Dieters" who eat meals high in protein might lose a bit more weight than those w

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Dieters" who eat meals high in protein might lose a bit more weight than those who get less protein and more carbohydrates (碳水化合物)一all other things being equal, a new analysis of past studies suggests. Researchers found that over an average of 12 weeks, people having a high一protein diet lost about 1.8 extra pounds, and more body fat, than those having a standard-protein diet.
Wycherley from the University of South" Australia in Adelaide, the lead author on the study says it’s possible that the body may spend more energy and bum more calories while dealing with protein, compared to carbohydrates. Another explanation for the link his team observed is that eating protein helps preserve muscle mass and muscle mass bums more calories, even when the body is resting, than other types of mass. He says people in the studies tend to get protein from a variety of animal and vegetable sources. Vegetable sources of protein include beans.
It is not obvious why a higher protein-to-carbohydrate ratio might help people lose more pounds——and one obesity researcher not involved in the new analysis questioned whether the trials were strong enough to make that conclusion. “The studies are generally far too short to tell effect,” Dr. James Levine from the Mayo Clinic in Scottsdale, Arizona, told Reuters Health in an e-mail. But given the limitations of the present evidence, Levine said, “It makes no real difference which of the weight-loss ways one chooses.”
小题1:According to Wycherley’s analysis, dieters should take in more ______.

A．fat

B．carbohydrates

C．protein

D．calories

小题2:What can we learn from the studies?

A．It bums more calories to deal with carbohydrates.

B．Protein helps keep muscle mass which bums calories.

C．Vegetables contain more protein than animals.

D．No more calories are burned while the body is resting.

小题3:What is Levine’s attitude towards the conclusion of the studies?

A．Doubtful.

B．Supportive.

C．Curious.

D．Agreeable.

答案

小题1:C
小题2:B
小题3:A

解析

试题分析：文章讲述了咖啡这种饮品的发现，传播的经过。同时也讲述了咖啡这种饮品的功能。
小题1:C细节理解题。Wycherley from the University of South" Australia in Adelaide, the lead author on the study says it’s possible that the body may spend more energy and bum more calories while dealing with protein, compared to carbohydrates.句意为：相比较碳水化合物来说，在处理蛋白质的过程中，身体会消耗更多的能量和卡路里。由此可知根据他的分析应该吸收更多的蛋白质。
小题2:B细节理解题。由第二自然段的第一句话可知，处理蛋白质的时候比处理碳水化合时烧掉的卡路里多，故A是错误的。第二自然段的最后一句话，人们从肉类和蔬菜类中获取蛋白质，但并未说明蔬菜含的蛋白质多，故C是错误的。Another explanation for the link his team observed is that eating protein helps preserve muscle mass and muscle mass bums more calories, even when the body is resting, than other types of mass.句意为：另外一种解释是吃蛋白质有助于保存肌肉块，而肌肉块能消耗更多的卡路里，甚至是休息的时候。由此可知D是错误的。
小题3:A细节理解题。It is not obvious why a higher protein-to-carbohydrate ratio might help people lose more pounds——and one obesity researcher not involved in the new analysis questioned whether the trials were strong enough to make that conclusion.句意为：蛋白质对碳水化合物的高比率能帮助人们减肥的原因并不是十分清晰，是否有足够的证据得出这个结论也没有涉及到，所以由此可知，应该是持怀疑的态度。

举一反三

Was the London Olympics a success? Many people hold different opinions. However one thing is certain, London could win a gold medal for hosting the “greenest” Games ever, BBC News reported.
Previous Olympic hosts have been criticized for the environmental damage they have caused through construction, waste. and transport. But things had to be different in London because seven years ago it bid for the Olympics through the concept of “a One Planet Olympics”.
What is most impressive is that London used the construction of the Olympic Park as an opportunity to clean up polluted areas — 2 million tons of contaminated (被污染的) soil were removed and 200 old factory buildings, were torn down, according to sustainablebusiness.com. But that’s not all —. 99 percent of the debris (废瓦砾) were reused to build the Olympic Park. For example, part of the Olympic Stadium’s roof is made from 2,500 tons of steel tubes recycled from old gas pipelines.
As well as using recycled materials, all venues were built with green building techniques. The Olympic Stadium is the lightest one ever built, which minimized the amount of steel and concrete needed. Also, the handball field has lighting pipes on the roof that reduce electricity use by 40 percent, according to sustainablebusiness.com.
The effort that London made to deal with waste also deserves praise. Water used for drinking and watering plants was from collected rainwater or recycled wastewater. In this way. about 30-40 percent less water was used in total. Waste food packages were either recycled or processed and turned into renewable energy.
As one of the best connected places in Europe, London tried to solve traffic jams by encouraging the use of public transport. For example, it had trains deliver half of the building materials, instead of cars, which greatly reduced carbon emissions.
The clean anti-doping (反兴奋剂) result also added to the greenness of the Games. The International Olympics Committee (IOC) said that the devices used this time were the most accurate and advanced. Only one athlete tested positive for a banned drug on the day of competing, which is why the IOC President, Jacques Rogge, has praised anti-doping efforts at the London Games.
小题1:To make the Olympic Park green, London _______.

A．recycled 2 million tons of contaminated soil

B．removed 99 percent of the debris from the city

C．built the Olympic Stadium mostly with recycled materials

D．applied green building techniques to the construction work

小题2:The underlined word “minimized” in the fourth paragraph probably means

A．increased as much as possible

B．reduced as much as possible

C．made good use of

D．took little notice

小题3:What can we conclude from the article?

A．The London Olympics cost less than the other Olympics ever held.

B．London has possessed the most advanced techniques to deal with waste.

C．Public transport is made good use of in London during the Olympic games.

D．The anti-doping result in the London Olympics turned out to be dissatisfactory.

小题4:Which of the following best shows the structure of the text?

小题5:What is the best title of the passage?

A．How to deal with the anti-doping

B．How to use recycled materials

C．London’s green games

D．London’s public transport

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Keeping a busy social life among lots of friends may keep people thinner than spending hours doing some exercises, according to scientists. They say that socializing and meeting with friends help increase levels of brown fat in the body which burns calories to produce heat.
Living in an exciting social environment was found to reduce fat in mice"s belly by half over four weeks, even if they ate more. US researchers say that social excitement aids weight loss by turning white fat into brown. White fat stores calories and makes us fatter, while brown burns energy to produce heat. Turning white fat into brown is extremely difficult, normally requiring long- term stay in cold conditions or exciting part of the body"s nervous system.
However, scientists from Ohio State University now think that having a busy social life is an even more effective way of changing white fat into brown. The team came up with their theory by studying the effects of various living environments on mice. Those, who lived alongside a greater number of mice, had more space and toys to excite themselves and then lost far more weight over the course of the study than their “couch potato" fellows.
Study author, Dr Matthew During, whose team"s findings appear in the journal Cell Metabolism, said, "I"m still amazed at the degree of fat loss that occurs." Explaining how new technology had threatened face-to-face socializing, he added, "It"s not just a sedentary(久坐的) lifestyle and high calorie foods, but an increasing lack of social activities." Co-author Dr Lei Cao said，"Loneliness is a potential factor for cancer and death; it"s equal to cigarette smoking to a certain extent. Social activities are very vital.
小题1:What information can we get from the first two paragraphs?

A．Brown fat stores calories and makes us fatter

B．It doesn"t take long to turn white fat into brown.

C．Social excitement helps gain more weight

D．Brown fat can burn energy to produce heat.

小题2:Which of the following statement does the text support?

A．Levels of brown fat can be increased by socializing.

B．The mice lacking social life lose more weight.

C．The research findings haven"t been published so far.

D．Dr Matthew During wasn"t convinced of the result.

小题3:We can conclude from the text that _______.

A．the fat in mice"s belly was reduced because of the relaxing environment

B．a sedentary lifestyle and high calories foods influence people"s social life

C．surfing the Internet may influence people"s face-to-face communication

D．cancer and death are mainly caused for lack of social life

小题4:What’s the main idea of the text?

A．Brown fat is beneficial to people"s health.

B．Socializing is unnecessarily important in people"s daily life.

C．White fat can be changed into brown fat.

D．Socializing contributes to people"s losing weight.

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In the past, the affairs happening inside one country had little influence on other countries, even the neighboring ones. Therefore, incidents of food safety only affected and spread within one country, one city, one island or one village. However, with globalization, goods and products can almost flow freely between countries, regions, and continents. So the food safety problem is therefore no longer a national or regional issue, but rather a global one．
In 1997, Avian Influenza caused widespread panic in Hong Kong．It is said that the Avian Influenza originated from Shenzhen. Some Hong Kong people blamed the chicken farm staff on the mainland for the outbreak. The staff was accused of not thoroughly checking the health condition of the chicks under their care. It resulted in Hong Kong people"s anger towards chicken farm staff in Shenzhen, whose supposed negligence(疏忽)contributed to the later spread of Avian Influenza in Hong Kong．
Worse still, in Germany, people have been warned not to eat cucumbers until tests can identify the source of a deadly E. coli outbreak. The scare has spread across Europe, with 16 people so far having been killed．In many people"s minds, European countries have the strictest standards and checking procedures on their food safety. But the E. coli cucumber incident brought home the reality that it was not an effective defense against such an outbreak．
These diverse food safety issues from various parts of the world are enough evidence that food safety problem is not endemic in China. In fact, food safety is not even directly related to the development level of a place, thanks, no doubt, to the connectivity of our age. If we do not maintain our vigilance(警惕), people"s confidence in food safety can be destroyed instantly—even in a developed country
小题1:Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A．Nowadays, food safety incidents spread inside one country

B．In 1997, Avian Influenza caused great fear in Hong Kong

C．16 Germans died of deadly E. coli after eating cucumbers

D．Food safety is only related to the developing countries

小题2:The underlined word "endemic" in the last paragraph most probably means "______"

A．serious

B．common

C．urgent

D．unique

小题3:We can infer from the passage that ______

A．food safety problems spread from one country to another

B．the staff of a Shenzhen chicken farm caught Avian Influenza

C．the strictest standards protected European people from getting E. coli

D．China is a country where food safety problem is related to people"s age

小题4:Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A．Food Safety Problem Is a Global Issue

B．Cucumbers Are Popular in European Countries

C．Avian Influenza Originated from Shenzhen

D．Food Safety Issues Are Various from Country to Country

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As hand-held devices such as smartphones are becoming more common, users are reporting some new physical problems. Florida chiropractor Dean Fishman began noticing an increased number of patients talking about neck and shoulder pain. He discovered these symptoms were due to the overuse of hand-held devices, particularly the action of bending the neck, and then coined the term “Text Neck.” As if the painful symptoms weren’t bad enough, Fishman warns that an untreated case of Text Neck could lead to permanent spinal(脊椎) damage.
Other doctors have warned about “iPad Hand,” a condition that occurs when people use tablets like the iPad for hours at a time. Most people use their left hand to support the tablet and their right hand to tap or scroll. Doing this for long periods without changing positions can result in severe joint pain.
In order to avoid or reduce the possibility of getting Text Neck or iPad Hand, use the following basic ergonomic(人体工学的) principles:
Avoid awkward positioning. Don’t strain your neck, and stay aware of how you are positioned in relation to the device. Make sure that both your neck and shoulders are relaxed and that you aren’t leaning over for a long period of time.
Take frequent breaks when using any kind of mobile device. Many doctors recommend that users change their position every 15 minutes.
When using a tablet, use a case that can support the device on a table or your lap at a comfortable viewing angle.
Along with a case, use a separate keyboard with your tablet. This will be more comfortable since you’ll be resting both hands on the keyboard. And since you won’t be holding the tablet, you’ll be less likely to experience hand or arm pain.
小题1:What kind of product for hand-held devices does the writer discuss?

A．One for recording.	B．One for charging.
C．One for telephoning.	D．One for typing.

小题2:Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “coined” (Para1)?

A．cashed

B．created

C．changed

D．completed

小题3:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．If you are holding an iPad for long periods, it could cause spinal damage.

B．Text Neck symptoms include long-term damage in the back.

C．You are advised to lean over in relation to the device.

D．You should rest your hands on the keyboard at times.

小题4:In which magazine would you most likely find this article?

A．Personal Finance	B．Science Fiction Monthly
C．Mind and Body	D．Smartphone World

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The Green Microgym in Portland，Oregon has all the usual stuff you"d expect-sweaty people，loud music，smooth exercise equipment-but it has some extras as well. Everywhere you look，there are power wires. And these aren"t the typical kind that let you surf the Web while you ride a spin cycle-although. you can do that too．The gym uses special exercise equipment that captures（捕获）the energy you create while riding, converts（转换）it into electricity and channels it into the power outlets（插座）．
The idea of using exercise equipment to produce electricity is not new. A gym in Hong Kong has been doing this since 2007. But clean (and healthy）energy is just now starting to catch on in U. S. gyms·"We have seen a significant increase in interest in the past six months，which is a good sign that fitness centers are ready to spend money on green technologies，” says Mike Curnyn，co-founder of the Green Revolution，a Connecticut-based firm that wires bikes into a central battery that can store energy.
The Green Microgym，first opened in 2008，has more than 200 members and is doing so well that owner Adam Boesel opened another one five miles from the original．Although membership costs about the same as ordinary gyms，customers can earn gift certificates from local businesses for watts produced while exercising．An average workout creates 37. 5 watt hours，which is enough to power a phone for a week．
Boesel uses spin bikes made by Resource Fitness，a Seattle company he co-owns，that captures energy produced from the flywheel. Wires send the converted AC current（交流电流）into any standard wall outlet-for this reason，the product line"s name is Plug Out-and the energy created is used before the building draws power from the grid（电网）．Unlike the Green Revolution equipment，Plug Out machines cannot store extra energy. A third company，the Florida-based ReRev，is adding converters to a specific brand of spin bikes. But since the converters add＄1，000 to the price of the equipment，the ReRev and Green Revolution machines are at a disadvantage．
Resource Fitness，by contrast，sells its equipment for the same＄1，200 price as non- electricity-producing machines，removing the question of how long it will be until the energy savings pay for the cost of the unit．The company can afford to do this because its designs don’t call for the extra wiring needed for battery packs and large converters．It is also trying to price competitively with standard equipment so more gyms-and gym goers-will make the switch．
小题1:Members of the Green Microgym earn gift certificates for_______．

A．using the man-powered exercise equipment

B．saving electricity for local businesses

C．producing green electricity to power their phones

D．paying higher membership fees

小题2:The spin bikes made by Resource Fitness are different from those by Green Revolution in that_______.

A．they are easier to ride

B．they are more expensive

C．they don"t have wires connected

D．they can not store extra electricity

小题3:What might prevent the green exercise equipment from getting more popular？

A．People"s unwillingness to go green．

B．The high cost of making it.

C．Safety problems concerning electricity.

D．Lack of certificates．

小题4:The underlined words“make the switch”in the last paragraph most probably mean_____.

A．change to a different gym

B．use green exercise equipment

C．switch on the spin bikes

D．add a battery to the machine

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