NOT all memories are sweet. Some people spend all their lives trying to forget b
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NOT all memories are sweet. Some people spend all their lives trying to forget bad experiences. Violence and traffic accidents can leave people with terrible physical and emotional scars. Often they relive these experiences in nightmares.
Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, which will help people forget bad memories. The pill is designed to be taken immediately after a frightening experience. They hope it might reduce ,or possibly erase(抹去),the effect of painful memories.
In November, experts tested a drug on people in the US and France. The drug stops the body releasing chemicals that fix memories in the brain. So far the research has suggested that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced, not that the memories are erased.
The research has caused a great deal of argument. Some think it is a bad idea, While others support it.
Supporters say it could lead to pills that prevent or treat soldiers" troubling memories after war. They say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories.
"Some memories can ruin people"s lives . They come back to you when you don"t want to have them in a daydream or nightmare. They usually come with very painful emotions," said Roger Pitman, a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. "This could relieve a lot of that suffering."
But those who are against the research say that changing memories is very dangerous because memories give us our identity (特质). They also help us all avoid the mistakes of the past.
"All of us can think of bad events in our lives that were horrible at the time but make us who we are. I"m not sure we want to wipe those memories out, "said Rebecca Dresser, a medical ethicist.
1. The passage is mainly about_____________.
A. a new medical invention B. a new research on the pill
C. a way of erasing painful memories D. an argument about the research on the pill
2. The drug tested on people can_____________.
A. cause the brain to fix memories
B. stop people remembering bad experiences
C. prevent body producing certain chemicals
D. Wipe out the emotional effects of memories
3. We can infer from the passage that_____________.
A. people doubt the effects of the pills
B. the pill will stop people"s bad experiences
C. taking the pill will do harm to people"s health
D. the pill has probably been produced in America
4. Which of the following does Rebecca Dresser agree with?
A. Some memories can ruin people"s lives.
B. People want to get rid of bad memories.
C. Experiencing bad events makes us different from others.
D. The pill will reduce people"s sufferings from bad memories. |
答案
小题1:D
小题2:C
小题3:A
小题4:C |
解析
| 略 |
举一反三
The purpose of a letter of application(求职信) is to help you to “sell” yourself. It should state__16___ the job you want, and should tell what your abilities are and what you have ___17___. It should be simple, human, personal and brief without ___18___ out any necessary facts.
In writing a letter of application, keep in ___19___ that the things a possible employer is most ___20___ to want to know about are your qualifications(条件), your achievements and your aims. The opening paragraph is perhaps the most important part. ___21___ the first few sentences fail to ___22___ the reader’s attention, the rest of the letter may not be __23___ at all. Try to key your opening remarks to the needs or interests of the employer not ___24___ your own need or desires. For example, instead of beginning with “I saw your ___25___ in today’s newspaper,” you might say “I have made a careful ___26___ of your advertising during the past six months” or “I have made a survey in my neighborhood to find out how many housewives ___27___ your product and why they like it. ”
Try to ___28___ generalities. Be clear about the kind of job for which you are now ___29___. College graduates looking for their first positions often ask “What can I ___30___ in a letter? Employers want experience—which, naturally, no ___31___ has.” The answer is that everything you have ever done is ___32___.
It is important to write a good strong closing for your letter. ___33___ a specific request for an interview or give the possible employer something definite to do or expect. An excellent ___34___ is to enclose(内附) a stamped, self-addressed envelope with your letter. That makes it ___35___ for a possible employer to get in touch with you.
16. A. clearly B. carefully C. obviously D. easily
17. A. found B. done C. known D. heard
18. A. sending B. taking C. leaving D. picking
19. A. brain B. sight C. order D. mind
20. A. probable B. possible C. likely D. able
21. A. While B. Although C. As D. If
22. A. pay B. win C. show D. fix
23. A. kept B. continued C. written D. read
24. A. to B. for C. into D. from
25. A. advertisement B. report C. article D. introduction
26. A. watch B. search C. study D. discussion
27. A. change B. make C. sell D. use
28. A. avoid B. remember C. protect D. gain
29. A. losing B. applying C. preparing D. fitting
30. A. do B. write C. mean D. provide
31. A. worker B. beginner C. owner D. manager
32. A. success B. development C. practice D. experience
33. A. Make B. Ask C. State D. Get
34. A. result B. decision C. promise D. idea
35. A. happier B. easier C. cheaper D. safer |
The 16 picked up the thermos and poured some hot water into the tea-cup and placed it on the small table in front of his 17 , who were a father and daughter, and put the lid on the cup with a clink．Apparently 18 of something, he hurried into the inner room, leaving the 19 on the table．His two guests heard a chest of drawers opening and a rustling （飒飒响声）．
They 20 sitting in the living-room, the 10-year-old daughter, looking at the flowers outside the window．The father was just about to take his cup when the 21 came, right there in the living-room．Something was hopelessly broken．
It was the thermos, which had fallen to the floor．The girl looked 22 her shoulder at once, startled （吓一跳）, 23 ．It was 24 neither of them had touched it, not even a little bit．
The sound caused the host to rush back from the inner room．He looked at the 25 floor and blurted out, “It doesn’t matter, it doesn’t matter!”
The father started to say something．Then he muttered, “Sorry, I 26 it and it fell．”
“ It doesn’t matter,” the host said．
Later, when they left the house, the daughter said, “ Daddy, I saw your 27 in the windowpane （窗玻璃）．You were sitting perfectly 28 ．Why did you say…．”
The father 29 , “What then would you 30 as the cause of its fall?”
“ It fell by itself．The floor is uneven （不平）．It wasn’t steady when Mr．Li put it there．”
“It won’t 31 , girl．It sounds more 32 when I say I knocked it down．There are things people accept less the more you 33 them．The truer your story is, the less true it sounds．”
The daughter was 34 in silence for a while．Then she said, “ Can you 35 it only this way?”
“Only this way,” the father said．
16．A．owner B．host C．guest D．master
17．A．friends B．neighbours C．children D．guests
18．A．knowing B．remembering C．hearing D．thinking
19．A．thermos B．cup C．lid D．tea
20．A．enjoyed B．remained C．imagined D．hated
21．A．stranger B．host C．crash D．noise
22．A．around B．at C．behind D．over
23．A．staring B．watching C．shouting D．crying
24．A．helpless B．exciting C．strange D．terrible
25．A．broken B．steaming C．dirty D．flooded
26．A．touched B．used C．hit D．moved
27．A．face B．shadow C．reflection D．action
28．A．calm B．still C．silent D．straight
29．A．shouted B．whispered C．laughed D．repeated
30．A．tell B．make C．accept D．give
31．A．do B．suit C．go D．fit
32．A．comfortable B．friendly C．acceptable D．agreeable
33．A．defend B．support C．discuss D．argue
34．A．kept B．shut C．worried D．lost
35．A．do B．explain C．make D．manage |
Many people believe the glare from snow causes snowblindness. Yet, dark glasses or not, they find themselves suffering from headaches and watering eyes, and even snowblindness, when exposed to several hours of “snow light”. The United States Army has now determined that glare from snow does not cause snowblindness in troops in a snow-covered country. A man"s eyes frequently find nothing to focus on in a broad expanse of barren snow-covered terrain(地域). So his long look continually moves and jumps back and forth over the entire landscape in search of something to look at. Finding nothing, hour after hour, the eyes never stop searching and eyeballs become sore and the eye muscles ache. Nature offers this discomfort by producing more and more liquid which covers the eyeball. The liquid covers the eyeball in increasing quantity until vision became not clear, and then is not easily seen and the result is total, even though not very long, snowblindness.
Experiments led the Army to a simple method of solving this problem. Scouts, ahead of a main body of troops, are trained to shake snow from evergreen bushes creating a dotted line as they cross completely snow-covered landscape. Even the scouts themselves throw lightweight, dark colored objects ahead on which they too can focus. The men following can then see something. Their eyes focus on a bush and have something to see. By focusing their attention on one object at a time, the men can cross the snow without becoming hopelessly snowblind or lost. In this way the problem of crossing a solid white terrain is solved.
1. The first paragraph is mainly concerned with ________.
A. need for dark glasses
B the whiteness from snow
C. headaches, watering eyes and snowblindness
D. snow glare and snowblindness
2. According to the author, recent work on snowblindness shows that it is caused by ________.
A. exposure to bright light
B. failure to focus on an object
C. a loss of vision which doesn"t last long
D. focusing on dark colored objects for a very long time
3. Suppose you walk across a completely snow-covered area, what should you do to solve the problem of snowblindness?
A. By wearing dark sun glasses.
B. By throwing an extra pair of black shoes ahead.
C. By asking the Army for help.
D. By walking backwards.
4. A suitable title for this passage would be ________.
A. Snowblindness and How to avoid it B. Soldiers in Snow
C. Nature"s Cure for Snowblindness D. Snow Vision |
May : Happenings from the past
May 5,1884
Isaac Murphy , son of a slave and perhaps the greatest horse rider in American history , rides Buchanan to win his first Kentucky Derby . He becomes the first rider ever to win the race three times .
May 9 , 1754
Benjamin Franklin’s Pennsylvania Gazette produces perhaps the first American political cartoon （漫画）, showing a snake cut in pieces, with the words “ Join or Die” printed under the picture.
May 11,1934
The first great dust storm of the Great Plains Dust Bowl , the result of years of drought（干旱），blows topsoil all the way to New York City and Washington , D.C. .
May 19, 1994
Jacqueline Lee Bouvier Kennedy Onassis , former first lady and one of the most famous people of the 1960s , died of cancer in New York City at the age of 64 .
May 24, 1844
Samuel F.B. Morsr taps out the first message , “ What Hath God Wrought ,” over the experimental long-distance telegraph line which runs from Washington, D.C. , to Baltimeore , Md .
1. We know from the text that Buchanan is_____________.
A Isaac”s father B a winnning horse
C.a slave taking care if horses D.the first racing horse in Kentucky
2. What is the title of the first American political cartoon ?
A.Join or Die B.Pennsylvania Gazette
C.What Hath God Wrought D.Kentucky Derby
3. In which year did the former first lady Jacqueline die ?
A. 1934 B. 1960 C . 1964 D. 1994
4.Which of the following places has to do with the first telegram in history ?
A. Washington , D. C. B. New York City
C. Kentucky. D. Pennsylvania |
第一节 完形填空
You’ve just finish you’re a-levels and you’ve got a place at university, but you’d really like a break from the academic world. Why not think about taking a year out? While most students go 1 from school to university, more and more people today are choosing to spend a year at “the university of life” 2 . There are lots of things to choose from. You could work in a bank or do community work. You might even do something challenging, such as 3 an exploration（探险）to the Amazon rainforest. The experience will 4 your horizons and teach you new skills. It may also give you the chance to earn some money, which will be very helpful when you 5 start your studies. If you are interested in taking a year out, you must make sure that the university will 6 your place for you till next year. Most are quite happy to do this, 7 they find that year-out students are 8 experienced, confident, and independent. But don’t forget: it’s a year out not a year 9 . Your university will want to know what you’re going to do. They won’t be very pleased if you just want to do _10 for a year. So what would do with a year out?
( ) 1. A. easily B. simply C. fast D. straight
( ) 2. A. last B. first C. at last D. at first
( ) 3. A. participating B. joining C. attending D. expecting
( ) 4. A. broaden B. spread C. improve D. raise
( ) 5. A. hopefully B. willingly C. eventually D. happily
( ) 6. A. hold B. leave C. occupy D. remain
( ) 7. A. however B. though C. as D. when
( ) 8. A. less B. much C. even D. more
( ) 9. A. in B. off C. away D. through
( ) 10. A. nothing B. something C. anything D. everything |
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