country without enough electricity.
C．Because it can give off less carbon dioxide．	D．Because it is a good habit．

小题2:.. The underlined word“swapping” means___________.

A．comparing

B．exchanging

C．turning

D．competing

小题3:.. In general，a Japanese family gives off _________of carbon dioxide every year.

A．85 kg

B．170 kg

C．425 kg

D．850 kg

小题4:. We can draw a conclusion that_________.

A．People can save energy and reduce emissions by changing their lifestyle

B．Japanese often don’t have nutritious breakfast

C．Japanese prefer to wear short—sleeved shirts in summer

D．Yoga is very popular with the old Japanese

小题5:.. What is the main idea of the passage?

A．The Japanese government has launched the Cool Business campaign．

B．What can we do to cut carbon emissions?

C．Change your lifestyle and you can become healthy．

D．Japanese are encouraged to go to bed an hour early to cut carbon emissions．

答案

小题1:. C
小题1:.B
小题1:.C
小题1:.A
小题1:.D

解析

略

举一反三

Just 25 years ago, the top three career hopes for young people in Britain were teacher, banker and doctor. Now, they want to be sports star, pop star and actor, according to a survey by the Guardian newspaper.
Rachel, a character in the popular TV show Glee, may be said to speak for British teenagers. “Nowa

days being nobody is worse than being poor.” He said.
Emma Brockes, a reporter with the Guardian, believes it is “the bad influence of celebrity(名人) culture” that is to blame. “When children wanted to be doctor, it wasn’t because they were really more interested in the functions of human organs than they are now; you go where the respect is.” She wrote.
It could explain why there has been such an increase in levels of anxiety and depression. Dr Carlo Stranger, of Tel Aviv University, studied the sense of self for his new book The Fear of Insignificance: Searching for Meaning in the 21^st Century. He told the Daily Mail that young people now are “affected by the close connection to the global entertainment network, which has turned ranking and rating people according to wealth and celebrity into an obsession(痴迷).”
“As humans, we naturally measure ourselves to those around us, but now we live in a global village. We are comparing ourselves with the most ‘important’ people in the world and finding ourselves wanting…” he said. Today, even high achievers constantly fear that they are insignificant when they compare themselves to success stories in the media.
The way out? Simply stop measuring your achievement through a fantasy of wealth and celebrity. Dr Strenger said that it is a process called “active self-acceptance through a constant search for self-knowledge through life.”
“The fear of insignificance can only be overcome through strong individual and cultural identity over and above measurable achievement,” he said.
小题1:.Nowadays, young people in Britain want to .

A．choose jobs based on interests	B．become famous
C．be teacher, banker and doctor	D．earn more money

小题2:.．According to Emma Brockes, what causes the increasing level of anxiety?

A．Choices of future careers.	B．Access to the global network.
C．Bad influences of celebrities.	D．Endless comparison with others.

小题3:.．Which of the following is true of Dr Carlo Strenger?

A．He is a newspaper reporter.	B．He is the spokesman of teenagers.
C．He tells success stories on TV.	D．He is against ranking people with wealth.

小题4:.．Dr Carlo Strenger suggests that young people should .

A．seek active self-acceptance	B．stick to their own dreams
C．make great achievements	D．search for the secret of wealth

小题5:.The text is mainly written to .

A．talk about job choices	B．analyse a social phenomenon
C．encourage celebrity culture	D．introduce three famous people

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The whole world was talking about Octopus(章鱼)Paul Allen since it had a 100％correct prediction record of the matches，including Germany in the ongoing FIFA World Cup 2010.The question was whether there be a prediction of the grand final, since it did not include Germany.
The answer to that much awaited question is yes. Celebrity Octopus Paul Allen does have a winner. It has picked Spain over Holland to lift the wishful prize. In a live television show all over Europe, Paul picked out a mussel(蚌)from the tank with the Spanish flag, ignoring the tank that had the Dutch flag. This means the prediction is that Spain will be FIFA World Cup 2010 champion．Regarding the place 3 and 4 playoff, Octopus Paul A11en has predicted that Germany will beat Uruguay to take the 3 rd place, which was right.
Octopus Paul Allen has become a worldwide celebrity after it has predicted with 100％ accuracy all of Germany’s World Cup games’ outcomes. It even stopped critics and experts when it correctly predicted a Serbia win over the strong Germans. Much to the sorrow of German fans，it also rightly predicted Spain having an advantage over Germany in the semifinals. And when this came true，there were many calls from angry and sad Germans fans to kill and eat it．Now let’s wait and see if this f

inal prediction by Octopus Paul Allen comes true and its 100％accuracy record stays the same．It goes without saying. Spain will be smiling, at least right now!
小题1: Octopus Paul Allen became a hot topic because__________.

A．it predicted records of FIFA World Cup 2010 matches correctly

B．it was the mascot of FIFA World Cup 2010

C．it took part in the game with Germany and other teams

D．it lent a helping hand to Germany to win the game

小题2: From the second paragraph we know that the third place in FIFA World Cup 2010 was______.

A．Spain

B．Holland

C．Germany

D．Uruguay

小题3:. According to the passage, when this news is released,_______.

A．FIFA World Cup 2010 has come to an end

B．Spain has already beaten Germany in the semifinals

C．Spain has already won the World Cup 2010 champion

D．the sad German fans have killed Octopus Paul Allen

小题4:. By saying “It goes without saying”, the writer means_______.

A．Spain will be FIFA World Cup 2010 champion

B．Octopus Paul Allen won’t predict anything in the future

C．Octopus Paul Allen will surely leave

D．everything goes on well

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The iPhone, the iPad: each of Apple’s products sounds cool and has become a fad(一时的风尚). Apple has cleverly taken advantage of the power of the letter “i” —and many other brands are following suit. The BBC’s iPlayer —which allows Web users to watch TV programs on the Internet —adopted the title in 2008. A lovely bear —popular in the US and UK—that plays music and video is called “iTeddy”.
A slimmed-down version of London’s Independent newspaper was launched last week under the name “i”.
In general, single-letter prefixes(前缀) have been popular since the 1990s, when terms such as e-mail and e-commerce first came to use..
Most “i” products are targeted at young people and considering the major readers of Independent’s “i”, it’s no surprise that they’ve selected this fashionable name.
But it’s hard to see what’s so special about the letter “i”. Why not use “a”, “b”, or “c” instead? According to Tony Thorne, head of the Language Center at King’s College. London, “i” works because its meaning has become ambiguous. When Apple uses “i”, no one knows whether it means Internet, information, individual or interactive, Thorne told BBC Magazines.” Even when Apple created the iPod, it seems it didn’t have one clear definition,” he says.
“However, thanks

to Apple, the term is now associated with portability(轻便),” adds Thorne.
Clearly the letter “i” also agrees with the idea that the Western World is centered on the individual. Each person believes they have their own needs, and we love personalized products for this reason.
Along with “Google” and “blog”, readers of BBC Magazines voted “i” as one of the top 20 words that have come to define the last decade.
But as history shows, people grow tired of fads. From the 1900s to 1990s, products with “2000” in their names became fashionable as the year was associated with all things advanced and modern. However, as we entered the new century, the trend inevitably disappeared.
( ) 小题1:. People use iPlayer to .

A．listen to music	B．make a call
C．watch TV programs online	D．read newspapers

( ) 小题2:. We can infer that the Independent’s “i” is aimed at .

A．young readers

B．old readers

C．fashionable women

D．engineers

( ) 小题3:. The underlined word “ambiguous” means .

A．popular

B．uncertain

C．definite

D．unique

( )小题4:. Nowadays, the “i” term often reminds people of the products which are .

A．portable

B．environmentally friendly

C．advanced

D．recyclable

( ) 小题5:.. The writer suggests that .

A．“i” products are often of a high quality

B．the popularity of “i” products may not last long

C．the letter “b” replaces letter “i” to name the products

D．iTeddy is a live bear

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In Daniel Gilbert’s 2006 book "Stumbling(跌撞) on Happiness," the Harvard professor of psychology looks at several studies and concludes that marital(婚姻的) satisfaction decreases after the birth of the first child and increases only when the last child has left home. He also declares that parents are happier grocery shopping and even sleeping than spending time with their kids.
The most recent comprehensive study on the emotional state of those with kids shows us that the term "bundle of joy" may not be the most accurate way to describe our kids. "Parents experience lower levels of emotional well-being, less frequent positive emotions and more frequent negative emotions than their childless peers," says Florida State University’s Robin Simon, a sociology professor.
Simon received plenty of hate mail in response to her research，which isn’t surprising. Her findings shake the very foundation of what we’ve been raised to believe is true. In a recent NEWSWEEK Poll, 50 percent of Americans said that adding new children to the family tends to increase happiness levels. But which parent is willing to admit that the greatest gift life has to offer has in fact made his or her life less enjoyable?
Is it possible that American parents have always been this disillusioned(有幻觉的)? In pre-industrial America, parents certainly loved their children, but their kids also served a purpose—to work the farm, contribute to the household. Today, we have kids more for emotional reasons, but an increasingly complicated work and social environment has made finding satisfaction far more difficult. Raising children has not only become more complicated, it has become more expensive as well. The National Marriage Project’s 2006 report says that parents have significantly lower marital satisfaction than nonparents because they experienced more single and child-free years than previous generations.
As for those of us with kids, all the news isn’t bad. Parents still report feeling a greater sense of purpose and meaning in their lives than those who’ve never had kids. And there are other rewarding aspects of parenting that are impossible to quantify.
小题1:.
What’s the main idea of the book Stumbling on Happiness?

A．Parents are happier shopping than looking after their children.

B．Once they have children, the couples can never be as happy as before.

C．Compared with their childless peers, parents are leading a sad life.

D．The adding of children at home brings down marital satisfaction.

小题2:.
. What can we infer from Para.3?

A．The Newsweek Poll shows that people think Prof. Simon’s finding is right.

B．Many people can’t accept the fact that they are not happy with their children.

C．It isn’t surprising that Professor Simon’s controversial research made her famous.

D．Simon’s findings are based on the belief passed down from generation to generation.

小题3:.
What can we learn about American’s families in the past?

A．People had very good parents-children relationship in the family.

B．Having children could be partly out of some practical purposes.

C．Parents loved their children but they still asked them to work a lot.

D．Children had to work very hard to make their parents love them.

小题4:.
What’s the author’s opinion about having children?

A．The author doesn’t think having children is a good thing to the family.

B．The author feels children make the life of a family happy.

C．The author thinks parenting can still be rewarding in a certain way.

D．The author believes that parents sacrifice a lot for having children.

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What’s your dream vacation? Watching wildlife in Kenya? Boating down the Amazon? Sunbathing in Malaysia? New chances are opening up all the time to explore the world. So we visit travel agents, compare packages and prices, and pay our money.
We know what our vacation costs us. But do we know what it might cost someone else? It’s true that many poorer countries now depend on tourism for foreign income. Unfortunately, though, tourism often harms the local people more than it helps them.
It might cost their homes and lands. In Myanmar, 5,200 people were forced to leave their homes among the pagodas（佛塔）in Bagan so that tourists could visit the pagodas.
Tourism might also cost the local people their livelihood a

nd dignity. Local workers often find only menial（卑微的）jobs in the tourist industry. And most of the profits do not help the local economy. Instead, profits return to the tour operators in wealthier countries. When the Maasai people in Tanzania were driven from their lands, some moved to city slums. Others now make a little money selling souvenirs or posing for photos.
Problems like these were observed more than 20 years ago. But now some non-government organizations, tour operators and local governments are working together to begin correcting them. Tourists, too, are putting on the pressure.
The result is responsible tourism, or“ethical tourism.”Ethical tourism has people at its heart. New international agreements and codes of conduct can help protect the people’s lands, homes, economies and cultures. The beginnings are small, though, and the problems are complex.
But take heart. The good news is that everyone, including us, can play a part to help the local people in the places we visit. Tour operators and companies can help by making sure that local people work in good conditions and earn reasonable wages.
They can make it a point to use only locally owned hotels, restaurants and guide services. They can share profits fairly to help the local economy. And they can involve the local people in planning and managing tourism.
What can tourists do? First, we can ask tour companies to provide information about the conditions of local citizens. We can then make our choices and tell them

why. And while we’re abroad, we can:
★Buy local foods and products, not imported ones.
★Pay a fair price for goods and services and not bargain for the cheapest price.
★Avoid flaunting(炫耀) wealth.
★Ask before taking photographs of people. They are not just part of the landscape! Let’s enjoy our vacation and make sure others do, too.
小题1:.
．What is probably the best title for the article?

A．Tourism Causes Bad Effects	B．Tourism Calls for Good Behavior
C．Vacations Bring a Lot of Fun	D．Vacations Cost More Than You Think

小题2:.
The underlined phrase“take heart”means“ ”.

A．pay attention

B．take care

C．cheer up

D．calm down

小题3:.
According to the passage, the writer thinks .

A．tourism is not a promising industry.

B．dream vacations should be spent abroad

C．the problems caused by tourism are easy to settle.

D．tourists should respect local customs and culture

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