Beware of those who use the truth to cheat. When someone tells you something tha
题型：不详难度：来源：
For example, someone might say,“I just won a hundred dollars on the lottery（抽奖）. It was great. I took that dollar ticket back to the store and turned it in for one hundred dollars!”
This guy’s a winner, right? Maybe, maybe not. We then discover that he bought two hundred tickets, and only one was a winner. He’s really a big loser!
He didn’t say anything that was false, but he deliberately omitted important information. That’s called a half-truth. Half-truths are not technically lies, but they are just as dishonest.
Untrustworthy candidates in political campaigns often use this tactic (策略). Let’s say that during Governor Smith’s last term, her state lost one million jobs and gained three million jobs. Then she seeks another term. One of her opponents runs an as saying, “During Government Smith’s term, the state lost one million jobs!”That’s true. However an honest statement would have been, “During Governor Smith’s term, the state had a net (净余的) gain of two million jobs.”
Advertisers will sometimes use half-truths. It’s against the law to make false claims so they try to mislead you with the truth. An ad might say, “Nine out of ten doctors recommend Yucky Pills to cure nose pimples (丘疹).” It fails to mention that they only asked ten doctors and nine of them work for the Yucky Corporation.
This kind of deception happens too often. It’s a sad fact of lif
e: Lies are lies, and sometimes the truth can lie as well.小题1: Which statement is true according to the article?
| A．Whenever people tell the truth, they are really lying. |
| B．The truth can be used in dishonest ways |
| C．All governors help their states. |
| D．You can’t trust gamblers (赌博的人) |
| A．vote for female candidates |
| B．know that lies are lies |
| C．never trust anyone |
| D．think carefully about what they read and hear |
| A．Lying With the Truth | B．Everyone Lies |
| C．Yucky Corporation | D．Nose Pimples |
答案
小题1:B
小题1:D
小题1:A
解析
举一反三
He may have the belief that he is unable to do it. A child may think he is 36 because he doesn’t understand how to make 37 use of his mental gifts. Old people may have a false idea that they are unable to learn new things because of their 38 .
A person who believes that he is stupid will not make a real 39 because he feels that it would be useless. He won’t go at a job with confidence necessary for 40 . Besides, he won’t work his hardest way, even though he may think he is doing so. 41 , he is likely to fail, and the failure will 42 his belief in his incompetence（无能）in turn.
Alfred Alder, a famous doctor, had 43 like this. When he was a small boy, he had a poor 44 in math. His teacher told his parents he had no ability in math in order that they would not 45 too much of him. In this way, his teacher and parents 46 the idea. He 47 their false judgment of his ability, feeling that it was useless to 48 . Then, he was very poor at math, 49 as they expected.
But one day everything changed. He worked out a problem which 50 of the other students had been able to solve. He 51 in solving the problem which gave him confidence. Soon he became especially good at 52 .
Alder now 53 with interest, determination and purpose. He not only proved that he could learn math well, but luckily he learned it 54 , not too late. From his own experience, we can tell that if a person goes at a job with determination and purpose, he may 55 himself as well as others by his ability.
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It is to be expected that the selections will change over time. Yet there is a surprising uniformity (一致性) in the lists which represent the best choices of any period. In every age, the list makers include both ancient and modern books in their selections, and they always wonder whether the moderns are up to the great books of the past.
What are the signs by which we may recognize a great book? The four I will mention may not be all there are, but they are the ones I’ve found most useful in explaining my choices over the years.
Great books are probably the most widely read. They are enduring best sellers. Gone with the Wind has had relatively few readers compared to the plays of Shakespeare or Don Quixote. It would be reasonable to estimate that Homer Iliad has been read by at least 25,000,000 people in the last 3000 years.
Great books are popular, not pedantic. They are not written by specialists about specialties for specialists. Whether they are philosophy or science, or history or poetry, they treat of human, not academic problems. They are written for men, not professors. To read a textbook for advanced students, you have to read an elementary textbook first. But the great books can be considered elementary in the sense that they treat the elements of any subject matter. They are not related to one another as a series of textbooks, graded in difficulty or in the technicality of the problems with which they deal.
Great books are always contemporary, the most readable and instructive.
Great books deal with the continuously unsolved problems of human life. There are mysteries in the world that mark the limits of human knowing and thinking. Inquiry not begins with wonder, but usually ends with it also. Great minds acknowledge mysteries only honestly. Wisdom is encouraged, not destroyed, by understanding its limitations.
小题1:Which is not the criterion in the following when considering a great book?
| A．Although not a best seller, it must be the most widely read． |
| B．A great book can be read without any effort． |
| C．Great books are never out of date． |
| D．Great books will not disappoint you if you try to read them well． |
| A．a best seller | B．disliked by readers who like Shakespeare |
| C．read more often than Don Quixote | D．a great book |
| A．showing the feelings, esp., those of kindness, which people are supposed to have |
| B．serving as practical examples |
| C．being elementary |
| D．paying too much attention to details in books |
| A．Great Books in Your Life | B．Great Books in Your Specialty |
| C．How to Find a Great Book? | D．What Is a Great Book? |
In America, people will include a case or two of bottled water when buying the week"s groceries（日用杂货）．When they are going to a soccer game or activity, it"s common for them to grab a cold bottle of water out of the fridge with them．In fact, Americans buy more bottled water than any other nation in the world, about 29 billion bottles a year．
But all these plastic bottles use a lot of fossil fuels and pollute the environment．In order to make all the 29 billion bottles, producers use 17 million barrels of crude oil, which is enough to keep a million cars going for 12 months．
So why don"t people drink water straight from the tap? Some people have a strong belief that bottled water is better than water out of the tap, but that"s not necessarily true．In the US, the local governments make sure water from the tap is safe．There is also growing concern that chemicals in the bottles themselves may go into the water．
People love the convenience of bottled water．But maybe if they realized the problems it causes, they would try drinking from a glass at home or carrying water in a reusable steel container instead of plastic．
Some argue that plastic bottle recycling can help．Recycled bottles can be turned into items like carpeting or clothing．Unfortunately, only one in six bottles is recycled．The rest make it to landfills（垃圾填坦场） or end as trash in other places．Plastic bottles take hundreds of years for them to disintegrate．
Water is important for you, so keep drinking it．But think about how often you use water bottles, and see if you can make a change．
And yes, you can make a difference．Remember this: Recycling one plastic bottle can save enough energy to power a 60-watt light bulb for six hours．
小题1:How many cars can be kept going for a year by the crude oil used to make 29 billion bottles?
| A．100． | B．I,000． | C．100,000． | D．I,000,000． |
| A．Bottled water is better than water from the tap． |
| B．Bottled water is cheaper than water from the tap． |
| C．Bottled water contains beneficial chemicals in it． |
| D．Bottled water is more convenient than water from the tap． |
| A．Be well recycled． | B．Become less poisonous． |
| C．Break into small pieces． | D．Go down below a surface． |
| A．drink more water from the tap |
| B．send plastic bottles to landfills. |
| C．use water bottles to power light bulbs |
| D．buy bottles filled with water from the tap |
e are particular favorable qualities, which attract others to us, and some fundamental psychological do’s and don’ts．If you are in the presence of a shy person, talking and asking casual questions may bring him out of his shell. Think of what would be most acceptable to the other person for you to talk, or to listen. Either way, the goal is to make yourself pleasant．
Always remember to listen, but listen intelligently. To have anyone “hang on our words” is the most unnoticeably clever way in the world to please somebody．For a few extremely happy seconds we are the center of attraction，but when it is our turn to be audience，let us remember how we felt as the actor，and let’s be genuinely interested in what the other fellow is saying．
Other people will l
ike us, if we like them. If you want friends, keep your mind and heart open to friendship. Be alive to the other person’s world．小题1:This passage is mainly about________.
| A．the way of talking to a shy person |
| B．some favorable qualities to be a psychologist |
| C．how to make yourself attractive to listeners |
| D．how to make a friend and be a friend |
| A．make him become active | B．make him feel more nervous |
| C．help him understand the question better | D．help him listen intelligently |
| A．attract them | B．be attracted | C．listen attentively | D．talk widely |
| A．Faithfulness. | B．Devotion． | C．Punctuality. | D．Unselfishness. |
“I was on the way to a personal-injury accident in West Nashville．As I got onto Highway 40，blue lights and sirens(警笛)going.I fell in behind a gold Pontiac Firebird that suddenly seemed to take off quickly down the highway．The driver somehow panicked at the sight of me．He was going more than a hundred miles an hour and began passing cars on the shoulder．”
But Hyde couldn’t go after him．Taking care of injured people is always more important than worrying about speeders，so the officer had to stay on his way to the accident．But he did try to keep the Firebird in sight as he drove，hoping another nearby unit would be able to step in and stop the speeding car．As it turned out，keeping the Firebird in sight was not that difficult．Every turn the Pontiac made was the very turn the officer needed to get to the accident scene.
Hyde followed the Pontiac all the way to his destination(目的地)．At that point he found another unit had already arrived at the accident scene．His help wasn’t needed.Now he was free to try to stop the driver of the Firebird，who by this time had developed something new to panic about．
“Just about that time，” Hyde said，“I saw fire coming out from under that car，with blue smoke and oil going everywhere.He’d blown his engine．Now he had to stop．”
“After I arrested him．I asked him why he was running．He told me he didn’t have a driver’s license(执照)．”
That accident cost the driver of the Firebird plenty---a thousand dollars for the new engine---not to mention the charges for driving without a license，attempting to run away，and dangerous driving．
小题1:The underlined word“panicked”in Paragraph 2 means .
| A．feared | B．hated | C．excited | D．satisfied |
| A．he was racing with another driver on the road |
| B．he realized he had to hurry to the accident scene |
| C．he thought the police officer wanted to stop him |
| D．he wanted to overtake other cars on the shoulder |
| A．Someone else was taking care of the injured person． |
| B．The Pontiac reached its destination at the accident scene． |
| C．Hyde knew where he was going by following the right car． |
| D．The policeman was running after a speeder on Highway 40 |
| A．Going My Way? | B．Help on the Way? |
| C．Fun All theWay? | D．Losing His Way? |
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