阅读理解。 Meeting people from another culture can be difficult. From the beginnin
题型：湖北省期中题难度：来源：
signal. Or they may pay no attention to signals from another person who is trying to develop a relationship.
Different cultures emphasize(强调) the importance of relationship building to a greater or lesser degree.
For example, business in some countries is not possible until there is a relationship of trust. Even with
people at work, it is necessary to spend a lot of time in "small talk", usually over a glass of tea, before
they do any job. In many European countries - like the UK or France - people find it easier to build up a
lasting working relationship at restaurants or caf?s rather than at the office.
Talk and silence may also be different in some cultures. I once made a speech in Thailand. I had
expected my speech to be a success and start a lively discussion; instead, there was an uncomfortable
silence. The people present just stared at me and smiled. After getting to know their ways better, I
realized that they thought I was talking too much. In my own culture, we express meaning mainly through
words, but people there sometimes feel too many words are unnecessary.
Even within Northern Europe, cultural differences can cause serious problems. Certainly, English
and German cultures share similar values; however, Germans prefer to get down to business more
quickly. We think that they are rude. In fact, this is just because one culture starts discussions and makes
decisions more quickly.
People from different parts of the world have different values, and sometimes these values are quite
against each other. However, if we can understand them better, a multicultural environment will offer a
wonderful chance for us to learn from each other.
B. too many words are of no use
C. even talk and silence can be culturally different
D. people from Thailand are quiet and shy by nature
B. By accepting different habits.
C. By recognizing different values.
D. By speaking each other"s languages.
B. Cross-Cultural Differences
C. How to Understand Each Other
D. How to Build Up a Relationship
答案
举一反三
was falling apart.A century later,we know that this was not the case.However,although the
family is still alive in the United States,its size and shape were very different from 100 years
ago.
In the late 1800s and early 1900s,there were mainly two types of families in the United
States:the extended and the nuclear.The extended family usually includes grandparents,
parents,and children living under the same roof.The nuclear family consists of only parents
and children.
Today there are many different kinds of families.Some people live in “traditional” families,
that is,a stay?home mother,a working father,and their own biological children.Others live in
two?paycheck families,single-parent families,adoptive or foster families,blended families
(where men and women who were married before marry again and combine the children
from previous marriages into the new families),child less families,and so on.
What caused the structure of the family to change?In the early 1900s the birthrate began
to fall and the divorce rate began to rise.Women were suddenly choosing to go to college
and take jobs outside the home.In the 1930s and 1940s,many families faced serious financial,
or money problems during the Great Depression,when many people lost their jobs.During
World War Ⅱ(1939-1945),5 million women were left alone to take care of their homes and
their children.Because many men were at war,thousands of these “war widows” had to go to
work outside their home.
During the next ten years,the situation changed.There were fewer divorces,and people
married at a younger age and had more children than the previous generation.It was unusual
for a mother to work outside the home during the years whenher children were growing up.
Families began leaving cities and moving into single-family homes in the suburbs.The traditional
family seemed to be returning.
In the years between 1960s and 1990s,there were many important changes in the structure
of the family.From the 1960s to the early 1970s,the divorce rate doubled and the birthrate fell
by half.The number of single-parent families tripled,and the number of couples living together
without ?being? married doubled again.In fact,the single?parent household,once unusual,has
replaced the “traditional” family as the typical family in the States.If we can judge from history,
however,this will probably change again in the twenty-first century.
The Changes of the American Family
officially became a verb and drama queens (extremely emotional persons) finally found the attention when
they crossed over from popular culture to mainstream English language.
The mouse potato, the himbo (attractive, empty-headed man) and drama queen were among 100 new words added to the 2006 update of America"s best-selling dictionary, the Merriam-Webster Collegiate
Dictionary《韦氏大词典》. The Internet search engine Google also found its way into the dictionary for
the first time as a verb, meaning to find information quickly on the worldwide web.
New words and phrases from the fields of science, technology, pop culture and industry are chosen
each year by Merriam-Webster"s team of editors after months of looking through books, magazines and
even food labels. "They are not tracking spoken language. They are looking for evidence that words have been used in the written English language," said Arthur Bicknell, senior editor of Merriam-Webster.
Other words first coming into the dictionary this year were soul patch (a small growth of beard under
a man"s lower lip), unibrow (two eyebrows joining together) and supersize － the fast food industry
phrase for extra large meals.
The technology world contributed ringtones (changeable incoming cellphone call signals) and spyware
(software installed in a computer to track a user"s activities) while biodiesel (生物柴油) and avian
influenza(禽流感) came from the world of science.
America"s first dictionary-Noah Webster"s A Compendious Dictionary of the English Language －was
published 200 years ago and also introduced some fresh words that have now become familiar. Those
"new" words in 1806 included slang, surf, psychology, naturally and Americanize.
B. a person who spends much time on the computer
C. a mouse that is shown on the screen of the computer
D. a person who likes to eat mice and potatoes
B. himbo, soul patch, unibrow, supersize.
C. ringtones, spyware, biodiesel, avian influenza.
D. couch potatoes, surf, psychology, Americanize.
B. New words and phrases chosen by the editors of the dictionary have been used in
written English somewhere.
C. Some words that are now familiar to us used to be fresh words collected in the dictionary.
D. The Merriam-webster Collegiate Dictionary becomes the best-seller because 100 new words
are added to it.
is a doll,but Barbie illustrates how,over the last five decades,women have become a standard for
judging what freedom really means. How women are treated in different countries tells you a lot
about the politics and culture of where they live.
The doll that every little girl wants enables young children to test their possibilities in role
playing,giving them a glimpse of what they might be when they grow up,whether to be frivolous
or serious (or both).
But in many countries that"s not an option. In Saudi Arabia,where woman can"t drive or go out
publicly unless covered,Barbie is banned. They think Barbie dolls are offensive to Islam (伊斯兰教)
and a threat to morality.
In America,she represents the swiftly changing roles of women. Barbie is fun to tease but she"s
as American as miniskirts_and_pantsuits in her flexible identities and her "growth" from model to
astronaut.
Barbie inspired a dollrevolution movement. When a Teen Talk Barbie was programmed
electronically to say "Math class is tough",she was criticized by a national women"s group and
was regarded as a bad stereotype. Some of her critics also say she has a bad influence because
she"s too thin and encourages anorexia,that she has run through too many stereotypes,and that
she lends too much significance to the fantasy stages of child"s play.
In some Muslim countries,substitute Barbie dolls have been developed that promote traditional
values,with their modest clothing and profamily backgrounds. They are widely seen as an effort to
resist the American dolls that have flooded the market.
Toyseller Masounmen Rahimi welcomed the dolls,saying Barbie was "foreign to Muslim culture"
because some of the dolls have little clothing. She said young girls who play with Barbie could grow
into women who reject Muslim values. "I think every Barbie doll is more harmful than an American
missile(导弹)." Ms Rahimi said.
B.toys are not allowed there
C.she looks 1ike an American
D.she sets a poor example to children
B. these are very traditional American clothes for women
C. there are a range of different life options available for women
D. readers should wear these clothes more often
B. giving up math study
C. the wearing of inappropriate clothes
D. a decrease in people"s imagination
B. How Barbie is treated seems to reflect a country"s politics and culture.
C. Women in Saudi Arabia have no options in deciding what to wear.
D. Barbie dolls have contributed much to Muslim culture.
easily imagine that the story of its construction was simply a fairy tale. Three hundred years ago,
there lived an Indian emperor called Shah Jahan. His wife was a beautiful and bright woman
whom he loved greatly. Her title was Mumtazl Mahan: its shortened form Taj Mahan, means
“pride of the palace”. In the year 1630 this beloved wife of the emperor died. He was so
broken hearted that he thought of giving up his throne. He decided out of his love for his wife,
to build her the most beautiful tomb that had ever been seen.
He summoned the best artists and architects from India, Turkey, Persia and Arabia and
finally, the design was completed. It took more than twenty thousand men working over a
period of 18 years to build the Taj Mahan, one of the most beautiful building in the world.
The building itself stands on a marble. Platform 29 meters square and 6---7 meters high.
Towers rise from each of the four comers. The Taj itself soars another 61 meters into the air.
It is a eight-sided building made of white marble.
The emperor planned to build an identical tomb of black marble for himself on the other
side of the river connected by a silver bridge. However his son put him into a prison in the
palace before he could finish, and for the rest of his life, he could only gaze across river at the
tomb of his beloved wife.
B. the story of the Taj Mahan
C. white and black marble tombs made for two emperors
D. the love story of emperor Shah Jahan and his wife
B. A lot of people took part in the building work
C. It is a magnificent building.
D. It is a tomb for the emperor’s beloved wife.
B. eight-sided
C. black-coloured
D. white-colored
B. was killed by his son
C. was beloved by his people
D. died after 1648
B.请求
C. 发配
D. ***死
On one side, the label(标签) says "peas" . On the other, it says "petit pois". By law f
ood labelsand many other printed notices in Canada must be in two languages---English and French.
The reason is simple: many Canadians speak English but not French. Others speak French
but not English. By requiring that label be printed in both languages, Canada is trying to ease
the problems of living in a bilingual society.
English is the dominant (important) language in most of Canada. In all provinces but Quebec,
most of the people speak English. Quebec was the center of French settlement in colonial
(殖民地的) times, and most of its people are descendants (后裔) of French settlers. Today
nearly two out of three people in Quebec speak only French. Communities of French-speaking
people also live in other provinces, especially in the Maritime Provinces.
French Canadians are bound (约束) together not only by language but also by religion. Like
their French ancestors (祖先), most are Roman Catholics. Most English-speaking Canadians are
Protestants.
B. Because the Canadians know either English or French.
C. Because many Canadians like French besides English.
D. In order to make the English and the French understand it easily
B. rich.
C. two languages.
D. poor.
B. People in all the provinces in Canada speak English besides Quebec.
C. Most English-speaking Canadians are Catholics.
D. French Canadians are bound together not by language but by religion.
4. This passage mainly tells us ___________.
B. Quebec is the only province where French is spoken
C. Canada is a bilingual nation
D. English is the dominant language in most of Canada
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