People have strange ideas about food. For example, the tomato is a kind of very
题型：不详难度：来源：
People have strange ideas about food. For example, the tomato is a kind of very delicious vegetable. It is one of useful plants that can be prepared in many ways. It has rich nutrition and vitamin in it. But in the 18th century, Americans never ate tomatoes. They grew them in their gardens because tomato plants are so pretty. But they thought the vegetable was poisonous (有毒的). They called tomatoes “poison apples.”
President Thomas Jefferson, however, knew that tomatoes were good to eat. He was a learned man. He had been to Paris, where he learned to love the taste of tomatoes. He grew many kinds of tomatoes in his garden. The President taught his cook a way for a cream of tomato soup. This beautiful pink soup was served at the President’s party. The guests thought the soup tasted really good. They never thought their president would serve his honored guests poison apples.
Jefferson never spoke to his honored (忠实的) guests about the fact.
小题1:The passage tells us that Jefferson was a President who learned to love the taste of tomatoes .| A．while he was in Paris | B．when he was a little boy | | C．because his parents told him so | D．from books |
小题2: According to the text, _______ made the beautiful pink soup served at the President’s party?| A．the President himself | B．a French cook | | C．the President’s cook | D．the President’s wife |
小题3: From the passage we know all the honored guests invited by Jefferson were .| A．people from other countries | B．from France | | C．people of his own country | D．men only |
小题4:According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?| A．All of the guests knew the soup that was served at the President’s party was made of tomatoes. | | B．All of the guests thought the soup which was prepared by the President’s cook was nice. | | C．All of the guests thought the taste of the beautiful pink soup was nice. | | D．None of the guests knew that their president would serve his honored guests poison apples |
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答案
小题1:A
小题2:C
小题3:C
小题4:A |
解析
试题分析：本文叙述了在18世纪的美国当时都认为西红柿是可观赏的有毒食物，但是了解西红柿情况的总统用来招待了他的客人，结果客人都说西红柿是很好吃的。
小题1:这是细节理解题。根据He had been to Paris, where he learned to love the taste of tomatoes.可知应选A。
小题2:这是细节理解题。根据The President taught his cook a way for a cream of tomato soup 故选C。
小题3:这是细节理解题。根据They never thought their president would serve his honored guests poison apples. their president他们自己的总统，当然客人是本国的。
故选C。
小题4:这是细节理解题。根据The President taught his cook a way for a cream of tomato soup. The guests thought the soup tasted really good. 可知这句B符合文意根据The guests thought the soup tasted really good.可知C这句符合文意；根据They never thought their president would serve his honored guests poison apples. 可知D这句符合文意，故选A
点评：阅读能力的测试包括阅读速度，理解程度以及记忆能力等。要想获得满意的英语成绩，最根本的方法就是提高词汇量，加强阅读训练，同时熟悉一些阅读技巧和做题方法也是至关重要的。本文是比较容易读懂的，仔细阅读后能在原文找到正确答案。 |
举一反三
No one can believe that the over 6,300-kilometer Great Wall might disappear some day. Believe it or not, the Great Wall is being destroyed by people. Less than 20 percent of the Great Wall built in the Ming Dynasty ,is still perfect, but about 80 percent is in danger. The Great Wall can be called “ great “ mostly because of its amazing length. But we should realize that the length was made up of one brick at a time. If we do nothing to save the Great Wall,it will become a series of separate wasteland rather than a historic site.
The Great Wall is actually a series of walls built and rebuilt by different dynasties over the past 2,000 years. It began in the rule of China’s first emperor, Qin Shihuang of the Qin Dynasty (221BC----206BC), and lasted into the Ming Dynasty. The parts built before the Ming Dynasty have nearly disappeared. People are familiar with sections such as Badaling in Beijing and Jiayuguan Pass in Gansu, because they have been open to tourists for many years. But those sections far away from the public eyes have been almost forgotten.
Few local people knew the 3—meter—high walls made of earth and stones beside them are parts of the Great Wall. The lack of knowledge is considered as one of the main reasons behind human.
The bricks on the Great Wall are carried off by countryside people to build their houses,sheep corrals and pigsties. Some were taken away to build roads. Bricks carved with people’s names are put away as remembrances. The rubbish is spread over the battlements. The brick can be sold 15 yuan per tractor load. Those who destroyed and are destroying the Wall know its name, but are not clear about its cultural meaning. It will take a long time to let them know this. The local farmers not only carried off the body of the Wall but also dug out the entire base.
It is necessary to protect the Great Wall. First of all, the officials should be aware of the importance of the Great Wall. Young Chinese should know more about the nation’s great civilization and learn to love it.
小题1:Why does the writer say the Great Wall might disappear?| A．It is useless from now on. | | B． It is too old to be used again. | | C． It will be replaced by a new one. | | D． Some parts of it are being destroyed. |
小题2:The underlined part “ those sections far away from the public eyes “( in Para. 2 ) refers to the parts of the Great Wall______________.| A．nobody can watch. | | B．that are too far to be seen. | | C．that are too difficult to find. | | D．that are not well-known to the public. |
小题3: What’s the main reason of the Great Wall being destroyed?| A．The local people sell the bricks for a living. | | B．The local people are short of culture knowledge. | | C．The local people think that the Great Wall is not important. | | D．The local people need bricks and stones to build houses. |
小题4: Which of the following may be the best title for this passage?| A．How to Protect the Great Wall. | | B．How the Great Wall came into being. | | C．The Great Wall Being Rebuilt. | | D．The Great Wall Being in Danger. |
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American women experience a great variety of lifestyle. A typical American woman may be single. She may also be divorced or married. She may be a homemaker, a doctor or a factory worker. It is very difficult to generalize about American women. However, one thing that many American women have in common is their attitudes about themselves and their roles in American life.
Historically, American women have always been very independent. The first settlers to come to New England were ten young couples that had left behind their extended families. The women were alone in a new, undeveloped country with their husbands. This has two important effects. First of all, this was the uncivilized environment that demanded every person to share in developing it and in survival. Women worked with their husbands and children to make themselves accepted in this new land. Second, because they were in a new land without the established influence of older members of society, women felt free to step into non—traditional roles.
This role of women was strengthened in later years as Americans move west again, leaving families behind and meeting a new environment. Even later, in the east, as new settlers arrived, women often found jobs more easily than men. Women became the supporters of the family.
Within the established lifestyle of the industrialized twentieth century, the strong role of women was not attractive as in the early days of the country. Some women stepped into the men’s jobs as factory and business workers. After the war, some women stayed in these positions, and others left their jobs with a new sense of ability.
小题1:A typical American woman is______________.| A．single or married | B． divorced | | C．sure about herself and her role | D． all of the above |
小题2: During the industrialized twentieth century, the role of women__________.| A．was found out | | B．was as important as before. | | C．declined | | D．was stronger than that of the early days |
小题3: Women took part in men’s job during the time of_________.| A．the Second World War | | B． the Westward Movement | | C． the early immigration | | D． the industrialized twentieth century. |
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Technology has been an encouragement of historical change. It acted as such a force in England beginning in the eighteenth century, and across the entire Western World in the nineteenth. Rapid advances were made in the use of scientific findings in the manufacture (制造) of goods, which has changed ideas about work. One of the first changes was that other forms of energy have taken the place of human power. Along with this came the increased use of machines to manufacture products in less time. People also developed machines that could produce the same parts for a product: each nail was exactly like every other nail, meaning that each nail could be changed for every other nail. This means that goods could be mass production, although mass production required breaking production down into smaller and smaller tasks.
Once this was done, workers no longer started on the product and labored to complete it. Instead, they might work only one thousandth of it, other workers completing their own parts in certain order. There is nothing strange about this manufacturing work by today"s standards. Highly skilled workers were unable to compare with the new production techniques, as mass production allowed goods of high standard to be produced in greater number than could ever be done by hand. But the skilled worker wasn"t the only loser, the common workers lost too. Similar changes forced farmer away. The increased mechanization (机械化) of agriculture freed masses of workers from ploughing the land and harvesting its crops. They had no choice but to stream toward the rapidly developing industrial centers. Increasingly, standards were set by machines. Workers no longer owned their own tools, their skill was no longer valued, and pride in their work was no longer possible. Workers fed, looked after and repaired the machines that could work faster than humans at greatly reduced cost.
小题1:In this passage, which of the following is NOT considered as a change caused by the use of scientific findings in the production of goods?| A．Other forms of energy have taken the place of human power. | | B．The increased exploitation (剥削)of workers in the 19th century. | | C．The increased use of machines to make products in less time. | | D．The use of machines producing parts of the same standard. |
小题2:The underlined word “this ”in the second paragraph refers to the change that ______| A．each nail could be taken the place of by every other nail | | B．each nail was exactly like every other nail | | C．producing tasks became smaller and smaller | | D．goods could be mass produced |
小题3:According to the writer, highly skilled workers ______| A．completely disappeared with the coming of the factory system | | B．were dismissed(解散) by the boss | | C．were unable to produce goods of high standard | | D．were unable to produce fine goods at that same speed as machines |
小题4:According to the passage, what did the farmers have to do with the coming of mechanization of agriculture?
A. Many of them had to leave their farmland for industrial centers.
B. They stuck to their farm work.
C. They refused to use machines.
D They did their best to learn how to use the machines. |
The engineer Camilla Olivetti was 40 years old when he started the company in 1908. At his factory in Ivrea, he designed and produced the first Italian typewriter. Today the company’s head office is still in Ivrea, near Turin, but the company is much larger than it was in those days and there are offices all around the world,
By 1930 there was a staff of 700 and the company turned out 13.000 machines a year. Some went to customers in Italy, but Olivetti exported more typewriters to other countries.
Camillo’s son, Adriano, started working for the company in 1924 and later he became the boss. He introduced a standard speed for the production line and he employed technology and design specialist. The company developed new and better typewriters and then calculators(计算器). In 1959 it produced the ELEA computer system. This was the first mainframe(主机) computer designed and made in Italy.
After Adriano died in 1960, the company had a period of financial problem. Other companies, especially the Japanese, made faster progress in electronic technology than the Italian company.
In 1978, Carlo de Benedetti became the new boss. Olivetti increased its marketing and service networks and made agreements with other companies to design and produce more advanced office equipment. Soon it became one of the world’s leading companies in information technology and communications. There are now five independent companies in the Olivetti group—one for personal computers, one for other office equipment, one for systems and service, and two for telecommunications.
小题1:From the text we learn that | A．by 1930 Olivetti produced 13.000 typewriters a year | | B．Olivetti earned more in the 1960s than in the 1950s | | C．some of Olivetti’s 700 staff regularly visited customers in Italy | | D．Olivetti set up offices in other countries from the very beginning |
小题2:What was probably the direct result of Olivetti’s falling behind in electronic technology| A．Adriano’s death | B．A period of financial problems | | C．Its faster progress | D．Its agreements with other companies. |
小题3:What do we know about Olivetti?| A．It produced the best typewriter in the world. | | B．It designed the world’s first mainframe computer. | | C．It exported more typewriters than other companies. | | D．It has five independent companies with its head office in Ivrea. |
小题4:The best title for the text would be | A．The Origin of Olivetti. | B．The Success of Olivetti. | | C．The History of Olivetti | D．The Production of Olivetti. |
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The garden city was largely the invention of Ebenezer Howard (1850-1928). After immigrating from England to the USA, and an unsuccessful attempt to make a living as a farmer, he moved to Chicago, where he saw the reconstruction of the city after the disastrous(灾难性的) fire of 1871. In those days, it was nicknamed “the Garden City”, almost certainly the source of Howard’s name for his later building plan of towns. Returning to London, Howard developed his design in the 1880s and 1890s, drawing on ideas that were popular at the time, but creating a unique combination（结合） of designs.
The nineteenth-century poor city was in many ways a terrible place, dirty and crowded; but it offered economic and social opportunities. At the same time, the British countryside was in fact equally unattractive: though it promised fresh air and nature, it suffered from agricultural depression(萧条) and it offered neither enough work and wages, nor much social life. Howard’s idea was to combine the best of town and country in a new kind of settlement, the garden city. Howard’s idea was that a group of people should set up a company, borrowing money to establish a garden city in the depressed countryside; far enough from existing cities to make sure that the land was bought at the bottom price.
Garden cities would provide a central public open space, radial avenues and connecting industries. They would be surrounded by a much larger area of green belt, also owned by the company, containing not merely farms but also some industrial institutions. As more and more people moved in, the garden city would reach its planned limit-----Howard suggested 32,000 people; then, another would be started a short distance away. Thus, over time, there would develop a vast planned house collection, extending almost without limit; within it, each garden city would offer a wide rang of jobs and services, but each would also be connected to the others by a rapid transportation system, thus giving all the economic and social opportunities of a big city.
小题1:How did Howard get the name for his building plan of garden cities?| A．Through his observation of the country life. | | B．Through the combination of different ideas. | | C．By taking other people’s advice. | | D．By using the nickname of the reconstructed Chicago. |
小题2:The underlined phrase “drawing on ”in Paragraph 1 probably means______.| A．making use of | B．making comments on | | C．giving an explanation of | D．giving a description of |
小题3:According to Howard, garden cities should be built______.| A．as far as possible from existing cities | | B．in the countryside where the land was cheap | | C．in the countryside where agriculture was developed | | D．near cities where employment opportunities already existed |
小题4:What can we learn about garden cities from the last paragraph?| A．Their number would continue to rise | | B．Each one would continue to become larger | | C．People would live and work in the same place | | D．Each one would contain a certain type of business |
小题5:What could be the best title for the passage?| A．City and Countryside | B．The Invention of the Garden City | | C．A New City in Chicago | D．A Famous Garden City in England |
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