阅读理解。 In his 1930 essay "Economic Possibilities for Our Grandchildren ", Joh
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阅读理解。 |
In his 1930 essay "Economic Possibilities for Our Grandchildren ", John Keynes, a famous economist, wrote that human needs fall into two classes: absolute needs ,which are independent of what other have , and relative needs ,which make us feel superior to our fellows. He thought that although relative needs may indeed be insatiable (无止境的) ,this is not true of absolute needs. Keynes was surely correct that only a small part of total spending is decided by the desire for superiority .He was greatly mistaken ,however ,in seeing this desire as the only source of insatiable demands Decisions to spend are also driven by ideas of quality which can influence the demand for almost all goods, including even basic goods like food. When a couple goes out for an anniversary dinner, for example ,the thought of feeling superior to others probably never comes to them. Their goal is to share a special meal that stands out from other meals. There are no obvious limits to the escalation of demands for quality. For example ,Porsche, a famous car producer, has a model which was considered perhaps the best sport car on the market. Priced at over $120,000,it handles perfectly well and has great speed acceleration. But in 2004 the producer introduced some changes which made the model slightly better in handling and acceleration. People who really care about cars find these small improvements exciting. To get them, however, they must pay almost four times the price. By placing the desire to be superior to other at the heart of his description of insatiable demands, Keynes actually reduced such demands. However, the desire for higher quality has no natural limits. |
1. According to the passage, John Keynes Believed that_______. |
A. desire is the root of both absolute and relative needs B. absolute needs come from our sense of superiority C. relative needs alone lead to insatiable demands D. absolute needs are stronger than relative needs |
2.What do we know about the couble in Paragraph 3? |
A. They want to show their superiority B. They find specialty important to meals C. Their demands for food are not easily satisfied. D. Their choice of dinner is related to ideas of quality. |
3. What does the underlined word "escalation" in Paragraph 4 probably mean? |
A. Understanding. B. Increase C. Difference D. Study |
4.The author of the passage that ______. |
A. absolute needs have no limits B. demands for quality are not insatiable C. human desires influence ideas of quality D. relative needs decide most of our spending |
答案
1-4: CDBA |
举一反三
阅读理解。 |
Some people believe that a Robin Hood is at work, others that a wealthy person simply wants to distribute his or her fortune before dying. But the donator who started sending envelopes with cash to deserving causes,accompanied by an article from the local paper, has made a northern German city believe in fairytales (童话). The first envelope was sent to a victim support group. It contained €10,000 with a cutting from the Braunschiveiger Zeitung about how the group supported a woman who was robbed of her handbag; similar plain white anonymous (匿名)envelopes, each containing €10,000, then arrived at a kindergarten and a church. The envelopes keep coming, and; so far at least €190,000 has been distributed. Last month, one of them was sent to the newspaper "s own office. It came after a story it published about Tom, a 14-year-old boy who was severely disabled in a swimming accident. The receptionist at the Braunschiveiger Zeitung opened an anonymous white envelope to find 20 notes of € 500 inside with a copy of the article. The name of the family was underlined. "I was driving when I heard the news," Claudia Neumann, the boy"s mother, told Der Spiegel magazine. "I had to park on the side of the road; I was speechless." The money will be used to make the entrance to their house wheelchair-accessible and for a course of treatment that their insurance company refused to pay for. "For someone to act so selflessly, for this to happen in such a society in which everyone thinks of himself, was astonishing," Mrs. Neumann said. Her family wonder whether the donator is a Robin Hood character, taking from banks to give to the needy. Henning Noske,the editor of the Braunschiveiger Zeitung, said: "Maybe it is an old person who is about to die. We just do not know." However, he has told his reporters not to look for the city"s hero, for fear that discovery may stop the donations. |
1. The Braunschiveiger Zeitung is the name of ______. |
A. a church B. a bank C. a newspaper D. a magazine |
2.Which of the following is TRUE about the donation to Tom? |
A. The donation amounted to €190,000. B. The donation was sent directly to his house. C. The money will be used for his education. D. His mother felt astonished at the donation. |
3. It can be inferred from the passage that _____. |
A. the donator is a rich old man B. the donation will continue to come C. the donation comes from the newspaper D. the donator will soon be found out |
4. What would be the best title for the passage? |
A. Money Is Raised by the Newspaper. B. Newspaper Distributes Money to the Needy. C. Unknown Hero Spreads Love in Envelopes D. Robin Hood Returns to the City |
短文填词。 |
People often don" t do what they really want to for fear of failure. You don"t apply for a job 1 case you don"t get it. You don"t perform at the school concert b 2 others might laugh at you. A lack of confidence can l 3 to a lot of suffering. The key to o 4 this problem is to believe in yourself. This might be 5 (容易)said than done, but there are many w 6 to help you do this. Talk about your problem with a friend or look 7 advice on the Internet. Imagine yourself being 8 (成功)and practise breathing techniques to keep you calm when you get nervous. And the 9 important thing is: believe you can do it. When you"ve 10 (学会)to do that, you are well on your way. |
阅读理解。 |
Britain"s most popular lie has been discovered, with one in four people admitting using "Sorry I had no signal" when returning a missed mobile phone call, a survey found. According to a recent survey people usually use this little white lie after they hit the "ignore" button when their mobile rang. The second most common fib is "I haven"t got any cash on me" when asked for money by beggars. Modern technology is a major excuse in many of our lies with "I didn"t get your text" in 18th, "Our server was down" in 20th and "My battery died" in 26th place. Researchers found the average Briton tells on average four lies every day or almost 1500 every year. One in three Britons have lied about their weight, a quarter have fibbed about the amount of debt they are in and 30 percent have bent the truth about the amount of exercise they do. Almost a quarter of men have told their wife or girlfriend they look good in an outfit, despite thinking the opposite. More than 40 percent of women have admitted lying about how much new clothes actually cost while 30 percent have fibbed about how much they"ve had to drink. Three quarters of people think women are better liars. The research found 46 per cent of girls have been caught lying, compared to 58 of men. Men tell the most fibs, coming out with five every day compared to women who lie just three times. A spokesman for one poll, which carried out the research of 4,300 adults, said, "As a nation we are obsessed with trying to be nice and not upsetting people. Often little white lies are used to cover what we actually want to say." "Most of these were considered either completely harmless or necessary depending on the situation in which they are delivered." He added, "It was sad to see a string of compliments in the top 50, but once again in many cases perhaps it is better to compliment(恭维) with a lie than destroy someone with the truth." |
1. What is the best title for the passage? |
A. The most popular British lies B. British people like to lie C. The reasons British people lie D. Technology makes us lie |
2. According to the research, what do women most frequently lie about? ______ |
A. Their weight. B. The amount of their debt. C. Their drinking habits. D. The cost of their clothing. |
3. Which of the following statement is true according to the research? ______ |
A. Three quarters of women are better liars. B. Men lie more often than women. C. More men are better liars than women. D. More women lie than men. |
4. The underlined phrase "obsessed with" is closest in meaning to ______. |
A. very concerned with B. surprised about C. opposed to D. not interested in |
5. Why do people usually lie according to the one poll? ______ |
A. To prevent argument with their partners. B. To avoid speaking with others on the phone. C. To avoid hurting others. D. To destroy others. |
阅读理解。 |
You"ve just come home, after living abroad for a few years. Since you"ve been away, has this country changed for the better-or for the worse? If you"ve just arrived back in the UK after a fortnight"s holiday, small changes have probably surprised you-anything from a local greengrocer suddenly being replaced by a mobile-phone shop to someone in your street moving house. So how have things changed to people coming back to Britain after seven, ten or even 15 years living abroad? What changes in society can they see that the rest of us have hardly noticed-or now take for granted? To find out, we asked some people who recently returned. Debi: When we left, Cheltenham, my home town, was a town of white, middle-class families-all very conservative (保守的). The town is now home to many eastern Europeans and lots of Australians, who come here mainly to work in hotels and tourism. There are even several shops only for foreigners. Having been an immigrant (移民) myself, I admire people who go overseas to find a job. Maybe if I lived in an inner city where unemployment was high, I"d think differently, but I believe foreign settlers have improved this country because they"re more open-minded and often work harder than the natives. Christine: As we flew home over Britain, both of us remarked how green everything looked. But the differences between the place we"d left behind and the one we returned to were brought sharply into focus as soon as we landed. To see policemen with guns in the airport for the first time was frightening-in Cyprus, they"re very relaxed-and I got pulled over by customs officers just for taking a woolen sweater with some metal-made buttons out of my case in the arrivals hall. Everyone seemed to be on guard. Even the airport car-hire firm wanted a credit card rather than cash because they said their vehicles had been used by bank robbers. But anyway, this is still a green, beautiful country. I just wish more people would appreciate what they"ve got. |
1. After a short overseas holiday, people tend to _______. |
A. notice small changes B. expect small changes C. welcome small changes D. exaggerate small changes |
2. How does Debi look at the foreign settlers? |
A. Cautiously. B. Positively. C. Sceptically. D. Critically. |
3. When arriving at the airport in Britain, Christine was shocked by _______. |
A. the relaxed policemen B. the messy arrivals hall C. the tight security D. the bank robbers |
4. Which might be the best title for the passage? |
A. Life in Britain. B. Back in Britain. C. Britain in Future. D. Britain in Memory. |
阅读理解。 |
When my brother and I were young, my mom would take us on Transportation Days. It goes like this: You can"t take any means of transportation more than once. We would start from home, walking two blocks to the rail station. We"d take the train into the city center, then a bus, switching to the tram, then maybe a taxi. We always considered taking a horse carriage in the historic district, but we didn"t like the way the horses were treated, so we never did. At the end of the day, we took the subway to our closest station, where Mom"s friend was waiting to give us a ride home-our first car ride of the day. The good thing about Transportation Days is not only that Mom taught us how to get around. She was born to be multimodal (多方式的). She understood that depending on cars only was a failure of imagination and, above all, a failure of confidence-the product of a childhood not spent exploring subway tunnels. Once you learn the route map and step with certainty over the gap between the train and the platform, nothing is frightening anymore. New cities are just light-rail lines to be explored. And your personal car, if you have one, becomes just one more tool in the toolbox-and often an inadequate one, limiting both your mobility and your wallet. On Transportation Days, we might stop for lunch on Chestnut Street or buy a new book or toy, but the transportation was the point. First, it was exciting enough to watch the world speed by from the train window. As I got older, my mom helped me unlock the mysteries that would otherwise have paralyzed my first attempts to do it myself: How do I know where to get off? How do I know how much it costs? How do I know when I need tickets, and where to get them? What track, what line, which direction, where"s the stop, and will I get wet when we go under the river? I"m writing this right now on an airplane, a means we didn"t try on our Transportation Days and, we now know, the dirtiest and most polluting of them all. My flight routed me through Philadelphia. My multimodal mom met me for dinner in the airport. She took a train to meet me. |
1. Which was forbidden by Mom on Transportation Days? |
A. Having a car ride. B. Taking the train twice. C. Buying more than one toy. D. Touring the historic district. |
2. According to the writer, what was the greatest benefit of her Transportation Days? |
A. Building confidence in herself. B. Reducing her use of private cars. C. Developing her sense of direction. D. Giving her knowledge about vehicles. |
3. The underlined word "paralyzed" (in Para. 5) is closest in meaning to "_______". |
A. displayed B. justified C. ignored D. ruined |
4. Which means of transportation does the writer probably disapprove of? |
A. Airplane. B. Subway. C. Tram. D. Car. |
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