阅读理解 Cultural differences in business entertaining include problems such as
题型：安徽省模拟题难度：来源：
| 阅读理解 |
Cultural differences in business entertaining include problems such as whom one entertains and where
and how one entertains. In countries where status is important, it is not advisable to invite people of
different statuses to the same dinner party. Americans will often invite people to their homes. However,
in some societies the home is considered too personal, unworthy, or too small to serve as a proper place
for business entertaining. In some countries there is a "help yourself" method of entertaining done in the
home. This method does not work well when entertaining people whose culture teaches them to wait to
be asked three times before accepting an offer of food. For example, a Chinese guest went hungry all the
evening without eating though he was quite hungry because he was too shy to take food after only being
asked to do so once. In another case, an American woman executive(负责人) was being entertained in
London. After having the tea served, the American woman helped herself to cream and sugar rather than
waiting to be served. The English hostess was upset by the thought that she was not serving quickly
enough.
As a general rule, a small gift from your home country is OK. A gift that is tied to the particular
interest of the person is especially good. Gifts for children are also well received. Be careful that the
"hometown" gift you are bringing to Singapore is not made in Hong Kong. Because many gifts carry
symbolic meanings, it is always best to seek the advice of a cultural information before selecting gifts.
The giving of large gifts, or payments for special service, should only be carried out after talking with
legal department in the home and host culture. |
| 1. It is no good inviting people of different social positions to the same party in the country where ____. |
A. people don"t pay any attention to your positions
B. people care much about their statuses
C. entertainment is important
D. entertainment is not advisable |
| 2. The Chinese guest is taken for an example to show ________. |
A. that offering food should not be made too early
B. a "help yourself" method works well in this case
C. that accepting an offer of food should be made later
D. a "help yourself" method does not work well in some cases |
| 3. The passage infers that American women like _________. |
A. a "help yourself" method
B. waiting to be served
C. a slow service
D. cream and sugar |
| 4. _________ is especially proper, when you are invited to a dinner party. |
A. A big gift
B. Large payment as a gift
C. A small gift from one"s home
D. A gift form Singapore |
答案
| 1-4: BDAC |
举一反三
| 阅读理解 |
How words came into being is unknown. All we assume(推测)is that some early men invented
certain sounds, in one way or another, to express thoughts and feelings, actions and things, so that
they could talk with each other. Later they agreed upon certain signs, called letters, which could be
put together to show those sounds, and which could be written down. Those sounds, whether spoken
or written in letters, are called words.
The power of words, then, lies in their associations - the things they bring up to our minds. Words
become filled with meaning for us by experience; and the longer we tire, the more certain words bring
back to us the happy and sad events of our past; and the more we read and learn, the more the number
of words that mean something to us increases.
Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words
which have powerful effects on our minds and feelings. This clever use of words is what we call literary
style(文体). Above all, the real poet is a master of words. He can express his meaning in words which
sing like music, and which by their position and association can move men to tears, We should therefore
learn to choose our words carefully and use them correctly, or they will make our speech silly and
common. |
| 1. We learn from the text that language might have begun with . |
A. expressions
B. sounds
C. signs
D. actions |
| 2.What is mainly discussed in Paragraph 2? |
A. The relation of human experience with words.
B. The importance of old words
C. The gradual change and development of words.
D.The learning of new words. |
| 3. In the last paragraph, what does the author suggest that we should do? |
A.Learn poems by heart.
B. Make musical speeches
C. Use words skillfully.
D. Associate with listeners. |
| 阅读理解 |
There are many theories about how drama (戏剧) came into being in ancient Greece. The one most
widely accepted today is based on the assumption that drama developed gradually from ceremonies. The
argument for this view goes as follows.
In the beginning, human beings viewed the natural forces of the world as unpredictable, and they sought through various means to control these unknown powers. Those measures which appeared to bring the
desired results were then kept and repeated until they hardened into fixed ceremonies. Eventually stories
arose which explained the mysteries of the ceremonies. As time passed, some of them were abandoned,
but the stories, later called myths (神话), provided materials for art and drama
Those who believe that drama came out of ceremonies also argue that those ceremonies contained the
seed of theater because music, dance, and masks were almost always used. In addition, there were
performers, and, since considerable importance was attached to avoiding mistakes in the rules of
ceremonies, religious leaders usually assumed that task. Wearing masks, they often impersonated (扮演)
other people, animals, or supernatural beings, and performed the desired effect by gestures -- success in
hunt or battle, the coming rain, the revival (复活) of the Sun -- as an actor might. Eventually such dramatic representations were separated from religious activities.
Another theory finds out the theater came from the human Interest in storytelling. According to this
view, tales (about the hunt, war, or other events) are gradually formed, at first through the use of
impersonation, action, and dialogue by a speaker and then through the assumption of each of the roles by a different person A closely related theory about drama traces to those dances that are primarily rhythmical and gymnastic or that are imitations (模仿) of animal movements and sounds. |
| 1. Which of the following is Not true according to the passage? |
A. Three theories about how drama came into being are mentioned.
B. The majority of people believe drama came from ceremonies.
C. Stories were made up to explain the mysteries of the ceremonies.
D. Religious activities developed gradually from ceremonies. |
| 2. We can infer from the passage that ______. |
A. all measures couldn"t bring the desired results
B. religious leaders usually didn"t perform in the ceremonies
C. mistakes are unavoidable in the religious ceremonies
D. performers usually used languages to reach the desired results |
| 3. The underlined part "traces to" in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ______. |
A. dates back to
B. is devoted to
C. gives way to
D. is familiar to |
| 4. The best title for the text would be ______. |
A. The Development of Drama
B. The History of Drama
C. The Origin of Drama
D. The Popularity of Drama |
| 阅读理解 |
Despite the fact that it has never been seen almost everyone is familiar with the legendary unicorn
(独角兽). Descriptions of unicorns have been found dating from ancient times. "The great
philosopher Aristotle theorized that there were two types of unicorn-the so-called Indian Ass and the
Oryx, a kind of antelope. Unicorns are often used in the logo of a noble family, town council or university
as their special sign. Even Scotland is represented by aunicom.
According to the legend, anyone attempting to catch a unicorn had to be extremely cautious as it has
a reputation for being very fierce. A clever trick suggested by unicorn-trappers ,in order to catch this
magnificent beast without being hurt by its horn, was for the hunter to stand in front of a tree and then to
move quickly behind it as the unicorn charged. Hopefully, the creature could then be captured when its
horn was stuck in the tree.
When hollowed out and used as a drinking-cup, the unicorn"s horn was said to have the power to
offer protection against poison. It was believed that nobody could be harmed by drinking the contents
of a unicom"s horn. Right up until the French Revolution in 1789, the French court was said to have used
cups made of "unicorn" horn in order to protect the king. In addition, the horn was said to have medicina
l value,so much so that it could be sold for more than ten times the price of the same weight of gold.
What, then, was " unicorn" horn? We know at times the rhino (犀牛) was confused with this legendary
creature. A drinking-cup supposedly made of "unicorn" horn was discovered to be made of the horn of
a rhino. |
| 1. Which of the following is TRUE of the unicorn? |
A. It was not historically recorded.
B. Its horn was first used in France.
C. It was similar to the Indian Ass and the Oryx.
D. It could be the symbol of a university. |
| 2. To catch a unicorn, the unicorn-trappers had to try all of the following EXCEPT__________ . |
A. tempting the unicorn to attack
B. making use of the tree as a protection
C. hiding quickly behind the unicorn
D. having quickly behind the unicorn |
| 3. The last paragraph is mainly about __________. |
A. the properties of the unicorn horn
B. the users of the unicorn horn
C. the price of the unicorn horn
D. the comparison between the unicom horn and the thino horn |
| 4. In the last paragraph, the word " unicom" is in quotation marks(引号) because________. |
A. the cup is designed only for a royal family
B. the unicorn does not exist in reality
C. the unicorn is the rarest animal in the world
D. the medicinal value of the horn is appreciated |
| 阅读理解 |
The Queen"s English is now sounding less upper-class, a scientific study of the Queen"s Christmas
broadcasts had found.Researchers have studied each of her messages to the Commonwealth countries
since 1952 to find out the change in her pronunciation from the noble Upper Received to the Standard
Received.
Jonathan Harrington, a professor at Germany"s University of Munich , wanted to discover whether
accent (口音 ) changes recorded over the past half century would take place within one person. "As
far as I know,there just is nobody else for whom there is this sort of
broadcast records, " he said.
He said the noble way of pronouncing vowels (元音 ) had gradually lost ground as the noble
upper-class accent over the past years. "Her accent sounds slightly less noble than it did 50 years ago.
But these are very, very small and slow changes that we don"t notice from year to year.
" We may be able to relate it to changes in the social classes, " he told The Daily Telegraph, a British
newspaper. "In 1952 she would have been heard saying "that men in the black hat " . Now it would be
" that man in the black hat " . Similarly, she would have spoken of " the citay " and " dutay " , rather than
" citee " and " dutee " , and " hame " rather than "home". In the 1950s she would have been "lorst", but by
the 1970s "lost"."
The Queen"s broadcast is a personal message to the Commonwealth countries. Each Christmas, the
l0-minute broadcast is put on TV at 3 p. m. in Britain as many families are recovering from their traditional turkey lunch(传统火鸡午餐 ) .
The results were published (发表 ) in the Journal of Phonetics. |
| 1. The Queen"s broadcasts were chosen for the study mainly because________. |
A. she has been Queen for many years
B. she has a less upper-class accent now
C. her speeches are familiar to many people
D. her speeches have been recorded for 50 years |
| 2. Which of the following is an example of a less noble accen in English?____________ |
A. dutay
B. citee
C. hame
D. lorst |
| 3. We may infer from the text that the Journal of Phonetics is a magazine on____________. |
A. speech sounds
B. Christmas customs
C. TV broadcasting
D. personal messages |
| 4. What is the text mainly about? ___________ |
A. The relationship between accents and social classes.
B. The Queen"s Christmas speeches on TV.
C. The changes in a person"s accent.
D. The recent development of the English language. |
| 阅读理解. |
There are many thoughts on the origins of civilization. One of the major factors involved
was the increase in population. The development of techniques, primarily irrigation and
flood control, which permitted agriculture in special areas such as the flood plain of the
Tigris and Euphrates rivers, made possible the support of large population. Once
populations reach a certain number, the older pattern of social organization breaks down
and new ones develop. Specifically the older system, whereby each individual participated
in food production and maintained a similar standard of living and whereby kinship
(家属关系) served as the basic method of social organization, was replaced by the
occupational division of labor, political and religious hierarchies (等级制度) public works
such as road and public building construction, class systems, codes of law, markets,
new forms of warfare, and urban centres. Allied with these important sociological traits
are material traits, such as monumental architecture and the development of science and,
in many cases, metallurgy (冶金学) and writing systems.
The earliest civilization, Sumer, developed in the Middle East. This was the Bronze
Age of the Old World, during which people first developed the art of metallurgy,
civilization also arose in other parts of the Old World first in Egypt, China, and India,
and later in Europe and Africa. At this time, civilization also developed independently in
the New World, in the Mexican area and in Peru and its neighboring areas.
In the Old World the Bronze Age was followed by the Iron Age, which saw the rise
and fall of great empires and the shift of power from the Middle East to Greece and
Rome and then to Western Europe. In the 1700s the Industrial Age began, leading
directly to the modem civilization of today.
|
| 1. The author of this passage ______. |
A. gives a comparison between ancient civilization and modern civilization
B. suggests that population increase is most important in the development of civilization
C. tries to explain how civilization developed in human history
D. explore the relation between agriculture and industry |
| 2. According to the first paragraph, the increase in population ______. |
A. resulted in the development of agricultural technology
B. resulted from the breakdown of old social organization
C. caused the occupational division of labor
D. was impossible without the development of agriculture |
| 3. Which of the following is NOT tree according to the passage?______ |
A. The Bronze Age is one of the earliest civilizations.
B. The Industrial Age started in the Middle East.
C. The Bronze Age developed into the Iron Age.
D. The use of metal instruments started from the Bronze Age. |
4. Which of the following is NOT included in the expression "the Old World" used
in the passage?______ |
A. American continent.
B. Both Western and Eastern Europe.
C. African continent.
D. Asian countries. |
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