Many people believe Henry Ford invented the automobile (汽车). But Henry Ford did
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Many people believe Henry Ford invented the automobile (汽车). But Henry Ford did not start to build his first car until 1896. That was eleven years after two Germans developed the world"s first automobile. Many people believe Henry Ford invented the production line that moved a car"s parts to the worker, instead of making the worker move to the parts. That is not true, either. Many factory owners used methods of this kind before Ford. What Henry Ford did was to use other people"s ideas and make them better. And he made the whole factory a moving production line.
In the early days of the automobile, almost every car maker raced his cars. It was the best way of gaining public notice. Henry Ford decided to build a racing car. Ford"s most famous race was his first one. It was also the last race in which he drove the car himself.
The race was in 1901, at a field near Detroit. All of the most famous cars had entered, but only two were left: the Winton and Ford"s. The Winton was famous for its speed. Most people thought the race was over before it began.
The Winton took an early lead. But halfway through the race, it began to lose power. Ford started to gain. And near the end of the race, he took the lead. Ford won the race and defeated the Winton. His name appeared in newspapers and he became well-known all over the United States. Within weeks of the race, Henry Ford formed a new automobile company. In the 1903, a doctor in Detroit bought the first car from the company. That sale was the beginning of Henry Ford"s dream. Ford said: "I will build a motor car for the great mass of people. It will be large enough for the family, but small enough for one person to operate and care for. It will be built of the best materials. It will be built by the best men to be employed. And it will be built with the simplest plans that modem engineering can produce. It will be so low in price that no man making good money will be unable to own one."
The Model T was a car of that kind. It only cost $850. It was a simple machine that drivers could depend on. Doctors bought the Model T. So did farmers. Even criminals.They considered it the fastest and surest form of transportation. Americans loved the Model T. They wrote stories and songs about it. Thousands of Model T"s were built in the first few years.
小题1:
What do we know about Henry Ford from Paragraph 1?| A．He made good use of ideas from others. | | B．He produced the first car in the world. | | C．He knew how to improve auto parts. | | D．He invented the production line. |
小题2:
Why did Henry Ford take part in the 1901 car race? | A．To show off his driving skills. | | B．To draw public attention. | | C．To learn about new technology. | | D．To raise money for his new company. |
小题3:
“That sale” in Paragraph 4 refers to .| A．the selling of Ford cars at reduced prices | | B．the sale of Model T to the mass of people | | C．the selling of a car to a Detroit doctor | | D．the sales target for the Ford Company |
小题4:
What was Henry Ford"s dream according to the text? | A．Producing cars for average customers. | | B．Building racing cars of simple design. | | C．Designing more car models. | | D．Starting more companies. |
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答案
小题1:A
小题2:B
小题3:C
小题4:A |
解析
小题1:细节题。由文章What Henry Ford did was to use other people"s ideas and make them better.可选A。
小题2: 细节题。由文章第3段The Winton was famous for its speed. Most people thought the race was over before it began.可得出 B。
小题3:猜测词义，有上文In the 1903, a doctor in Detroit bought the first car from the company.可知。
小题4:细节题，由I will build a motor car for the great mass of people可选A。 |
举一反三
Driving a Car is not just handing controls and judging speed and distance, it requires you to predict what other road users will do and get ready to react to something unexpected. When alcohol is consumed, it enters your bloodstream and acts as a depressant(抑制药), damaging eyesight, judgment and co-ordination（协调）,slowing down reaction time and greatly increasing the risk of accidents. Even below the drink driving limit, driving will be affected.
Alcohol may take a few minutes to be absorbed into the bloodstream and start action on the brain. Absorption rate is increased when drinking on an empty stomach or when consuming drinks mixed with fruit juice. To get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process and it is not possible to speed it up with any measures like a shower or having a cup of tea or coffee.
The present traffic ordinance states clearly that the limit of alcohol concentration is:
●50 milligrams of alcohol per l00ml of blood; or
●22 milligrams of alcohol per l00ml of breath; or
●67 milligrams of alcohol per l00ml of urine(尿液)
Drivers who cause traffic accidents, or who commit a moving traffic offence or are being suspected of drink driving will be tested.
Any drive found drinking beyond the limit will be charged. The driver declared guilty may be fined a maximum of HK﹩25,000 and be sentenced to up to 3 years in prison and punished for 10 driving-offence points; or temporarily banned from driving.
The same punishment applies to failing to provide specimens (样本) far breath, blood or urine tests without good excuse.
Drink driving is a criminal offence. Be a responsible, driver, think before you drink. For the safety of yourself and other road users, never drive after consuming alcohol.
小题1:The first paragraph is mainly about_____________.| A．the introductions of driving skills | B．the damage of drinking to your body | | C．the effect of drinking on driving | D．the process of alcohol being absorbed |
小题2:The underlined word ”it” in the second paragraph refers to “____”．| A．alcohol | B．absorption | C．blood | D．process |
小题3: which of me following is TRUE according to the passage?| A．Drinking below the drink driving limit has no effect on driving. | | B．Alcohol is taken in more quickly when drunk with fruit juice. | | C．Having a cup of tea helps to get rid of alcohol from the body. | | D．50milligrams of alcohol per l00ml of breath is below the drink driving limit. |
小题4: A driver suspected of drink driving ____.| A．should provide specimens for testing | | B．will be forbidden to drive for 3 years | | C．will be punished for 10 driving-offence points | | D．should pay a maximum fine of HK$25,000 |
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The internet will open up new vistas (前景), create the global village —you can make new friends all around the world .That, at least, is what it promised us. The difficulty is that it did not take the human mind into account. The reality is that we cannot keep relationships with more than a limited number of people. No matter how hard the internet tries to put you in communication, its best efforts will be defeated human mind.
The problem is twofold（双重的）.First, there is a limit on the number of people we can hold in mind and have a meaningful relationship with. That number is about 150 and is set by the size of our brain. Second, the quality of your relationships depends on the amount of time you invest（投入）in them. We invest a lot in a small number of people and then distribution what’s left among as many others as we can. The problem is that if we invest little time in a person, our engagement with that person will decline（减弱）until eventually it dies into “someone I once knew”.
This is not, of course, to say that the internet doesn’t serve a socially valuable function. Of course it does. But the question is not that it allows you to increase the size of your social circle to include the rest of the world, but that you can keep your relationships with your existing friends going even though you have to move to the other side of the world.
In one sense, that’s a good thing. But it also has a disadvantage. If you continue to invest in your old friends even though you can no longer see then, then certainly you aren’t using your time to make new friends where you now live. And I suspect that probably isn’ t the best use of your time. Meaningful relationships are about being able to communicate with each other, face to face. The internet will slow down the rate with which relationships end, but it won’t stop that happening eventually.
小题1:What is stressed in the first paragraph?| A．The present situation of the internet. | | B．The difficulty in communication on the internet. | | C．The socially valuable function of the internet. | | D．The role of the human mind in the internet communication. |
小题2:The underlined word “engagement” in the second paragraph probably means “ ”.| A．appointment | B．connection | C．interview | D．agreement |
小题3: According to the passage, the author holds the view that .| A．the internet fails to play so valuable a role in communication as it promised | | B．the Internet determines the quality of social relationships | | C．the internet greatly increases the size of social circles | | D．the internet communication is no less effective than the face-to-face talk |
小题4: What is the author’s attitude towards the use of the internet to strengthen relationships?| A．He is uncertain about it. | B．He is hopeful of it | | C．He approves of it | D．He doubts it |
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Submission Guidelines
Before sending us a manuscript（稿件）, look through recent issues（刊物）of the Post to get an idea of the range and style of articles we publish. You will discover that our focus has broadened to include well-researched, timely and informative articles on finance, home improvement, travel, humor, and many other fields.
The Post’s goal is to remain unique, with content that provides additional understandings on the ever-evolving American scene.
In addition to feature-length（专题长度的）articles, the Post buys anecdotes, cartoons, and photos. Payment ranges from $25 to $400.
Our nonfiction needs include how-to, useful articles on gardening, pet care and training, financial planning, and subjects of interest to a 45-plus, home-loving readership. For nonfiction articles, indicate any special qualifications you have for writing about the subject, especially scientific material. Include one or two published pieces with your article. We prefer typed articles between 1000 and 2000 words in length. We encourage you to send both printed and online versions.
We also welcome new fiction. A light, humorous touch is appreciated. We are always in need of straight humor articles. Make us laugh , and we’ll buy it.
Feature articles average about 1000 to 2000 words. We like positive, fresh angles to Post articles, and we ask that they be thoroughly researched.
We normally respond to article submissions within six weeks. You are free to submit the article elsewhere at the same time.
Please submit all articles to Features Editor, The Saturday Evening Post, 1100 Waterway Boulevard, Indianapolis, IN 46202, (317)634-1100.
小题1:
Before sending a manuscript to the Post, a contributor is advised to .| A．get a better understanding of American issues | | B．find out the range of the articles in the post | | C．increase his knowledge in many fields | | D．broaden his research focus |
小题2:
to submit nonfiction articles，a contributor must_____.| A．provide his special qualification | | B．be a regular reader of the post | | C．produce printed version | | D．be over 45 year old |
小题3:
from the passage we can learn that the post | A．allows article submission within six weeks | | B．favor science articles within 2，000 words | | C．have a huge demand for humorous works | | D．prefers nonfiction to fiction article |
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Students and Technology in the Classroom
I love my blackberry—it’s my little connection to the larger world that can go anywhere with me . I also love my laptop computer ，as it holds all of my writing and thought .Despite this love of technology ,I know that there are times when I need to move away from these device and truly communication with others.On occasion ,I teach a course called History Matters for a group of higher education managers. My goals for the class include a full discussion of historical themes and ideas .Because I want students to thoroughly study the material and exchange their ideas with each other in the classroom ,I have a rule —no laptop ,ipads ,phones ,etc .When students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy .
Most students assume that year reasons for this rule include unpleasant experiences in the past with students misusing technology . There’s a bit of truth to that.Some students assume that I am anti-technology . There’s no truth in that at all . I love technology and try to keep up with it so I relate to my students.
The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversions and truly engage complex ideas. Interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas . I want students to think differently and make connections between the course the material and the class discussion .
I’ve been teaching my history class in this way for many years and the educations reflect student satisfaction with the environment that I create .Students realize that with deep conversation and challenge , they learn at a level that helps them keep the course material beyond the classroom .
I’m not saying that I won’t ever change my mind about technology use in my history class, but until I hear a really good reason for the change ,I’m sticking to my plan. a few hours of technology-free dialogue is just too give up.
小题1:
some of the students in the history class were unhappy with____| A．the course material | B．others’ misuse of technology | | C．discussion topics | D．the author’s class regulator |
小题2:
the underlined word “engage ”in para.4 probably means ____| A．explore | B．accept | C．change | D．reject |
小题3:
according to the author ,the use of technology in the classroom may ____| A．keep students from doing independent thinking | | B．encourage students to have in-depth conversations | | C．help students to better understand complex themes | | D．affect students’ concentration on course evaluation |
小题4:
it can be inferred from the last paragraph that the author ____| A．is quite stubborn | | B．will give up teaching history | | C．will change his teaching plan soon | | D．values technology-free dialogues in his class |
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As the railroads and the highways shaped the American West in the past centuries, a new electhical generating（发电）and transmission（输送）systen for the 21th century will leave a lasting mark on the West, for better or worse. Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery, but in the ways that they affect the suurouding community. The same is true of big solar ppants and the power lines that will be laid dowm to move electricity around.
The 19th century saw land grants（政府拨地）offered to railroad companies to build the transcontinental railroads ,leaving public land in between privately owned land . In much of the west ,some of the railroad sections were developed while others remained undeveloped ,and in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management ,with the completion or the interstate highway system ,many of the small towns which sprang up as railway stops and developed well ,have lost their lifeblood and died .
Big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in the west .this is not an argument against building then ,we need alternative energy badly .and to really take advantage of it we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily than we can now .
So trade-offs will have to be made .some scenic sport will be sacrificed .some species (物种)will be forced to move ,or will be carefully moved to special accommodations ,deals will be struck to reduce the immediate effects .
The lasting effects of these trade-offs are another matter .the 21st century development of the American west as an ideal place for alternative energy is going to throw off a lot of power and money to do a lot of good .but it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind ,just like the railroad and the highway .
The money set aside in negotiated trade –offs and the institution that control will shape the west far beyond the immediate footprint of power plants and transmission lines .so let’s remember the effects of the railroad and the highways as we construct these new power plants in the west .
小题1:
what was the problem caused by the construction of the railways ?| A．small towns along the railways became abandoned . | | B．some railroad stops remained . | | C．land in the west was hard to manage . | | D．land grants went into private hands. |
小题2:
what is the major concern in the development of alternative energy according to the last two paragraphs ?| A．the transmission of power | B．the use of money and power | | C．the conservation of solar energy | D．the selection of an ideal place |
小题3:
what is the author ‘s attitude towards building solar plants ?| A．cautious | B．approving | C．doubtful | D．disapproving |
小题4:
which is the best title for the passage ?| A．how the railways have affected the west | | B．how solar energy could reshape the west | | C．how the effects of power plants can be reduced | | D．how the problems of the highways have been settled |
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