The survey about childhood in the Third World shows that the struggle for surviv
题型：不详难度：来源：
The survey about childhood in the Third World shows that the struggle for survival is long and hard. But in the rich world, children can from a different kind of poverty — of the spirit. , one Western country alone now sees 14, 000 attempted suicides ( 自*** ) every year by children under 15, and one child five needs psychiatric (心理上的) advice.
There are many good things about in the Third World. Take the close and constant relation between children and their parents, relatives and neighbors for example. In the West, the very nature of work puts distance between and children. But in most Third World villages mother and father do not go miles away each day to work in offices. , the child sees mother and father, relations and neighbors working and often shares in that work..
A child in this way learns his or her role through joining in the community"s ：helping to dig or build, look after animals or babies -- rather than playing with water and sand in kindergarten, keeping pets playing with dolls.
These children may grow up with a less oppressive sense of space and time than the children. Their sense of days and time has a lot to do with the change of seasons and positions of the sun or the moon in the sky. Children in the rich world, , are provided with a watch as one of the signs of growing up, so that they can along with their parents about being late for school times, meal times, bed times, the times of TV shows …
Third World children do not usually to stay indoors, still less in high-rise apartments. Instead of dangerous roads, "keep off the grass" signs and "don"t speak to strangers", there is often a sense of to study and play. Parents can see their children outside rather than observe them from ten floors up.
, twelve million children under five still die every year through hunger and disease. But childhood in the Third World is not all
| 小题1: | | A．come | B．survive | C．suffer | D．learn |
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| 小题2: | | A．As usual | B．In fact | C．For instance | D．In other words |
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| 小题4: | | A．childhood | B．poverty | C．spirit | D．survival |
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| 小题5: | | A．neighbors | B．fathers | C．adults | D．relatives |
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| 小题6: | | A．Anyhow | B．Instead | C．However | D．Still |
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| 小题7: | | A．away | B．alone | C．nearby | D．along |
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| 小题8: | | A．working | B．living through | C．playing | D．growing up |
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| 小题10: | | A．by | B．through | C．from | D．with |
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| 小题12: | | A．Western | B．good | C．poor | D．Eastern |
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| 小题13: | | A．at any moment | B．at the same time | C．on the other hand | D．on the whole |
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| 小题14: | | A．easiest | B．quickest | C．happiest | D．earliest |
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| 小题15: | | A．care | B．worry | C．hurry | D．fear |
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| 小题16: | | A．dare | B．expect | C．have | D．require |
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| 小题17: | | A．freedom | B．danger | C．disappointment | D．control |
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| 小题18: | | A．eagerly | B．anxiously | C．impatiently | D．proudly |
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| 小题19: | | A．Above all | B．In the end | C．Of course | D．What"s more |
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:C
小题3:A
小题4:A
小题5:C
小题6:B
小题7:C
小题8:D
小题9:D
小题10:B
小题11:A
小题12:A
小题13:C
小题14:D
小题15:A
小题16:C
小题17:A
小题18:B
小题19:C
小题20:D |
解析
试题分析：本文将第三世界的孩子与西方国家的孩子的童年时代作了对比，阐述了各自的优点和缺点。
小题1:考查动词。句意:在富裕的世界里孩子们在遭受着不同的贫困即：精神。 根据but一词可知富裕世界也存在弊端，生活在优越环境中的孩子“遭受”着精神贫困。
小题2:考查固定短语。句意: 在富裕的世界里孩子们在遭受着不同的贫困即：精神。例如：仅仅一个西方国家每年就有就见证了十五岁以下的孩子有14000的自***未遂。2 A. As usual 像往常一样 B. For instance例如C. In fact 实际上 D. In other words换句话说根据空后内容可知此处应表示举例说明
小题3:考查介词。句意:五个孩子中就有一个需要心理上的开导。根据固定短语：one in + 数字，。。中的一个，几分之一，所以A正确
小题4:考查名词。句意:在第三世界有许多关于童年的美好的事情。根据文章开头第一段第一句话The survey about childhood in the Third World shows that 表明本文是关于第三世界的孩子的童年的调查，所以A正确。
小题5:考查名词。句意:在西方工作的本质就把距离摆在了成年人和孩子之间。根据下文But in most Third World villages mother and father do not go miles away each day to work in offices是举例说明孩子和家长之间的距离，所以C正确。
小题6:考查副词。句意:但是在第三世界的村子里爸爸和妈妈不是每天去几英里之外去上班，而是孩子看见爸爸，妈妈和亲戚邻居们在附近工作。根据前后两句之间的关系可以判定是做对比，A. Anyhow 无论如何 B. However然而C. Instead 反而 D. Still仍然，所以C正确。
小题7:考查副词。句意:而是孩子看见爸爸，妈妈和亲戚邻居们在附近工作。A. away远 B. alone 独自一人 C. nearby附近 D. along 沿着。根据句意C正确。
小题8:考查动词。句意:一个通过这种方式长大的孩子通过加入社区的工作了解了他或她所起的作用。根据下一段第一句的开头部分可以推断出D正确。
小题9:考查名词。句意:一个通过这种方式长大的孩子通过加入社区的工作了解了他或她所起的作用。根据冒号后面的内容可知是“工作”。如果选择A项，则需要用复数形式，所以D正确。
小题10:考查介词。句意: 帮助挖或建，照顾动物或婴儿——而不是在幼儿园玩水玩沙，养宠物或者玩玩具娃娃。根据前线索through joining in the community"s ，可以判断是通过through，所以B正确。
小题11:考查连词。句意: 帮助挖或建，照顾动物或婴儿——而不是在幼儿园玩水玩沙，养宠物或者玩玩具娃娃。根据句意是或者，所以A正确。
小题12:考查形容词。句意:这些孩子长大们可能会比西方的孩子有更少的空间和时间的压迫感。本文是将第三世界的孩子与“西方”国家的孩子的童年时代进行对比，前半句是说第三世界的孩子，因此这里选D
小题13:考查固定短语。句意。A. at any moment 在任何时候 B. at the same time同时C. on the other hand 但是，表转折D. on the whole大体上，根据前后句可以判断出是进行对比。on the other hand“另一方面，但是 ”所以C正确。
小题14:考查形容词。句意: :但是在富裕的世界，孩子们被给与一块手表作为长大的最早的标志。在西方国家，戴手表是长大的一种标志。此处强调的是时间。所以D正确。
小题15:考查动词。句意: 所以，他们能关心和父母一起在学校的时间，吃饭的时间，睡觉时间晚，电视节目时间去掉句中的along with their parents这一修饰语，就比较容易理解了。so that后面跟的是结果状语从句，care about 关心，在意，所以A正确
小题16:考查动词。句意:第三世界的孩子们不必经常呆在室内，更不必说在高楼里了，根据后面to do sht ,构成短语：have to do sth 不得不，非得， don’t have to意为“不必”，相当于needn’t，所以C正确。
小题17:考查名词。句意:通常会有学习和玩的自由的感觉。根据前面children do not usually 31 to stay indoors 和Instead of dangerous roads, "keep off the grass" signs and "don"t speak to strangers",前面提到他们不必一直守在家中，由此可判断他们有学习和玩耍的“自由”。下一句的前半句也提供了暗示。
小题18:考查副词。句意:家长可以看到孩子们在外面玩而不是焦虑地从十层的高楼上观察。A. eagerly渴望地 B. anxiously焦虑地 C. impatiently没有耐心地 D. proudly自豪地，父母担心的是外出玩耍的孩子的安全，所以B正确
小题19:考查固定短语。句意:当然了，每年仍然有十二亿五岁以下的儿童遭受着饥饿和疾病。A. Above all 首先，最重要的是 B. In the end最后 C. Of course当然了 D. What"s more而且，根据后面的but表转折关系，根据句意所以C正确。
小题20:考查形容词 句意：但是第三世界的孩子们也不完全的糟糕。本文叙述第三世界国家孩子的童年时代也有许多好处，再结合本句中的but一词可知表示肯定意义。所以D正确 |
举一反三
Rock stars and their money
Around the world young people are spending unbelievable sums of money listening to rock music. Forbes reports that at least fifty rock stars have incomes between two million and six million dollars per year.
"It doesn"t make sense," says Johnny Mathis, one of the older music millionaires, who made a million dollars a year when he was popular in 1950s. "Performers aren"t worth this kind of money. In fact, nobody is."
But the rock stars" admirers seem to disagree. Those who love rock music spend about two billion dollars a year for records. They pay 150 million to see rock stars in person.
Luck is a key word for explaining the success of many. In 1972 one of the luckiest was Kon Mclean, who wrote and sang "American Pie". Mclean writes his own music, so he earns an additional two cents on every single record of the song.
Neil Young who performs in torn blue jeans, sometimes sings to an audience of 10,000, each of whom has paid five dollars for a ticket. After paying expenses, Young leaves with about $ 18,000 in his blue jeans at the end of an evening.
How do the rock stars use their money? What do they do when the money starts pouring in like water? Most of the young stars simply show the money around. England"s Elton John gave someone a $ 38,000 Rolls car and bought himself 5,000 pairs of eyeglasses, then lighted up and spelt ：E-L-T-O-N. He also bought himself two cars, "one for each foot".
Many rock stars live like Grace Slick and Jefferson Airplane. Those performers return from a tour, pay their bills, and buy new toys. Then when they need money again, they do another tour. They save no money and live from hand to mouth.
In the end the rock stars" life is unrewarding. After two or three years riches and fame are gone. Left with his memories and his tax problems, the lonely star spends his remaining years trying to attract strangers. New stars have arrived to take his place.
小题1: This passage is mainly about .| A．the success of a rock star | B．the way rock stars live | | C．rich rock stars | D．the admirers of rock stars |
小题2: How much expense does Neil Young pay for a performance?| A． $10,000 | B．$33,000 | C． $32,000 | D．$38,000 |
小题3:According to passage, the underlined phrase "from hand to mouth" means .| A．they have to earn money by hand | | B．They know how to spend money in a reasonable way | | C．they earn money only for their immediate enjoyment | | D．they steal to feed their mouth when they need money |
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October 15, 1970 was declared International White Cane Safety Day (IWCSD) for the first time by the President of the International Federation of the Blind (IFB). This date was adopted at the first convention of the IFB, held in Colombo on October 4, 1969. The object of the exercise is to enable the general public to have a better understanding of blindness and visual handicap, and to make people more aware of the white cane as a mobility aid.
Peguilly d’Herbemont was born on 25th June 1888 into an old French noble family of the same name. In her youth she led the conventional and protected existence, lack of great activity, of a girl from a “good family”, an existence reminding of the life of the aristocracy(贵族) before the French Revolution. She never visited a public school, but was educated by German and English governesses and nuns. Her movements were restricted and were mainly confined to the family positions in Paris and Belgium, but she spent most of her time at the castle of Charmois not far from Verdun.
In the process of helping individual blind people across the road, Peguilly d’Herbemont was made aware by narrow scrapes(刮擦) which almost led to accidents, of the dangerous situation of the visually impaired brought about by the steadily increasing traffic on the roads. She first spoke about measures to protect the blind against street hazards to her mother in 1930, but she was of the opinion that it was unfit for a lady of good society to create a public outcry and advised her to stick to the transcription of books, a popular pastime of ladies of rank at the time.
But the idea did not leave her. The urgent wish to encourage the integration(成为一体) of the blind into society by providing them with a means of moving about more freely without endangering others, and at the same time attracting the attention of passers-by ready to offer assistance, caused her to take the unusual step of writing to the editor of the Paris daily Echo de Paris in which she suggested issuing the blind of the Paris region with white sticks similar to those used by the traffic police.
The editor took up the idea, published it in November 1930 and saw to it that the relevant authorities acted with atypical speed. Thus it was that the white cane received official backing, and on 7th February 1931.
小题1:The underlined words “the exercise” here refer to _____.| A．the founding of the IFB | B．the declaration of IWCSD | | C．the convention of the IFB | D．the first convention of the IFB |
小题2: Which of the following is true about Peguilly d’Herbemont?| A．She led a typical aristocrat life when she was young. | | B．Though she could travel around Europe, she spent most time at Charmois. | | C．She was taught German and English at a public school. | | D．She worried about possible street hazards for the blind, witnessing many traffic accidents. |
小题3:_____ gave her the white cane idea.| A．Her concern about the dangerous situation for the blind caused by the increasing traffic | | B．The accident she had when helping blind people across the road | | C．The scrapes she got when crossing the road | | D．Her urgent wish to integrate into society together with the blind |
小题4:According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?| A．Peguilly d’Herbemont’s mother didn’t want her to draw the public’s attention. | | B．It was common for people to write to newspapers to voice their opinion at the time. | | C．Peguilly’s strong desire to help the blind made her not a looker-on but an advocate. | | D．The editor contributed a lot to the declaration of International White Cane Safety Day. |
小题5:This passage mainly wants to tell us _____.| A．Peguilly d’Herbemont’s achievements | | B．how to care for the blind | | C．the function of the white cane | | D．how International White Cane Safety Day came into being |
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Maybe you know the saying, “When you point one finger, there are three fingers pointing back to you.” One wise man had a version of this when he said, “Don"t focus on the dust in your brother"s eye while the dirt in your own eye.” Why do we do this? Because criticisms are always ourselves. When we criticize others, we do not expose them, but expose ourselves. We our own weakness and smallness.
A story in the old tales the difference in wisdom between the good and the bad. Once a king both Nelson and Dick. The king asks Nelson to go out into the kingdom and after finding someone less qualified than himself. Then he asks Dick to go out into the kingdom and return after finding someone than himself.
When Fool Dick returns, he tells the king that he couldn"t find anyone better than himself. Wise Nelson says that he was to find anyone less qualified than himself on his return.
Moral of the story is something about human . Good people always look at their own and faults and consider themselves less qualified than others. Whereas bad people always look at the shortcomings and faults of others and themselves more qualified than others.
| 小题1: | | A．problem | B．wisdom | C．idea | D．action |
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| 小题2: | | A．dropping | B．holding | C．ignoring | D．neglecting |
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| 小题3: | | A．centered on | B．put up with | C．dealt with | D．moved out |
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| 小题4: | | A．forget | B．kill | C．broadcast | D．express |
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| 小题5: | | A．cancels | B．explains | C．doubts | D．illustrates |
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| 小题6: | | A．meets with | B．questions about | C．worries about | D．looks after |
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| 小题7: | | A．leave | B．return | C．wait | D．stay |
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| 小题8: | | A．better | B．faster | C．higher | D．shorter |
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| 小题9: | | A．But | B．Although | C．Moreover | D．Therefore |
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| 小题10: | | A．happy | B．quick | C．disabled | D．unable |
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| 小题11: | | A．side | B．life | C．thought | D．psychology |
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| 小题12: | | A．shortcomings | B．excuses | C．worries | D．advantages |
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| 小题13: | | A．consider | B．take | C．have | D．keep |
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The world has never faced so much trouble before. People are within themselves about natural resources, territories and especially religions. In my opinion, laughter is a universal language, which has the ability to humanity without religions. Laughter can build a common connection between various religions and create a new world . The idea may sound over-ambitious, and maybe it is. But maybe it is not. It is our deep that laughter and only the laughter can unite the world, holding up a sense of brotherhood and friendship.
Studies also show that laughter helps your body to do the following: lower blood pressure; lighten depression; reduce stress; work out the heart, for those who are unable to perform exercise. So in life, when you can laugh, you should laugh loudly and with your entire body—because it’s good for you.
| 小题1: | | A．in peace | B．in difficulty | C．at war | D．among challenge |
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| 小题2: | | A．unite | B．unfold | C．release | D．handle |
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| 小题3: | | A．position | B．ruler | C．size | D．order |
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| 小题4: | | A．belief | B．advice | C．intention | D．plan |
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| 小题5: | | A．safe | B．humorous | C．common | D．global |
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| 小题6: | | A．partly | B．intensively | C．especially | D．universally |
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| 小题7: | | A．mental | B．heart | C．physical | D．morning |
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How did your friendships begin? Most start with a short conversation on a random day. Asking about a homework assignment in class or complaining about your painful legs after playing in a soccer game, you found your best pal by accident.
“Small talk is where all your relationships begin,” Forbes magazine summed up.
The following is a five-step guide to making small talk from Bernardo J. Carducci, the director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast, US. Let’s have a look.
Getting started
Begin by talking about the setting, such as the weather outside or the room you are in (“It’s cold in here, isn’t it?”). The purpose of talking about the setting is to show the other person that you are willing to make a conversation.
②The personal introduction
You should mention something about yourself, such as your name. A good personal introduction helps move the conversation forward.
③Looking for topics
At this point, you and your conversation partner need to find common ground. This is a good time to ask questions or to refer back to things you’ve said or heard earlier. Don’t worry if it gets quiet. The other person is probably just thinking of something to say.
④Expanding the topic
The goal is to keep the conversation going. At every stage, you should be careful not to talk too much. But don’t let the other person dominate the conversation either. If that starts to happen, mention something about yourself when he or she takes a breath.
⑤A polite ending
When ending a conversation, let the person know you’ll be leaving soon, express gratitude for the conversation and set the stage for a future conversation. For example, you could say, “I really must be going soon, but I had a great time chatting with you. I really liked hearing your opinion about that new movie. Here’s my phone number. Call or text me if you know of any other movies you think I might enjoy.”
小题1:According to the article, starting by talking about the setting is meant to ________.| A．find common ground | B．impress the other person | | C．make a conversation | D．make the room warmer |
小题2:What does the underlined word “dominate” mean in Tip④?| A．interrupt | B．control | C．adapt | D．simplify |
小题3:When ending a conversation, you’d better ________.| A．talk about how much you want to keep talking | | B．show that you’ve not enjoyed the talk | | C．mention a specific movie that you love | | D．give your opinion about the other person’s earlier comments |
小题4:The main purpose of the article is to ________.| A．encourage students to make more friends | | B．give students tips on making small talk | | C．introduce popular topics for students | | D．teach students how to create friendships |
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