"The world"s oceans are slowly getting more acidic.”say scientists.The researche

"The world"s oceans are slowly getting more acidic.”say scientists.The researche

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"The world"s oceans are slowly getting more acidic.”say scientists.The researchers from California report that the change is taking place in response to higher levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
The lowering of the waters’pH value is not great at the moment but could cause a serious threat to current ocean life if it continues, they warn. Ken Caldeira and Michael Wickett, from the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, report their concerns in the journal Nature.
Increasing use of oil fuels means more carbon dioxide is going into the air, and most of it will eventually be absorbed by seawater. Once in the water, it reacts to form carbonic acid. Scientists believe that the oceans have already become slightly more acidic over the last century.
These researchers have tried to predict what will happen in the future by combining what we know about the history of the oceans with computer models of climate change."This level of acidity will get much more extreme in the future if we continue releasing COZ into the atmosphere," said Dr Caldeira. "And we predict the amount of future acidity will exceed(超过)anything we have seen over the last several hundred million years, let alone perhaps after rare disastrous events such as asteroid(小1j-%+."_) impacts.”
However, it is not absolutely clear what that means for ocean life.Most organisms live near the surface, where the greatest pH change would be expected to occur, but deep-ocean life forms may be more sensitive to pH changes.Coral reefs and other organisms whose shells contain calcium carbonate(小行星) may be particularly affected if the water"s acidity levels keep going up, the team predict. They could find it much more difficult to build these structures in water with a lower pH.
In recent years some people have suggested storing carbon dioxide from power stations in the deep ocean as a way of dealing with global warming.But Dr Caldeira said that such a strategy should now be re-considered. "Previously, most experts had looked at ocean absorption of carbon dioxide as a good thing一because in releasing CO2 into the atmosphere we warm the planet, and when CO2, is absorbed by the ocean, it reduces the amount of greenhouse warming.”
小题1:The ocean is becoming more acidic due to_.
A,the lower water pH value           B.the warming atmosphere
C .the higher level of COZ in the air     D.the increasing use of oil fuels
小题2:According to Dr Caldeira,_.
A.ocean absorption of carbon dioxide is a good thing
B.more oil fuels will be used in the near future
C.scientists may predict climate changes with computer models
D.the future situation of the amount of acidity is extremely serious
小题3:If the water"s acidity level keeps rising,_.
A.ocean life whose structures contain calcium carbonate may be affected
B.the waters’pH value will become higher and higher
C.organisms living near the surface are more sensitive to pH changes
D.some disastrous events will occur more often than before
小题4:Most experts once believed storing carbon dioxide in the ocean would reduce_.
A.the COZ absorbed by the ocean
B.the amount of greenhouse warming
C.the acidity of the ocean
D.the gradul release Of CO2
小题5:The purpose of this passage is to_.
A.show people the findings of a research team
B.inform people of how acid the ocean is now
C.introduce Dr Caldeira and his team"s research
D.warn people of the higher level of COZ

答案
小题1:C小题2:A小题3:D小题4:C小题5:B
解析

举一反三
I have never heard about a “Fashion Week” outside of New York, London or Milan. But then one just happens to turn up in Bishkek in Kyrgyzstan. Actually, I’m ignorant of all those countries in Central Asia, whose names are always ending in “stan.” For decades, even centuries, Central Asia has been out of focus, a blank on the map of empires. Just as the introduction from Turusbek Mamashov, from the Tourism agency of the president of the Kyrgyz Republic, says, “Throughout this Fashion Week project, we need to create a revolution in the minds of our people, preparing the country for the international tourism market. It is an opportunity as well as an investment.” What he says is right. If you just give it a glimpse (一瞥), you’ll find out that the flavor (风情) of the Silk Road is still there.
As part of the route for Silk Road traders and migrating tribes through its epic(史诗的) history, Kyrgyzstan, like other Central Asian countries, is a vast place of desert, grassland and mountain ranges. It is not widely known that Kyrgyzstan is the Tang Dynasty poet Li Bai’s birthplace.
Bishkek, the place holding Fashion Week, is the capital and industrial center of independent Kyrgyzstan. It is a relaxed, handsome place with wide streets and large amounts of greenery. Especially in the autumn of November, the yellow leaves falling everywhere make the whole city a legend in fall. The mountains are just at its rear, in that case a unique scene of picturesque beauty is composed by snow-white peaks, lakes and the urban Landscape.
Today, Ala-Too Square is the center of the poetic places worth seeing in Bishkek. The “White House,” the seat of the Kyrgyzstan Government, is just at the west of the square. Behind this is Panfilov Park, a great place to head for a national holiday. The State Museum of Fine Arts is opposite, which is also called the Gapar Aitiev Museum of Applied Arts, featuring Kyrgyz jewelry, rugs and works by local artists.
One of the joys besides the scenery is the openness of the people. Bishkek is a city without a big population but mainly good-natured people from many races, 47 percent are Russian and about a third are Kyrgyz. Most travelers vote Kyrgyzstan as the most appealing, accessible and welcoming of the former Soviet Central Asian republics. It is written by a tourist that Kyrgyzstan is the country Russians most desperately want to keep: hills always covered with grass and wild flowers. Kyrgyz men always ride a horse wearing a photogenic hat.
小题1:   According to the passage, Kyrgyzstan used to be ___________.
A.an international fashion centreB.an important part of Silk Road
C.the focus of the worldD.a vast desert land in Central Asia
小题2:   The Fashion Week in Bishkek is supposed to __________.
A.start a revolution in KyrgyzstanB.attract foreign investment to Kyrgyzstan
C.promote tourism in KyrgyzstanD.celebrate the independence of Kyrgyzstan
小题3:   Which of the statements is NOT ture according to the passage?
A.Bishkek is a crowded modern city surrounded by mountain ranges.
B.Panfilov Park is a popular destination for local people during holidays.
C.The majority of the population in Bishkek are Russian and Kyrgyz.
D.The famous poet Li Bai is thought to have been born in Kyrgyzstan.
小题4:   What is the most important message the author wants to convey in the passage?
A.Reflections and thoughts on the glorious history of the Silk Road.
B.Feelings about the ongoing Fashion Week project in Bishkek.
C.The geographic features and imposing history of Kyrgyzstan.
D.The natural and cultural characteristics and attractions in Kyrgyzstan.

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Shoppers throughout the West, wary(谨防的) of a double-dip recession(经济衰退), are still pinching their pennies. However, Chinese consumers are opening their wallets big time. According to Mckinsey, shop sales in China have grown by 25 per cent annually from 2007 to 2009. Consumer confidence is now at its highest point since 2007 and female shoppers are leading the way.
Chinese women saved just 24 per cent of their income, compared with 55 per cent in 2006, according to a recent study in the magazine Women of China. What’s more, three quarters of Chinese women say that they’re the ones who control the family purse strings, which means they are an “emerging powerhouse within the powerhouse” of China.
In the 1950s women contributed just 20 per cent of household income, which rose to about 40 per cent in the 1990s and then reached 50 per cent last year.
In a recent study of Chinese consumer behavior, Mckinsey found that women tend to shop more frequently than men, and spend more on personal-care products and food. Men, by contrast, tend to spend more of their income on gadgets(小玩意), drinks and alcohol, dining out, and socializing. They also tend to save for the bigger-ticket items, like cars and houses.
Chinese women make up an ever-growing small part of the market—up from 20 per cent a decade ago to 50 per cent last year. It’s estimated that in the next five years women will account for 55 per cent of the$9 billion market. “The future is female,” concludes a January HSBC report on special and expensive goods in China.
小题1:According to the passage, Chinese women ________.                     
A.save less of their income than before
B.are more cautious of spending their money
C.make as much money as men in the 1990s.
D.spend half income on expensive goods
小题2:The underlined phrase in the first paragraph probably refers to _______.      
A.saving more moneyB.making extra pay for food
C.meeting with economic problemsD.spending money in a wary way
小题3:Which of the following is true?
A.Chinese men go shopping more often than women
B.Chinese men spend more on personal-care products
C.Chinese men tend to save for the bigger-ticket items
D.Chinese men spent less on drinks and alcohol than women.
小题4: Which of the following can probably serve as the title of the passage?           
A.The Future is FemaleB.The Power of the Purse
C.Facing a Double-dip RecessionD.Chinese Women Going Shopping

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Scientists are trying to make the deserts into good land again. They want to bring water to the deserts, so people can live and grow food. They are learning a lot about the deserts. But more and more of the earth is becoming desert all the time. Scientists may not be able to change the desert in time.
Why is more and more land becoming desert? Scientists think that people make deserts. People are doing bad things to the earth.
Some places on the earth don’t get much rain. But they still don’t become deserts. This is because some green plants are growing there. Small green plants and grass are very important to dry places. Plants don’t let the sun make the earth even drier. Plants do not let the wind blow(吹) the dirt away. When a bit of rain falls, the plants hold the water. Without plants, the land can become desert more easily.
小题1: Deserts ________.
A.never have any plants or animals in them
B.can all be turned into good land before long
C.are becoming smaller and smaller
D.get very little rain
小题2: Small green plants are very important to dry places because __________.
A.they don’t let the sun make the earth even drier
B.they don’t let the wind blow the soil away
C.they hold water
D.All of the above.
小题3: After reading this passage, we learn that __________.
A.plants can keep dry land from becoming desert
B.it is good to get rid of the grass in the deserts
C.all places without much rain will become deserts
D.it is better to grow crops on dry land than to cut them

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The world is filled with many interesting sounds. Some are very pleasant to hear; others are unpleasant to our ears. In a day, you probably hear hundreds of different sounds.
All sounds are different. Some may be soft; others may be loud. Some sounds are high; others are low.
Some sounds are useful. Without sound we cannot talk or listen to one another. The ringing alarm clock (闹钟)makes people wake up. The hooting of a horn (喇叭声) on the road warns careless people of danger.
We make sounds by making things move to and fro(来回地). This to-and-fro movement is called vibration (振动). It means moving up and down or forwards(向前地) and backwards(向后的) very fast. This makes sound waves(波).
We can make sounds in many ways, for example, by shouting, clapping our hands and striking the table. We can make sounds only by making things vibrate. We can talk because we can make our vocal cords (声带) vibrate. Our vocal cords are in a sound box or voice box. Two vocal cords vibrate when our lungs(肺) force the air through them.
小题1:We can make sounds ______.
A.by making things still
B.by making things vibrate
C.by making things jump up and down
D.by changing the positions of things
小题2: Some sounds are useful because ______.
A.they can wake people up
B.they can warn people to be careful when they are crossing the road
C.they make it possible for people to talk or listen to each other
D.all of the above
小题3:When the air is through our vocal cords, it can make them ______.
A.vibrateB.breathe the air
C.talk to each otherD.move forward and backward
小题4:Sounds are different because ______.
A.different sounds have different vibrations
B.different sounds have different sound waves
C.different sounds have different vocal cords
D.both A and B

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What is intelligence (智力) anyway? When I was in the army I   21  an intelligence test that all soldiers took, and, against   22  of 100, scored 160.                             
I had an auto-repair man once, who, on these intelligence tests, could not   23  have scored more than 80.   24 , when anything went wrong with my car I hurried to him—and he always   25  it.
Well, then suppose my auto-repair man   26  questions for some intelligence test. By every one of them I"d prove myself a   27 . In a world where I have to work with my   28 , I"d do poorly.
Consider my auto-repair man   29 . He had a habit of telling   30 . One time he said, “Doc, a deaf-and-dumb(聋哑) man   31   some nails. Having entered a store, he put two fingers together on the counter and made   32  movements with the other hand. The clerk brought him a hammer. He   33  his head and pointed to the two fingers he was hammering. The clerk   34  him some nails. He picked out the right size and left. Well, Doc, the   35 man who came in was blind. He wanted scissors (剪刀).   36  do you suppose he asked for them?” I lifted my right hand and made scissoring movements with my first two fingers. He burst out laughing and said, “Why, you fool, he used his   37  and asked for them. I"ve been   38  that on all my customers today, but I knew   39  I"d catch you.” “Why is that?” I asked. “Because you are so goddamned educated, Doc. I knew you couldn"t be very   40  .”
And I have an uneasy feeling he had something there.
小题1:
A.failedB.wroteC.receivedD.chose
小题2:.
A.an averageB.a totalC.an examD.a number
小题3:
A.alwaysB. possiblyC.certainlyD.frequently
小题4:.
A.ThenB.ThusC.ThereforeD.Yet
小题5:
A.fixedB.checkedC.droveD.changed
小题6:.
A.answeredB.practicedC.designedD.tried
小题7:
A.teacherB.doctorC.winnerD.fool
小题8:
A.brainsB.effortC.handsD.attention
小题9:
A.againB.as usualC.tooD.as well
小题10:
A.liesB.jokesC.newsD.tales
小题11:
A.boughtB.testedC.foundD.needed
小题12:
A.cuttingB.hammeringC.wavingD.circling
小题13:
A.noddedB.raisedC.shookD.turned
小题14:
A.broughtB.packedC.sentD.sold
小题15:
A.cleverB.otherC.rightD.next
小题16:
A.WhatB.HowC.WhoD.Which
小题17:
A.imaginationB.handC.voiceD.information
小题18:
A.tryingB.provingC.practicingD.examining
小题19:
A.for sureB.at onceC.in factD.right now
小题20:
A.clearB.sillyC.slowD.smart

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