College libraries are designed primarily for research and study. To explain its
题型：不详难度：来源：
Suppose your assignment is to write a paper on a novel called The Sun Also Rises by American writer Hemingway．The first step is to go to the main catalog．Many small drawers on the large wooden cabinets are lined up in alphabetical(字母的) order．Each of the drawers contains hundreds of alphabetical ordered cards．These cards are printed references to all material available in the library．Title cards are cataloged by the first word of the book title, leaving out the articles like “a”, “an” and “the”．And then you get the cards for the books you need．On the upper left corner of each card is the call number．This is the numerical code that shows where the book is located in the library．The library has open and closed stacks．If your book is on the open stacks, you can go to the open-stack room, and according to the call number find it out by yourself．There are only about 30,000 books on open stacks, while most of the 800,000 books in our library are kept in closed stacks, which are accessible only to teachers and graduate students.
For undergraduates like you, borrowing books from the closed stacks have to be done with the help of our librarian．In that case, you must fill out a call slip(纸条) for the book, showing the call number, author and title．You can get call slips on tables near the catalog cabinets．You show your call slip together with your library card to a librarian at the information desk．He or she will help you find the book out in the closed stacks.
小题1:What is the main purpose of this text?
| A．To present readers a brief introduction to a college library． |
| B．To guide readers how to find books needed in a college library. |
| C．To tell readers how to fill out a call slip in a college library. |
| D．To show readers where to find books in a college library. |
| A．The letter “t”. | B．The letter “h”. | C．The letter “o”. | D．The letter “s”. |
| A．By call numbers. | B．By call slips of authors’ names. |
| C．In alphabetical order. | D．By the first word of book title. |
a. go to the main catalog b. show your call slip and library card
c. find out the call number d. fill out a call slip
e. get the cards for the books
| A．a-b-e-d-c | B．b-a-c-d-e | C．a-e-c-d-b | D．b-c-a-e-d |
答案
小题1:B
小题2:C
小题3:A
小题4:C
解析
试题分析：这篇文章讲的是教大学生怎么在图书馆找书。先找到目录，再找书卡和卡号，填写卡单，再出示图书卡和卡单。
小题1:写作意图题：从第一段的句子：To explain its use, let us choose a research topic and follow the step-by-step procedure of looking up the material for the paper．可知这篇文章讲的是教大学生怎么在图书馆找书。选B
小题2:细节题：从第二段的句子：Title cards are cataloged by the first word of the book title, leaving out the articles like “a”, “an” and “the”．可知标题卡片是以开头的单词的首字母为顺序的，要排除冠词，所以The Old Man and the Sea 应该是在字母ｏ的字母卡里面找，选C
小题3:细节题：从第二段的句子：On the upper left corner of each card is the call number．This is the numerical code that shows where the book is located in the library．可知图书馆的书是以卡号排列的，选A
小题4:排序题：从第二段的内容：可知先找到目录，在找书卡，然后是卡号，从第三段的句子：可知先填写卡单，再出示图书卡和卡单，选C
举一反三
To solve the problem, we should have to double our food production. We can also develop a diet of algae（海藻）, insects and meat grown in laboratories.
Algae can grow very quickly at sea, in polluted water and in places that would normally kill food crops. They are already eaten widely in Japan and China and they are eaten by almost everything from shrimps to blue whales. They can fix CO2 in the atmosphere and provide fats and sugars.
Man-made meat looks like meat, feels like meat and it is meat, although it’s never been from a living, breathing animal. Instead, it is grown from cells in big containers. Moreover, studies show that producing man-made meat will use far less water, energy and land.
China has developed “green super rice”, a series of rice types which produce more grain and have stronger ability to fight against floods, salty water, insects and disease. We used traditional plant breeding（作物育种）techniques to cross-breed more than 250 rice types. Green super rice, which is enough to feed an extra 100 million people, will be planted widely in the coming years.
Insects like ants are not on most European menus but at least 1,400 kinds are eaten across Africa, Latin America and Asia. Now, with rising food prices and worldwide land shortages, such insects are getting more and more popular. Not only are many insects rich in protein（蛋白质）, low in fat and high in Ca and Fe, but insect farms need little space. And they can grow well on paper, algae and industrial wastes.
小题1:In order to exist in the future, people have to _______.
| A．move to other planets |
| B．produce rain in laboratories |
| C．build new laboratories for food research |
| D．increase the food production or look for other food sources |
| A．algae have a strong life force |
| B．few people eat algae now |
| C．algae have few values for human beings |
| D．algae can pollute our environment |
| A．has to be watered with salty water |
| B．can grow even in a bad environment |
| C．includes no more than 250 rice kinds |
| D．was developed with new technologies |
| A．Green super rice is delicious but high in price. |
| B．In Asia about 100 million people may be faced with food shortages. |
| C．Man-made meat doesn’t look like meat but has the same taste as real meat. |
| D．One of the reasons why many people begin to eat insects is their rich food value. |
For book lovers, the most important thing is to get books on time. Therefore, you need to find a reliable(可靠的) online bookstore that will be able to provide fast deliveries(送货).
Here are some tips to use when choosing an online bookstore. Some online bookstores are popular for fiction books; some are for non-fiction books or novels, etc. Understanding their specialization will help you get the right kind of books in time. Check whether you will be buying the books from a third-party seller or directly from the website. Although the website could be reputable(声誉好的)，third-party sellers advertised on their site may not have a good reputation. Never jump at stores that offer super cheap prices, as books sold at such low prices could be in very bad condition.
Most of the popular online bookstores offer useful tools. One tool is a wish list tool on its website. You can update(更新) the list of books you wish to buy in the future. The bookstore will know what you want and will e-mail you immediately when the book of your choice is available.
小题1: Why do you think online bookstores are much better than traditional ones?
| A．Because online bookstores offer readers the latest books. |
| B．Because online bookstores offer readers more kinds of books to choose from. |
| C．Because online bookstores offer readers the lowest prices. |
| D．Because online bookstores offer readers more about their favorite authors. |
| A．By comparing service. |
| B．By asking for discounts. |
| C．By reading online reviews |
| D．By asking booksellers for advice. |
| A．The speed of deliveries | B．The author of books. |
| C．The prices of books. | D．The condition of books. |
| A．learn about the number of the books |
| B．get to know more reliable booksellers |
| C．pay for their books more quickly |
| D．buy their favorite books in time |
| A．How to choose a reliable online bookstore. |
| B．How to avoid buying bad condition books online. |
| C．How to understand the specialization of an online bookstore. |
| D．How to advertise on the website to get a good reputation. |
Many blind people use guide dogs to help them get safely from place to place and to warn them of danger. But what can blind people do if they are allergic（过敏的）to dogs or just don’t like them? For some people, the answer is provided by the Guide
Horse Foundation.
Janet and Don Burleson founded the organization in 1999. They began training miniature horses to help guide blind people. Miniature horses look just like regular horses, only much smaller. They are generally less than 34 inches tall.
Cuddles was the foundation’s first guide horse in full service（服务）. She became 45-year-old Dan Shaw’s helper. Shaw has an eye disease and his sight is very poor. One night, while filling out a form to get a guide dog, Shaw heard a news story on TV about people training horses to guide the blind. Shaw loves horses and wanted a guide animal that would live a long time. He applied（申请）, and a year later, Cuddles and Shaw began training as a team.
On a trip to New York, Cuddles helped Shaw safely tour Times Square, a very busy part of the city at night. The next day, Cuddles calmly rode the elevator with Shaw to the crowded top of the Empire State Building, a famous tall building. Cuddles even guided Shaw on the boat ride to the Statue of Liberty（自由女神像）, and traveled on the subway system.
Shaw says that he is very lucky to have Cuddles. He believes that Cuddles has changed his life for the better by giving him the chance to do things himself and making him feel much more confident about himself.
小题1:The Guide Horse Foundation __________.
| A．was set up by one person |
| B．has different kinds of horses |
| C．trains horses to guide blind people |
| D．has a history of several hundred years |
| A．live a shorter life than guide dogs |
| B．are much smaller than regular horses |
| C．are more friendly to people than dogs |
| D．are different from regular horses in many ways |
| A．became blind at age 45 |
| B．has a great love for horses |
| C．heard about guide horses from a friend |
| D．got a guide horse as soon as he applied |
| A．making him famous |
| B．helping to calm him |
| C．giving him confidence |
| D．helping him start an organization |
| A．special animals can help people do seemingly impossible things |
| B．blind people are brave to face many challenges |
| C．horses are better than dogs as guide animals |
| D．New York City is a magical city |
Just recently, passengers waiting for a train to Peterborough heard the following announcement, “For reasons beyond our control, we regret to inform passengers that the 13:46 Train to Peterborough has been cancelled. The next train will be arriving on Platform in approximately 36 minutes.”
Oh, well, another delayed train, thought most passengers. But a couple of them decided to enquire further. Incredibly, they were informed that the real reason for the non-arrival of the train was that the driver refused to do his job because his seat was wet.
“A wet seat? That’s got to be a joke,” said one passenger angrily. “I wouldn’t normally complain if the train is just a bit delayed, but this was unbelievable, ” he added. “What really made me angry is that this driver refused to get in the train,” said another passenger. “He probably went off for a cup of tea after that!” she added.
A spokesperson for the rail company apologized for the incident, but said the driver couldn’t sit on the damp seat, and wouldn’t be able to drive the train standing up. The spokesperson went on to explain that the seat had become wet after water entered through an open window when the train was being cleaned in a “train wash”
In another transport-related incident, a flight from Chicago to Frankfurt made an emergency landing in Canada after the pilot spilled his coffee. Apparently, the spilt liquid caused the plane’s radio to send out “transponder code 7500”, which is used to inform ground control that there’s been a hi-jacking (劫机). After landing in Toronto, the 255 passengers crew members were put up in a hotel for the night, then flown on to Frankfurt the following afternoon. “What a disgusting trip!” said one tired passenger after the painful experience had ended.
So, does your job have the potential to cause such disorder?
小题1:Why did the driver of the train refused to do his job?
| A．His seat was damp. | B．His pay was low |
| C．The weather was terrible | D．His coffee was spilled |
| A．damp | B．unimportant | C．emergent | D．convincing |
| A．the plane was hijacked |
| B．the plane engines went wrong |
| C．the pilot ran out of coffee |
| D．the plane’s radio sent out a wrong signal |
| A．Wet seat, Canceled Train! |
| B．Spilled Coffee, Emergency Landing! |
| C．Small Incident, Big Disruptions! |
| D．Innocent Driver, Angry Passengers! |
The cigarette industry began in 1870s with the development of the cigarette manufacturing machine. This made it possible to produce great numbers of cigarettes very quickly, and it reduced the price.
Today cigarette smoking is a widespread habit. About forty-three percent of the adult men and thirty-one percent of the adult women in the United States smoke cigarettes regularly. It is encouraging to note, however, that millions of people have quit smoking. Seventy-five percent of the male population and forty-six percent of the female population have smoked cigarettes for some time during their lives, but twenty-six percent of these men and eleven percent of the women have stopped smoking. The number of persons who have given up smoking is increasing. Men as a group smoke more than women. Among both men and women the age group with the highest proportion of smokers is the age group 24—44.
Income, education, and occupation all play a part in determining a person’s smoking habit. City people smoke more than people living on farms. Well-educated men with high incomes are less likely to smoke cigarettes than men with fewer years of schooling and lower incomes. On the other hand, if a well-educated man with a higher income smokes, he’s likely to smoke more packs of cigarettes per day.
The situation is somewhat different for women. There are slightly more smokers among women with higher family incomes and higher education than among the lower income and lower educational groups. These more highly educated women tend to smoke more heavily.
Among teenagers the picture is similar. There are fewer teenager smokers from upper-income, well-educated families, and also fewer from families living in farm areas. High school students who are preparing for college are less likely to smoke than those who don’t plan to continue their education after high school. Children are most likely to start smoking if one or both of their parents smoke.
小题1:The underlined word “picture” in the last paragraph probably means _____________.
| A．situation | B．photo | C．painting | D．teenager |
| A．The group of women. | B．The group of teenagers. |
| C．The group of men. | D．The group of old people. |
| A．Income and sex. | B．Education and occupation |
| C．Sex and age. | D．All the above. |
| A．probably not smoke in the future. |
| B．probably start to smoke in the future. |
| C．persuade his parents to give up smoking. |
| D．hate his parents as well as other smokers. |
| A．It wasn’t until the twentieth century that cigarettes became an important threat to public. |
| B．More and more people are giving up smoking. |
| C．A poorly-educated woman with lower income is more likely to smoke than a well-educated woman with high income. |
| D．There are the most smokers in the age group of 24-44. |
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