According to the US Geological Survey, about seven million earthquakes strike wo
题型：不详难度：来源：
According to the US Geological Survey, about seven million earthquakes strike worldwide every year—but fortunately, only about 1500 of these are of a magnitude(震级) of 5 or greater on the Richter scale. Certain areas, such as California and Japan, are more prone to earthquakes than others. Although the chance of being caught in “The Big one” is remote, it’s wise to be prepared if you live in a region where earthquakes are common.
Educate your family about earthquakes before a big one strikes. For example, they need to know to take shelter in a doorway or under a strong object if indoors, and never to run outdoors if they are inside. If outside, they need to know to stay away from power lines and buildings where objects could fall.
Teach family members how to turn off gas or water lines or electrical power that may need to be shut off after a quake if severe damage occurs.
Develop a plan. Where will your family meet in the event of a disaster? What if some people are at work or school? How will you know if they are safe? Where will you all meet up?
Pack a preparedness kit(衣物装备) and keep it in a safe location. In a major earthquake, it’s possible that you won’t be able to get into your house. Keep supplies in your car trunk or an outside storage shed if possible. Pack whatever your family is likely to need, enough for three days to a week, including food, water, medication, first aid and personal hygiene supplies, flashlights, a portable radio, blankets, clothes and shoes, cash, or camp stove, candles, matches or lighters, and a whistle.
Consider earthquake insurance for your home if you live in an earthquake-prone area. Regular homeowner’s insurance doesn’t cover earthquake damage.
小题1:The underlined words “prone to ” in paragraph 1 can be replaced by___________.| A．likely to suffer | B．frequent to explore | | C．regular to measure | D．impossible to experience |
小题2:According to the passage, if you are outside in an earthquake, you should_________.| A．stay where you are | B．hide under a big tree | | C．avoid power lines | D．sit on the ground |
小题3: We can learn from the passage that_________.| A．about 1,500 earthquakes happen every year | | B．people should store some clothes in their houses in advance | | C．family members should meet in their home after an earthquake | | D．people suffering earthquakes often should buy earthquake insurance |
小题4:What would be the best title for the passage?| A．How to Keep Safe in an Earthquake | | B．How to Prepare for an Earthquake | | C．Who Can Help Us After an Earthquake? | | D．Where Is an Earthquake-prone Area? |
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答案
小题1:A
小题2:C
小题3:D
小题4:B |
解析
试题分析：每年的地震很多，但是大地震并不多，经常遭受地震的地区也是集中的，但是我们应该为地震做好准备，尽量减少损失。
小题1:猜词题：从文章第一段的句子：Certain areas, such as California and Japan, are more prone to earthquakes than others.加力福利亚和日本更有可能遭受地震，可知“prone to ” 是“可能会遭受”的意思，选A
小题2:细节题：从文章第二段的句子：If outside, they need to know to stay away from power lines and buildings where objects could fall.可知地震的时候如果你在外面，应该避开电线，选C
小题3:推理题：从文章最后一段的句子：Consider earthquake insurance for your home if you live in an earthquake-prone area. Regular homeowner’s insurance doesn’t cover earthquake damage.
可知经常遭受地震的人应该买地震保险，选D
小题4:标题确定题：从这篇文章和第一段的句子：Although the chance of being caught in “The Big one” is remote, it’s wise to be prepared if you live in a region where earthquakes are common.
可知这篇文章讲的是如何为地震做好准备，选B |
举一反三
Do you know how much your children sleep?
According to the National Sleep Foundation, should sleep twelve to eighteen hours of every twenty-four. With a gradual to twelve to fourteen hours for toddlers(初学走路的孩子) one to three; eleven to thirteen hours for three to five; and ten to eleven hours for schoolchildren five to ten.
But things get really at adolescence. Not only do teenagers need more sleep than __---eight and a half to nine and a quarter hours a night, according to the sleep foundation - but the times which they get sleepy and are able to awaken and feel rested shift in a that does not match to the times at most schools.
Sleep studies have shown that the typical teenager does not fall asleep readily before 11 p. m. or later. many have to get up by 6 a. m. or to get to school for a class starts at 7:30 or 8 a.m. More than a few off during that class, and often the one as well. Even if awake, they"re in no condition to learn much of anything.
In one study, more than 90 percent of teenagers they slept less than the nine hours a night, and 10 percent said they slept less than six hours.
_ James B. Maas, a Cornell University psychologist and Leading sleep researcher, has observed, most teenagers are "walking zombies(僵尸)" they get far too little sleep.
| 小题1: | | A．children | B．newborns | C．elders | D．youngsters |
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| 小题3: | | A．reduction | B．increase | C．growth | D．improvement |
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| 小题4: | | A．teenagers | B．students | C．babies | D．preschoolers |
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| 小题5: | | A．related | B．separated | C．aged | D．varied |
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| 小题6: | | A．demanding | B．challenging | C．satisfying | D．encouraging |
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| 小题7: | | A．adults | B．toddlers | C．babies | D．schoolchildren |
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| 小题9: | | A．excitedly | B．early | C．casually | D．naturally |
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| 小题10: | | A．form | B．means | C．method | D．way |
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| 小题11: | | A．end | B．start | C．holiday | D．examination |
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| 小题13: | | A．nicer | B．earlier | C．cleaner | D．better |
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| 小题17: | | A．examined | B．surveyed | C．reported | D．convinced |
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| 小题18: | | A．regulated | B．recommended | C．analyzed | D．reported |
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| 小题19: | | A．Like | B．Since | C．As | D．Furthermore |
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| 小题20: | | A．because | B．which | C．while | D．still |
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Valentine’s Day, for many couples, means cards, flowers, and candlelight dinners. For most couples it also means withdrawing money at the ATM to express their love. Fortunately, there are ways to save money by saving energy — even during the date — so you can spend the money you save on the things that really matter to your sweetheart. Here are five easy tips for those couples out there who want to save energy and save money:
A fireplace is always a perfect background to set up holiday decorations because of the space it provides, in addition to the grand role it plays in the house as being an important part of each room. If you plan on spending your Valentine’s Day near the fireplace, be sure to prevent the heat loss and make sure of the chimney efficiency. If you never use your fireplace, plug and seal the chimney flue.
If you plan on having a nice, romantic dinner at home and want to set the mood with proper lighting, use energy efficient light bulbs that save you money, and look for bulbs that are lower in lumens. Lumens tell you the brightness of the bulb. The lower the lumens, the weaker the light.
For those who plan to cook that romantic dinner, there are some simple energy efficient ways you can prepare that meal. For example, did you know that if you’re baking in a china or glass dish, you can typically set your oven for 25 degrees less than the recipe calls for? Learn more about saving energy while cooking.
For those couples who would like to have a movie night, plug your TV and DVD into an electronic power strip to save money on your gas of the car. By plugging in electronic devices into a power strip and turning it off when not in use, you can save up to $100 per year.
If you plan on going on a romantic “escape” from your house by car, be sure to check out these tips to reduce fuel consumption and costs.
小题1:How do most people spend their Valentine’s Day according to the passage?| A．They make green trips by riding bikes or walking dogs. | | B．They go to visit their parents or grandparents together. | | C．They stay at home making delicious food for lovers. | | D．They spend money creating romantic environment. |
小题2:What does the author advise you to do when you use a fireplace that night?| A．Try to burn less wood by covering the chimney. | | B．Try to use more wood to produce more heat. | | C．Try to hold more heat by using it effectively. | | D．Try to make the room wetter than usual. |
小题3:What does the author advise you to do if you choose to have dinner at home?| A．Choose the bulbs without lumens. | | B．Choose the bulbs with lower lumens. | | C．Choose the small bulbs with higher lumens. | | D．Choose the colorful bulbs as many as possible. |
小题4:How should you cook meals according to the author?| A．Adjust electricity amount according to different dishes. | | B．Set the oven for 25 degrees higher than required. | | C．Try to cook all kinds of food with a china dish. | | D．Try to bake some cakes in a glass dish. |
小题5:What is the greenest way for you to see a film on Valentine’s Day?| A．Just watch a DVD at home. | B．Just see the film in the running car. | | C．Go to the nearest theatre by bike. | D．“Escape” from your house by car. |
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A dense wave of smog began in the Chinese city of Harbin and the surrounding Heilongjiang, Jilin, and Liaoning Provinces on 20 October 2013. Unseasonably warm temperatures with very little wind across northeastern China coincided with the smoke from local farmers’ burning straws and the start-up of Harbin’s coal-powered central heating system.
Record densities of fine particulates(微粒)were measured in the city. In Harbin, the levels of PM2.5 (particulate matter) rise to 1,000 micrograms per cubic meter, worse than Beijing’s historic highs. Visibility was reduced to below 50m in parts of Harbin, and below 500m in most of the neighbouring Jilin Province. On Fa Yuen Street in Harbin, visibility of less than 5m was reported. The smog reduced after October 23, 2013 and completely broke up on October 28, 2013 by the first local snow and icy rain due to a cold front moving in from Russia.
Harbin lies in the north of China where winter temperatures can drop to -40℃, demanding a six-month heating season. Daily particulate levels of more than 40 times the World Health Organization recommended maximum level were reported in parts of Harbin. The smog remained till 23 October, when almost all monitoring stations in Heilongjiang, Jilin,and Liaoning Provincesreported readings above 200μg/m³forPM2.5. PM2.5 is the amount of particulate matter less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter in the air, with the WHO recommending a maximum 24-hour mean (平均值) of 25 micrograms per cubic meter (μg/m³). On the morning of 25 October, PM2.5 measurements in Harbin had fallen to an average of 123μg/m³.
All highways in the surrounding Heilongjiang Province were closed. In Harbin, all primary and middle schools were closed for three days and authorities stopped flights at the airports. Hospitals reported a 23 percent increase in admissions for breathing problems. However, this smog will have no influence on Harbin Ice Festival events later in December 2013.
Air pollution in Chinese cities is of increasing concern to China’s leadership. Particulates in the air can affect human health and also have influences on climate and rainfall. Pollution from the burning of coal has reduced life expectancy by 5.5 years in the north of China, as a result of heart and lung diseases.
小题1:One cause of the heavy smog in the northeastern Chinese cities may be _____.| A．the lasting cold weather | | B．farmers’ burning of forests | | C．too much strong wind | | D．the start-up of heating system |
小题2:One serious influence of the heavy smog was that_____.| A．Harbin Ice Festival would be cancelled | | B．highways in Heilongjiang were free of charge | | C．all flights at the airport were cancelled | | D．doctors in hospitals were kept from working |
小题3:The harmful smog was most serious on ______.| A．October 20 | B．October 23 | C．October 25 | D．October 28 |
小题4:What measure might be practical to reduce the happening of heavy smog?| A．Forbidding people to own their private cars. | | B．Advocating people having one meal a day. | | C．Using natural gas to cook instead of coal. | | D．Encouraging family’s coal-fired heating. |
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Sex prejudices are based on and justified by the ideology(意识形态) that biology is destiny. According to this ideology, basic biological and psychological differences exist between the sexes. These differences require each sex to play a separate role in social life. Women are the weaker sex both physically and emotionally. Thus, they are naturally suited, much more so than men, to the performance of domestic(家庭的) duties. A woman’s place, under normal circumstances, is within the protective environment of the home. Nature has determined that women play caretaker roles, such as wife and mother and homemaker. On the other hand, men are best suited to go out into the competitive world of work and politics, where serious responsibilities must be taken on. Men are to be the providers; women and children are “dependents”.
The ideology also holds that women who wish to work outside the household should naturally fill these jobs that are in line with the special capabilities of their sex. It is appropriate for women, not men, to be employed as nurses, social workers, elementary school teachers, house-hold helpers, clerks and secretaries. These positions are simply an extension of women’s domestic role. Informal distinctions between “women’s work” and “men’s work” in the labor force, according to the ideology, are simply a functional reflection of the basic differences between the sexes.
Finally, the ideology suggests that nature has worked her will in another significant way. For the human species to survive over time, its members must regularly reproduce. Thus, women must, whether at home or in the labor force, make the most of their physical appearances.
So goes the ideology. It is, of course, not true that basic biological and psychological differences between the sexes require each to play sex-defined roles in social life. There is enough evidence that sex roles vary from society to society, and those role differences that do exist are largely learned.
But to the degree people actually believe that biology is destiny and that nature intended for men and women to make different contributions to society, sex-defined roles will be seen as totally acceptable.
小题1:According to the biology-is-destiny ideology, women_______.| A．cannot compete with men in any field | | B．are suited more to domestic jobs than men | | C．are sensitive enough to be a good caretaker | | D．are too weak to do any agricultural work at all |
小题2:Those who have prejudices against women think that_______.| A．women shouldn’t go out for work | | B．women should earn money to add the family income | | C．women going out for work should only do “women’s work” | | D．women should take jobs to drill the special capabilities of the sex |
小题3:The author thinks that the positions women hold outside_______.| A．are determined by what they are better suited to | | B．grow out of their household responsibilities | | C．represent their breakthrough of sex discrimination | | D．are physically and emotionally suitable to them |
小题4:What does the underlined sentence imply?| A．Sex roles are socially determined | | B．Sex roles are emotionally and physically determined | | C．Sex roles are biologically and psychologically determined | | D．Sex roles are determined by education people take |
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阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I hear a lot of people talking about New Year’s resolutions(新年计划). Some say, “I can’t keep them and I never make resolutions.” Perhaps the real is that we have trouble changing. We get in our way of life and even if things aren’t good, they are familiar.
As the years go by, our resolutions seem to lose some . In spite of the fact that my own eagerness seems to , I still like the idea of making resolutions. It is the of not giving up that is important.
I think of the year like a carpet of new fallen snow that has not yet been by footprints or marks of any kind. It before us so perfect and beautiful, but it won’t remain that way for long. we know it, we must get out in the snow and make our own marks and tracks. Soon, we will see all kinds of and paths in the snow. We will see everything from , icy mud to the prints of snow angels made by children at play.
It’s all part of our . As we close out the old year, a new set of months lies ahead of us and we think, “Maybe, just maybe I can do .” Perhaps, this time, we can lose those pounds, a bad habit, improve our behavior, build a better relationship. Even though there are situations in our lives that can get us , we can look forward to beginning again and doing what we can do to our lives according to how we are able.
As the New Year comes around, what kind of marks will you make in the ?
| 小题1: | | A．plan | B．idea | C．puzzle | D．problem |
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| 小题2: | | A．comfortable | B．curious | C．serious | D．painful |
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| 小题3: | | A．at most | B．at last | C．at least | D．at first |
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| 小题4: | | A．faith | B．enthusiasm | C．sense | D．confidence |
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| 小题5: | | A．increase | B．exist | C．decline | D．disappear |
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| 小题6: | | A．spirit | B．rule | C．challenge | D．decision |
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| 小题7: | | A．behind | B．between | C．around | D．ahead |
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| 小题8: | | A．discovered | B．noticed | C．damaged | D．cleared |
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| 小题9: | | A．stands | B．lies | C．comes | D．occurs |
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| 小题10: | | A．Although | B．Before | C．Until | D．If |
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| 小题11: | | A．prints | B．stones | C．plants | D．pictures |
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| 小题12: | | A．tidy | B．soft | C．dry | D．dirty |
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| 小题13: | | A．quality | B．attitude | C．belief | D．wisdom |
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| 小题14: | | A．better | B．worse | C．easier | D．harder |
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| 小题15: | | A．exact | B．final | C．extra | D．former |
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| 小题16: | | A．pick out | B．call off | C．cut down | D．give up |
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| 小题18: | | A．over | B．across | C．down | D．away |
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| 小题19: | | A．save | B．experience | C．start | D．improve |
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