The Healthy Habits Survey(调查)shows that only about one third of American seniors
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The Healthy Habits Survey(调查)shows that only about one third of American seniors have correct habits. Here are some findings and expert advice.
1．How many times did you brush your teeth yesterday?
·Finding：A full 33% of seniors brush their teeth only once a day.
·Step：Remove the 300 types of bacteria in your mouth each morning with a battery－operated toothbrush. Brush gently for 2 minutes, at least twice a day.
2．How many times did you wash your hands or bathe yesterday?
·Finding：Seniors, on average, bathe fewer than 3 days a week. And nearly 30%wash their hands only 4 times a day—half of the number doctors recommend.
·Step：We touch our faces around 3,000 times a day－often inviting germs(病菌)to enter our mouth, nose, and eyes.Use toilet paper to avoid touching the door handle. And, most important, wash your hands often with hot running water and soap for 20 seconds.
3．How often do you think about fighting germs?
·Finding：Seniors are not fighting germs as well as they should.
·Step：Be aware of germs. Do you know it is not your toilet but your kitchen sponge(海绵)that can carry more germs than anything else? To kill these germs, keep your sponge in the microwave for 10 seconds.
小题1:What is found out about American seniors?| A．Most of them have good habits. | | B．Nearly 30%of them bathe three days a week. | | C．All of them are fighting germs better than expected. | | D．About one third of them brush their teeth only once a day. |
小题2:Doctors suggest that people should wash their hands ________.| A．twice a day | B．three times a day | | C．four times a day | D．eight times a day |
小题3:Which of the following is true according to the text?| A．We should keep from touching our faces. | | B．There are less than 300 types of bacteria in the mouth. | | C．A kitchen sponge can carry more germs than a toilet. | | D．We should wash our hands before touching a door handle. |
小题4:The text probably comes from________.| A．a guide book | B．a popular magazine | | C．a book review | D．an official document |
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答案
小题1:
小题2:
小题3:
小题4: |
解析
该篇从刷牙，洗手(澡)，与细菌战斗三方面讲解了美国老年人的误区，并指明了正确的认识和做法。提醒老人应养成良好的卫生习惯。
小题1:解析 细节理解题。根据Only about one third of American seniors have correct habits可知，A项错误。根据seniors，on average，bathe fewer than 3 days a week可知，B项错误。根据Seniors are not fighting germs as well as they should 可知，C项错误。答案 D
小题2:解析 细节理解题。根据And nearly 30% wash their hands only 4 times a day－half of the number doctors recommend可知。提示：注意破折号的作用。答案 D
小题3:解析 细节理解题。根据Do you know it is not your toilet but your kitchen sponge(海绵)，that can carry more germs than anything else？可知。答案 C
小题4:解析 推理判断题。综合语篇可推出。答案 B |
举一反三
Britons Learn to Forgive
LEEDS, England—A Leeds University psychology(心理学) professor is teaching a course to help dozens of Britons forgive their enemies.
“The hatred (仇恨) we hold within us is a cancer,” Professor Ken Hart said, adding that holding in anger can lead to problems such as high blood pressure and heart disease.
More than 70 people have become members in Hart’s first 20-week workshop in London—a course he says is the first of its kind in the world.
These are people who are sick and tired of living with a memory. They realize their bitterness is a poison they think they can pour out, but they end up drinking it themselves, said Canadian-born Hart.
The students meet in groups of eight to ten for a two-hour workshop with an adviser every fortnight.
The course ending in July, is expected to get rid of the cancer of hate in these people. “People have lots of negative attitudes towards forgiveness,” he said. “People confuse（混淆） forgiveness with forgetting. Forgiveness means changing from a negative attitude to a positive one.” Hart and his team have created instructions to provide the training needed.
“The main idea is to give you guidelines on how to look at various kinds of angers and how they affect you, and how to change your attitudes towards the person you are angry with, ”said Norman Claringbull, a senior expert on the forgiveness project.
Hart said he believes forgiveness is a skill that can be taught, as these people “want to get free of the past”.
小题1:From this passage we know that .| A．high blood pressure and heart disease are caused by hatred | | B．high blood pressure can only be cured by psychology professors | | C．without hatred, people will have less trouble connected with blood and heart | | D．people who suffer from blood pressure and heart disease must have many enemies |
小题2:In Hart’s first 20-week workshop, people there can .| A．meet their enemies | | B．change their minds | | C．enjoy the professor’s speech | | D．learn how to quarrel with others |
小题3:If you are a member in Hart’s workshop, you’ll .| A．pay much money to Hart | | B．go to the workshop every night | | C．attend a gathering every fortnight | | D．pour out everything stored in your mind |
小题4:The author wrote this passage in order to .| A．persuade us to go to Hart’s workshop | | B．tell us the news about Hart’s workshop | | C．tell us how to run a workshop like Hart’s | | D．help us to look at various kinds of angers |
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A recent study suggests that teens’ relationship with parents, friends and teachers may have a lot to do with why they don’t get a good night’s sleep.
David Maume, a sociologist and sleep researcher, analyzed federal health data, which interviewed 974 teenagers when they were 12, and then again at 15. He found that family dynamics (动态) have much to do with how well kids sleep. Teens, who had warm relations with their parents and felt like they could talk to them or their parents were supportive of them, tended to sleep better. However, families that were going through a divorce or a remarriage tended to affect teens’ sleep.
And problems at school also affected teens’ sleep. Feeling safe at school and having good relations with teachers tended to promote better sleep. As did good relationships with friends. Kids who took part in sports or other positive social activities or shared similar academic goals with their friends were also more likely to get a good night’s sleep.
These add up to what makes lots of sense: a general feeling of well-being helps teens sleep. If we’re happy and contented, we’re much more likely to sleep better than if we’re sad and anxious.
Now, of course, teens can hardly resist being drawn to their computers and social networking. Maume also found that when parents were strict not only about bedtime, but also about limiting technology, kids slept better. It’s a finding that seems obvious, but parents really do matter when it comes to health habits of their teenagers.
Clearly, teenagers aren’t getting 9 to 10 hours a night, which puts them at risk for all the consequences of lack of sleep, including poor academic performance, colds and stress.
小题1:What is the passage mainly about?| A．Teens’ sleep is linked to their relationship with people around them. | | B．Lack of adequate sleep puts teens at risk of many bad consequences. | | C．Modern technology has something to do with teens’ sleep problems. | | D．It is necessary for teens to join in sports and positive social activities. |
小题2:According to Maume’s analysis, who will probably have a poor night’s sleep?| A．Teens who feel like talking with their parents. | | B．Teens who have friends sharing their dreams. | | C．Teens who feel contented about themselves. | | D．Teens who lack a sense of security at school. |
小题3: Para 5 functions as . | A．a comparison | B．an introduction | C．a conclusion | D．an addition |
小题4: Parents are supposed to when their kids are growing up. | A．continue their broken marriage | | B．allow children to decide when to sleep | | C．limit teens’ using new technology | | D．force teens to have 10 hours’ sleep daily |
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Beijing, April 2----Starting from this year, the Beijing Municipal Health Bureau will begin to promote a home medical service. With this service a medical team which is made up of a doctor, a nurse and a medical health worker will be sent to some communities in the city. They will set up a medical filing recorder for every resident in community and publicize their contact information to them. If people in the community feel sick, they can consult their community doctor first. If community doctors cannot treat their illness, they will then be transferred to large hospitals. Liang Wan, deputy director of the Beijing Municipal Health Bureau, made the statement last Friday .
In addition ,the Beijing Municipal Health Bureau will set up some funds to train home medical service workers for families whose members suffer either from high blood pressure, diabetes,cerebral apoplexy , or coronary heart disease . The home medical service workers will remind patients to take pills on time and lead the patients to follow some health tips in their daily life. They will also learn some practical knowledge to save patients in case of an emergency .
The work will first begin in the medical service room in the 25 community centers and spread to all communities in Beijing. The disease prevention and control centers at various counties and districts in Beijing will be responsible for teaching community doctors and giving home medical service lectures, or advice . These workers will not be able to work until they pass related examination and obtain the work certificates. It is expected that by the end of this year, there will be 10000 home medical service workers in Beijing .
小题1:Where does a person go to see first if he gets sick according to the passage ?| A．The community clinics. | B．Large hospital . | | C．Private clinic . | D．Small hospital . |
小题2:Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?| A．The medical team which is made up of a doctor, a nurse and a medical health worker will set up a medical filing record for every resident. | | B．The home medical service workers not only give some healthy suggestions to the patients, but also learn practical knowledge about first aid. | | C．Some funds will be provided by Beijing Municipal Health Bureau for home medical service training. | | D．The government aims to offer the home medical service for free. |
小题3:If you want to work as a home medical worker, you need to _____________.| A．receive the training about medical service. | | B．pass related examinations. | | C．obtain the work certificates. | | D．All the above. |
小题4:What can we learn from the passage?| A．All communities in Beijing have started home medical service. | | B．People in Beijing will not easily get ill. | | C．Medical service in Beijing will be promoted greatly in the future. | | D．The other cities in China should learn from Beijing. |
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The World Health Organization says there has been a sharp increase in the number of over-weight children in developing countries. In African countries, the WHO says the number of over-weight or obese children is twice as high as it was 20 years ago. Around the world, about 43 million children under the age of five were overweight in 2013.
Overweight and obese children are more likely to become overweight and obese adults. The condition can generate serious health problems like heart diseases.
Francesco Branca is the director of the WHO Department of Nutrition for Health and Development. He says urban lifestyle makes people eat processed food more often ,which has a high sugar ,fat and salt content. He also says people are gaining weight because of their lack of activities. They travel in cars or other vehicles more than on foot.
The WHO experts say to lower obesity rates is especially complex in countries that also deal with high rates of infectious(感染性的) diseases.
The WHO has some basic solutions for individuals and countries. The organization says you should lower your intake of fat, sugar, salt and processed food and eat more fruits," vegetables and increase physical activity. The WHO says these actions are especially important for children.
And WHO expert Branca says mothers should breastfeed their babies for at least the first six months of life, if possible. More importantly, governments should consider providing vitamins for children and educational campaigns about problems linked to obesity would also help. In his view, government policies should deal with how food is marketed to children and food producers must balance quality and taste with the dangers of sugar, fat and salt. "Reducing the number of overweight children will not be easy. The goal is difficult to meet even in wealthy countries. " he adds.
小题1:What is the main idea of Paragraph l?| A．Children in developing countries generally weigh too much. | | B．Overweight children in developing countries have increased greatly. | | C．The number of overweight children in the world has doubled. | | D．The World Health Organization has increased greatly. |
小题2:According to Branca , people are becoming overweight because of their changes in _______| A．lifestyles | B．transportation | | C．physical condition | D．school educational . |
小题3:Which of the following word can best replace the underlined word in Paragraph 2?| A．cure | B．prevent | C．worsen | D．cause |
小题4:According to WHO, which of the following is true?| A．Poor nutrition is often related to children obesity. | | B．To lower infectious disease rates is more complex than to lower obesity rates. | | C．Eating less sugar and more vegetables helps lower obesity rates. | | D．Increasing physical activity is most effective to lower obesity rates. |
小题5:What can we learn from the last Paragraph?| A．Babies breastfed aren"t likely to become overweight. | | B．Governments should play a necessary role in fighting obesity. | | C．Food producers should be stopped from marketing, food to children. | | D．The number of overweight children decreases easily in wealthy countries. |
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A new study has found evidence of aggressive (攻击性的) behavior in children who drink four or more servings of soft drinks every day. Information for the study came from the mothers of 3,000 5-year-olds. Researchers asked the women to keep a record of how many servings of soft drinks their children drank over a two-month period. They were also asked to complete a checklist of their children’s behavior.
The researchers have found that 43 percent of the children drink at least one daily serving of soda, and 4 percent of the youngsters have even four or more sodas to drink every day.
Shakira Suglia, a famous expert, says they’ve found that children who drink the most soda are more than twice as likely as those who drink no soda to show signs of aggression.
“For the children who consume four or more soft drinks per day, we see more withdrawn behaviors, which make them hard to get along well with others.”
The aggressive behaviors include destroying possessions belonging to others, taking part in fights and physically attacking people.
The researchers have determined the link after considering factors like the child’s age and sex. They have also considered other possible influence, such as whether the boys and girls are eating sweets or giving fruit drinks on a normal day. In addition, the researchers have examined parenting styles and other social conditions that may be taking place in the home.
Researches are trying to find why young children who drink a lot of soda have behavior problems. An ingredient often found in soft drinks is caffeine, which helps to make people feel energetic. Doctor Suglia suggests that caffeine could cause the 5-year-olds to be more aggressive. Earlier studies of adults have found the highest sugar levels in those who carry weapons (武器) and show signs of negative social behavior.
小题1:What section of a newspaper is the passage probably taken from?| A．Scientific Technology | B．Science Fictions | | C．Social News | D．Health Report |
小题2:The underlined word “withdrawn” in paragraph 4 can probably be replaced by the word ______.| A．backward | B．unsocial | C．generous | D．friendly |
小题3:Researchers studied the following aspects of the children except ______.| A．age | B．sex | C．games | D．parents |
小题4:According to the research, which of the following is right?| A．Mothers were asked to keep a record of how many servings of soft drinks their children drank over a three-month period. | | B．4 percent of the youngsters have even four or fewer sodas to drink every day. | | C．Children who drink no soda show fewer aggressive behaviors. | | D．Children with the highest sugar levels tend to carry weapons and show signs of negative social behavior. |
小题5:After a further study on ingredients in soda, Shakira Suglia implies that the direct cause of the aggressive behaviors may be ______.| A．soft drinks | B．attention problems | | C．caffeine | D．social conditions |
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