Sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature．However, whether you a
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Sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature．However, whether you are on the mountains, in the waves, or on the grassland, you should be aware that your sport of choice might have great influence on the environment．
Some sports are resource-hungry. Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water．Besides, all sorts of chemicals and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses in good condition．This causes major environmental effects．For example, in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain, golf is often held responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas．
There are many environment-friendly sports. Power walking is one of them that you can take up today. You don’t need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes; and you don’t have to worry about resources and your purse．Simple and free, power walking can also keep you fit．If you walk regularly, it will be good for your heart and bones．Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious, sleep well and have better weight control．
Whatever sport you take up, you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials．But the final goal should be “green gyms”．They are better replacements for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers．Members of green gyms play sports outdoors, in the countryside or other open spaces．There is no special requirement for you to start your membership．And best of all, it’s free．
小题1:The author thinks the golf is resource-hungry because of the following EXCEPT that_____．| A．Golf wastes large areas of countryside | | B．Golf runs out of much water | | C．Keeping golf court in good condition needs too much energy | | D．Golf is bad for people’s health |
小题2:According to the passage, which of the following is an environment-friendly sport?| A．hiking in the hills | | B．swimming in the pool | | C．playing basketball in the gym | | D．motor racing in the desert |
小题3:The reason why the author uses power walking as an example mainly is because _________．| A．it improves our health | B．it is an outdoor sport | | C．it uses fewer resources | D．it is recommended by experts |
小题4:The purpose of the author’s writing this passage is to ______．| A．show us the function of major sports | | B．encourage us to go in for green sports | | C．discuss the major influence of popular sports | | D．introduce different types of environment-friendly sports |
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答案
小题1:D
小题2:A
小题3:C
小题4:B |
解析
小题1:细节题。结合第一段可知A. B . C.项都正确，而D项文章中没有涉及。
小题2:推断题。作者认为绿色运动的特点是：对环境有利，并且不耗费太多的成本。
小题3:细节题。由第二段话可知从由利于环境（environment-friendly）考虑的。
小题4:写作意图题。最后一段话明确告诉我们作者的目的是让我们能够去从事environment-friendly的运动。 |
举一反三
Why do some people flush when they drink alcohol? This effect is a common reaction to alcohol among East Asians. It affects about 36 percent of Japanese, Chinese and Koreans.
For many, even a small amount of alcohol can cause unpleasant effects. Most commonly, their face, neck and sometimes their whole body turn red. People might also feel uncomfortable and sick to their stomach. They might experience a burning sensation, increased heart rate, shortness of breath and headaches.
The cause is a genetic difference that they are born with called an ALDH2 deficiency (缺乏). It prevents their bodies from treating alcohol the way other people do. But the effects might be more serious than just a red face. Researchers warn of a link between this condition and an increased risk of cancer of the esophagus (食道) from drinking alcohol.
The more alcohol people with this deficiency drink, the greater their risk is. In Japan and South Korea, for example, many people have the deficiency but still drink heavily. Researchers found that these drinkers develop a form of esophageal cancer six to ten times more often than those without the deficiency.
Esophageal cancer is one of the deadliest cancers. It can be treated when found early, but once it grows the chances of survival drop sharply. The researchers estimate that at least five hundred forty million people have the deficiency, about eight percent of the world’s population.
Philip Brooks is a researcher at the National Institute in the United States. He says it is important to educate people about the link between the alcohol flushing effect and esophageal cancer. He says doctors should ask East Asian patients about their experiences with facial flushing after drinking alcohol. Those with a history of it should be advised to limit their alcohol use. They should also be warned that cigarette smoking works with the alcohol in a way that further increases the risk of esophageal cancer.
小题1:The underlined word “flush” in Paragraph 1 probably means “_________”.| A．walk unsteadily | B．appear unpleasant | | C．turn red in the face | D．talk more than usual |
小题2:The second paragraph is mainly about _________.| A．the cause of the effects of alcohol | B．unpleasant effects caused by alcohol | | C．the advantages of drinking alcohol | D．Asians and alcohol |
小题3:We can infer from the passage that _________.| A．the ALDH2 deficiency may be passed on from generation to generation | | B．about 36 percent of Japanese, Chinese and Koreans are heavy drinkers | | C．unpleasant effects occur only when people with this deficiency drink a lot | | D．only some East Asians have the ALDH2 deficiency |
小题4:Esophageal cancer is one of the deadliest cancers because _________.| A．it can’t be treated at all | | B．it is hard to be discovered early | | C．people are usually addicted to alcohol | | D．it is hard to cure once it has developed |
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Passing Your Love On
Waiting for the airplane to take off, I was happy to get a seat by myself. Just then, an air hostess approached me and asked, “Would you mind 36 your seat? A couple would like to sit together.” The only 37 seat was next to a girl with her arms in casts（石膏绷带）, a black-and-blue face, and a sad 38 . “No way am I going to sit there,” I thought immediately. But a soft voice spoke, “She needs help.” Finally, I 39 to move to that seat.
The girl was named Kathy. She had been in a car accident and 40 was on her way for 41 .
When the snack and juice arrived, it did not take me long to 42 that Kathy would not be able to 43 herself. I considered 44 to feed her but hesitated, as it seemed too 45 to offer a service to a 46 . But then I realized that Kathy’s need was more 47 than my discomfort. I offered to help her eat, and 48 she was uncomfortable to accept, she 49 as I expected. We became closer and closer in a short period of time. By the end of the five-hour trip, my heart had 50 , and the time was really 51 spent than if I had just sat by myself.
I was very glad I had reached 52 my comfort zone to sit next to Kathy and feed her. Love 53 flows beyond human borders and removes the fears that keep us 54 . When we stretch to serve another, we grow to live 55 a larger and more rewarding world.
| 小题1: | | A．leaving | B．changing | C．taking | D．giving |
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| 小题2: | | A．comfortable | B．suitable | C．available | D．favorable |
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| 小题3: | | A．heart | B．expression | C．action | D．thought |
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| 小题4: | | A．decided | B．wanted | C．regretted | D．promised |
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| 小题5: | | A．immediately | B．lately | C．recently | D．now |
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| 小题6: | | A．treatment | B．travel | C．pleasure | D．business |
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| 小题7: | | A．know | B．say | C．realize | D．recognize |
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| 小题8: | | A．eat | B．feed | C．choose | D．support |
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| 小题9: | | A．offering | B．needing | C．stopping | D．trying |
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| 小题10: | | A．impolite | B．far | C．close | D．fast |
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| 小题11: | | A．girl | B．neighbor | C．passenger | D．stranger |
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| 小题12: | | A．unusual | B．direct | C．important | D．shameful |
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| 小题13: | | A．when | B．although | C．since | D．as |
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| 小题14: | | A．refused | B．wondered | C．cried | D．did |
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| 小题15: | | A．warmed | B．jumped | C．broken | D．cheered |
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| 小题16: | | A．good | B．worse | C．better | D．bad |
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| 小题17: | | A．below | B．through | C．across | D．beyond |
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| 小题18: | | A．seldom | B．never | C．hardly | D．sometimes |
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| 小题19: | | A．separate | B．independent | C．silent | D．upset |
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One day a few years ago a very funny thing happened to a neighbor of mine. He is a teacher at one of London’s big medical schools, He had finished his teaching for the summer term and was at the airport on his way to Russia to give a lecture.
He had put a few clothes and his lecture notes in his shoulder bag, but he had put Rupert, the skeleton (人体骨骼) to be used in his lecture, in a large brown suitcase (箱子). At the airport desk, he suddenly thought that he had forgotten to buy a newspaper. He left his suitcase near the desk and went over to the shop.
When he got back he discovered that someone had taken his suitcase by mistake. He often wonders what they said when they got home and found Rupert.
小题1:Who wrote the story?| A．Rupert’s teacher. | B．The neighbour’s teacher. | | C．A medical school teacher. | D．The teacher’s neighbour. |
小题2: Why did the teacher put a skeleton in his suitcase?| A．He needed it for the summer term in London. | | B．He needed it for the lecture he was going to give. | | C．He wanted to take it to Russia for medical research. | | D．He wanted to take it home as he had finished his teaching. |
小题3:What happened at the airport?| A．The skeleton went missing . | B．The skeleton was stolen . | | C．The teacher forgot his suitcase. | D．The teacher took the wrong suitcase . |
小题4:Which of the following best tells the teacher’s feeling about the incident?| A．He is very angry . | B．He thinks it rather funny . | | C．He feels helpless without Rupert. | D．He feels good without Rupert . |
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Jean"s father was a farm plane pilot in the little farming community in Northern California where she was raised, and _36_Jean was totallyattracted by airplanes and flying.
In her senior year of high school, her English teacher was Mrs. Dorothy Slaton. Mrs. Slaton was a _37_, demanding teacher with high standards and a low _38_ for excuses. She refused to treat her students like _39_, instead expecting them to behave like the _40_ adults they would have to be to succeed in the real world after graduation. Jean was _41_ of her at first but grew to respect her firmness and fairness gradually.
One day Mrs. Slaton gave the class a written _42_. "What do you think you’ll be doing 10 years from now?” Jean’s dream was to be a pilot like her father, but as the years went by, she had been beaten down by the _43_ and negative words she got whenever she talked about her career, so she unwillingly gave it up and wrote something else. Mrs. Slaton collected the papers and nothing more was said. Two weekslater, the teacher handed back the assignments, _44_ the students to face it down on the desk, and asked this question: "If you had enough finances and unlimited _45_, what would you do? Please write it on the _46_ of your previous assignment paper.”
When the students stopped writing, the teacher asked, "How many of you wrote the same thing on _47_ sides of the paper?" Not one hand went up.
The next thing that Mrs. Slaton said changed the course of Jean’s life. The teacher leaned forward _48_ her desk and said, "I have a little secret for you all. You do have _49_ abilities and talents. You do have access to the finest schools, and you can arrange plenty of finances if you want something _50_ enough. This is it! When you leave school, _51_ you don’t go for your dreams, no one will do it for you. You can have _52_ you want if you want it enough.”
What her teacher said touched Jean so much! In the following years, she tried her best to realize her dream of becoming a pilot. Although it didn’t happen _53_, she finally became one of the first three female pilot trainees ever _54_ by United Airlines. Today, Jean Harper is a Boeing 737 captain.
It was the power of one well-placed _55_ word that gave that uncertain young girl the strength and faith to pursue her dream.
| 小题1: | | A．so | B．therefore | C．besides | D．otherwise |
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| 小题2: | | A．hard-working | B．kind | C．strict | D．lazy |
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| 小题3: | | A．interest | B．tolerance | C．courage | D．help |
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| 小题4: | | A．children | B．boys | C．girls | D．students |
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| 小题5: | | A．responsible | B．notable | C．knowledgeable | D．capable |
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| 小题6: | | A．bored | B．frustrated | C．tired | D．scared |
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| 小题7: | | A．homework | B．assignment | C．paper | D．lecture |
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| 小题8: | | A．approving | B．inspiring | C．indifferent | D．discouraging |
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| 小题9: | | A．requiring | B．suggesting | C．demanding | D．hoping |
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| 小题10: | | A．work | B．chances | C．money | D．problems |
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| 小题11: | | A．title | B．back | C．right | D．front |
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| 小题12: | | A．same | B．different | C．neither | D．both |
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| 小题14: | | A．limited | B．unlimited | C．countable | D．reasonable |
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| 小题15: | | A．hardly | B．badly | C．impossibly | D．likely |
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| 小题16: | | A．if | B．unless | C．whether | D．until |
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| 小题17: | | A．that | B．what | C．which | D．when |
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| 小题18: | | A．overnight | B．some day | C．the other day | D．fortnight |
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| 小题19: | | A．realized | B．received | C．accepted | D．accomplished |
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| 小题20: | | A．encouraged | B．sensitive | C．meaning | D．positive |
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Q My daughter is a junior in high school and has been on an individualized education program since fourth grade. She plans to go to college and intends to finish with a master’s degree. Her performance is fairly good, but test scores are very low. She has held many leadership and volunteer positions. We have been advised to have her write an essay about how her learning disability is a barrier that she has overcome. Will that help or hurt her chances for admission?
—Deborah
A First let me answer the question on low standardized test scores (ACT/ SAT). There are hundreds of colleges that are “test optional” which means students can choose not to release their test scores in the application process. Admission decisions at these colleges for students who do not submit their test scores are made based on other factors. A list of test optional colleges can be found at fairtest.org. It is important, however, to make sure that the college is the right fit academically regardless of the test optional policy.
You also asked if your daughter should write about her disability and if this would hurt her chances of being admitted. Please know that colleges do not deny admission based on disability. “Disclosing” a learning disability in a personal statement within the college application can certainly help. By writing a personal statement, students can potentially demonstrate, for example, their understanding of the challenge they face. They might also demonstrate an improved grade trend in that subject area, and show interest in more complex courses in spite of this disability. More importantly, a student disclosure can show self-confidence, motivation and an understanding of the disability.
—Ms. Kravis
小题1:What do we know about Deborah’s daughter?| A．She is applying for a master’s degree. | | B．She is very active in her high school. | | C．Her disability prevents her studying well. | | D．She has difficulty overcoming her learning disability. |
小题2:According to Ms. Kravis, what can Deborah do about her daughter’s low test scores?| A．Keep them secret | B．Explain the reasons | | C．Stress other aspects | D．Work hard to improve |
小题3:What is Ms. Kravis’ attitude toward one’s declaring his/ her learning disability?| A．Supportive | B．Opposed | C．Doubtful | D．Unconcerned |
小题4:According to the text, Ms. Kravis is probably .| A．an editor | B．a school leader | | C．a psychological | D．an educational expert |
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