阅读理解。 For the first time the workforce has seen more women than men-a histor
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| 阅读理解。 |
For the first time the workforce has seen more women than men-a historic decline (下降) caused by long-
term changes in women"s roles and lots of job losses for men during this decline.
Women hold 50.83% of the nation"s 132 million jobs this month and they"re gaining the vast majority of jobs
in the few parts of the economy that are growing, according to the most recent numbers from Mr. Hartman, a
workforce researcher. That"s a record high for a measure that"s been growing steadily for decades and speeding
during the decline. At the current speed, women will become a majority of workers next two months.
According to the report, women have struggled long and hard to get to this point, and the change reflects the
growing importance of women as salary earners, but it doesn"t show full equality, because women work fewer
hours than men and hold more part-time jobs and earn 77% of what men make on average. Men still control
higher-paying positions.
Women have been a growing share of the once heavily male labor force for nearly a century, recording
shocking increases in events such as World War II. This time, the improvement came from a sharp decline that
has been cruel on male-controlled professions such as construction and manufacturing.
The only growing parts of the economy like health care, education and government have traditionally hired
mostly women. This kind of control has increased in the past because the money added by government has been
usually directed to education, health care and state and local government offices.
The increased number in local government"s 14.6 million-person workforce is especially remarkable. Cities,
schools, water authorities and other government offices have cut 86,000 men from payrolls (工资名单) during
the decline, while adding 167,000 women, according to the research report.
Equality in workforce numbers reflects a long-term cultural change, says Maureen Honey, author of a book
about the government"s efforts to persuade women to work outside the home during World War II. "The image
that men have to be the bread winner has changed," Maureen Honey says. |
| 1. What happens to the workforce during this decline? |
A. Women take most jobs in the economy.
B. Men take up the most important jobs.
C. A large number of men got unemployed.
D. Women have got full equality as men. |
| 2. What does Mr. Hartman think of women working fewer hours than men? |
A. It"s because women have to do part-time jobs.
B. It"s due to men"s control of higher-paying jobs.
C. It reflects women"s-financial importance in family.
D. It shows women haven"t got their equal share yet. |
| 3. During World War II, the women workforce _____. |
A. increased sharply and obviously
B. decreased suddenly and quickly
C. took over the male-controlled jobs
D. made a record-high employment rate |
| 4. The passage mainly explains the point that _____. |
A. equality in workforce number is a cultural issue
B. women will soon become a majority of workers
C. women should not be limited at their home
D. the decline has perfectly changed the workforce |
答案
| 1-4: C D A B |
举一反三
| 阅读理解。 |
Car sharing is another way to drive green which is gaining in popularity, especially in urban areas. People
who may not drive every day but still want a car to run errands (差事) or drive on weekends benefit most
from car sharing. Car sharing is usually run by a service like Zipcar, though there are nonprofit (非营利的)
and informal car sharing services. Members pay a monthly fee and have access to an entire fleet of cars when
they need one. The cars are parked in fixed spots around the city, so members only need to make a reservation,
and then go to the pick up spot.
Car sharing has major environmental benefits because it reduces the number of cars on the road. Members
don"t drive just because they are in a car. They plan trips, and if they don"t need a car, they don"t use one. Still,
a car is available to them if they need to make a big trip to the grocery store, pick someone up at the airport or
if they want to go to the beach for the day. Members also benefit by having access to a car without any of the
headaches of ownership. They usually don"t have to pay for the gas, insurance or maintenance (保养), and the
monthly membership fee is less than a typical car payment. So if you really want to go green but aren"t ready
to totally give up a car yet, car sharing may be the way to go.
If you still need to get around, but want to go even greener than sharing a car, share a bus! |
| 1. The author intends to tell us that car sharing ____. |
A. has become the most popular way to go to work
B. has become the best way to cut living costs
C. is becoming more and more popular in cities
D. is becoming popular both in urban and rural (乡村的) areas |
| 2. We can learn from the passage that ____. |
A. Zipcar can"t help you if you are running urgent errands
B. Zipcar, different from other services, is aimed at green driving with no profit
C. Zipcar is a company supplying car sharing services for a monthly payment
D. Zipcar is a company providing formal car sharing free |
| 3. The second paragraph mainly tells us ____. |
A. why people will share a car
B. why car sharing benefits the environment
C. why car sharing is cheaper than owning a car
D. why a car is available to members |
| 4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? |
A. Car sharing has become a new trend (趋势).
B. Car sharing can save you the headaches of ownership.
C. Bus sharing is even greener than car sharing.
D. Zipcar is the largest company offering car sharing services. |
| 阅读理解。 |
When I was 13, my bedroom walls were covered with posters of the Monkees and Beatles. I wrote fan
letters and daydreamed about meeting the objects of my affections. I begged my parents to attend every rock
concert and watch every TV show featuring my favorite celebrities (名人) ; my friends and I discussed for
hours all the things we would say and do when we met our favorite movie stars and pop singers. I drove my
mother crazy! But after a few years, my obsession (迷恋) stars faded as I matured and gained the confidence
to socialize with "real" boys.
In the 35 years since I was a teenager, celebrity worship (崇拜) has increased among teens due to the
explosion of television celebrity gossip shows, and instant access to celebrity news on the Internet. It"s no
wonder that many teens are obsessed with stars when news programs often are filled with entertainment
stories and the lives of celebrities.
Celebrity worship syndrome (综合征) is now considered a personality disorder. While it is normal for
teenagers to follow the lives of their favorite stars, parents should try to monitor everything their child finds
interesting. Parents should take action if they suspect a teen is too obsessed with celebrities and showing little
interest in school or withdrawing from the family.
When teens talk a lot about celebrities and view them as just means of entertainment, this is considered
normal celebrity worship. However, when a teenager is obsessed with a star and often expresses a desire to
have a close personal relationship with a celebrity or feels they have a special connection to a star, this may
be the time for concern. Recent studies have shown that teens who develop an unhealthy obsession with
celebrities often suffer from low self confidence and depression. Teens who are overly obsessed with stars
often have damaged relationships with their parents. |
| 1. The first paragraph is intended to tell us ____. |
A. it"s normal for a teen to have celebrity worship
B. celebrity worship can cause serious problems
C. parents needn"t worry about celebrity worship
D. celebrity worship only exists among teens |
| 2. We learn from the second paragraph that ____. |
A. teens today are not so obsessed with celebrities
B. the author is surprised at celebrity worship
C. the media greatly contributes to celebrity worship today
D. celebrities expose their lives too much |
| 3. Parents should become concerned when their children ____. |
A. talk a lot about celebrities with others
B. put up celebrity posters in their bedrooms
C. ask to go to their favorite star"s concert
D. desire a close personal relationship with their favorite star |
| 4. The last paragraph implies that ____. |
A. parents should not care too much about a child"s celebrity worship
B. celebrity worship syndrome can be a serious problem if left overlooked
C. children can normally get out of celebrity worship when they are older
D. children with celebrity worship usually have high opinion of themselves |
| 5. What is most likely to be talked about in the paragraph following the passage? |
A. The harm of celebrity worship syndrome.
B. More signs of celebrity worship syndrome.
C. What to do with children"s celebrity worship syndrome.
D. Who will suffer most from celebrity worship syndrome. |
| 阅读理解。 |
I heard many parents complaining that their teenage children are rebelling. I wish it were so. At your age
you ought to be growing away from your parents. You should be learning to stand on your own two feet.
But take a good look at the present rebellion. It seems that teenagers are taking the same way of showing that
they disagree with their parents. Instead of striking out boldly on their own, most of them are clutching (紧
握) at one another"s hands for reassurance.
They claim they want to dress as they please. But they all wear the same clothes. They set off in new
directions in music. But somehow they all end up huddled (聚在一起) round listening to the same record.
Their reason for thinking or acting in thus-and-such a way is that the crowd is doing it. They have come
out of their cocoon (蚕茧) into a larger cocoon.
It has become harder and harder for a teenager to stand up against the popularity wave and to go his or
her own way. Industry has firmly carved out a teenage market. These days every teenager can learn from
the advertisements what a teenager should have and be. And many of today"s parents have come to award
high marks for the popularity of their children. All this adds up to a great barrier for the teenager who wants
to find his or her own path.
But the barrier is worth climbing over. The path is worth following. You may want to listen to classical
music instead of going to a party. You may want to collect rocks when everyone else is collecting records.
You may have some thoughts that you don"t care to share at once with your classmates. Well, go to it.
Find yourself. Be yourself. Popularity will come-with the people who respect you for who you are. That
is the only kind of popularity that really counts. |
| 1. In this passage, the author wants to tell ____. |
A. readers to try to be popular with people around
B. teenagers to try to pursue their real selves
C. parents to try to control and guide their children
D. people to try to understand and respect each other |
| 2. The author disapproves of rebelling teenagers ____. |
A. growing away from their parents
B. turning to their friends for help
C. walking a new way on their own
D. following the popularity trend |
| 3. The phrase "a larger cocoon" in the second paragraph refers to ____. |
A. the distractive and variable society
B. the popularity wave in the society
C. the parental care and love
D. the dazzling music world |
| 4. What does the author think of advertisements? |
A. Convincing.
B. Instructive.
C. Influential.
D. Authoritative. |
5. According to the author, what might happen when a teenager stands up against the popularity wave
and follows his/her own path? |
A. He/She gains valuable popularity.
B. He/She loses good friends.
C. He/She faces all kinds of criticism.
D. He/She falls behind the time. |
语法填空。
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用
括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在标号为1-10的相应位置上。 |
As we all know, games play a very important role in the growth of children. Children should grow along
with playing games; 1_____ playing games, they can not only acquire knowledge, but also cultivate their
abilities to get along with others.
However, most children are 2_____ (face) with a completely different situation. Most parents fear that
games will prevent children from increasing new knowledge and 3_____ the children will fail in the future
examinations. So, instead of 4_____ (let) the children themselves find and learn naturally from their
surroundings, they force their children to take part in 5_____ (variety) kinds of classes, learning English,
playing 6_____ piano or practising drawing, etc. What"s more, some parents put 7_____ the children"s toys
which are very useful in developing children"s imagination and practical abilities.
8_____ is a piece of good advice to those parents: 9_____ you want to expect your child to be able to
accomplish something, you must first of all develop his ability to adapt to the new surroundings. That
cramming education can lead to nothing 10_____ a failure in the children"s growth. |
| 阅读理解。 |
Nowadays people are troubled by the violence that spreads throughout the media. Movies, television and
video games are full of gunplay and bloodshed, and one might reasonably ask what"s wrong with a, society
that presents videos of violence as entertainment.
Viewing large amounts of violent television and video games may well contribute to violent behavior in
certain individuals. The trouble comes when researchers downplay uncertainties in their studies or overstate
the case for causality (因果关系). Skeptics (怀疑论者) were dismayed several years ago when a group of
societies including, the American Medical Association tried to end the debate by issuing a joint statement,"
At this time, well over l,000 studies... point to a causal connection between media violence and aggressive
behaviors (攻击性行为) in some children."
Freedom-of-speech advocates accused the societies of appealing to politicians, and even disputed the
number of studies (most were review articles and essays, they said). When Jonathan Freedman, a social
psychologist at the University of Toronto, reviewed the literature, he found only 200 0r so studies of television-
watching and aggression. And when he weeded out "the most doubtful measures of aggression", only 28%
supported a connection.
The critical point here is causality. The alarmists say they have proved that violent media cause aggression.
But the assumptions behind their observations need to be examined. When labeling games as violent or non-
violent, should a hero eating a ghost really be counted as a violent event? And when experimenters record the
time it takes game players to read "aggressive" or "non-aggressive" words from a list, can we be sure what
they are actually measuring? The intention of the new Harvard Center on Media and Child Health to collect and
standardize studies of media violence in order to compare their methodologies, assumptions and conclusions
is an important step in the right direction.
Another appropriate step would be to tone down the criticism until we know more. Several researchers
write, speak and testify quite a lot on the threat posed by violence in the media. That is, of course, their
privilege. But when doing so, they often come out with statements that the matter has now been settled,
drawing criticism from colleagues. In response, the alarmists accuse critics and news reporters of being
deceived by the entertainment industry. Such clashes help neither science nor society. |
| 1. Why is there so much violence shown in movies, TV and video games? |
A. There is a lot of violence in the real world today.
B. Something has gone wrong with today"s society.
C. Many people are fond of gunplay and bloodshed.
D. Showing violence is thought to be entertaining. |
| 2. What is the skeptics" view of media violence? |
A. Violence on television is a fairly accurate reflection of real- world life.
B. A causal relationship exists between media and real-world violence.
C. Most studies overstate the effect of media violence on the viewers.
D. The influence of media violence on children has been underestimated. |
| 3. The author uses the term "alarmists" to refer to those who _____. |
A. use standardized measures in the studies of media violence
B. insist on a direct link between violent media and aggressive behavior
C. initiate the debate over the influence of violence media on reality
D. use appropriate methodology in examining aggressive behavior |
| 4. What does the writer think of the debate concerning the relationship between the media and violence? |
A. He more than agrees with the views held by the alarmists.
B. It should come to an end since the matter has now been settled.
C. The past studies in this field have proved to be misleading.
D. More studies should be conducted before conclusions are drawn. |
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