In the past, the affairs happening inside one country had little influence on ot
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In the past, the affairs happening inside one country had little influence on other countries, even the neighboring ones. Therefore, incidents of food safety only affected and spread within one country, one city, one island or one village. However, with globalization, goods and products can almost flow freely between countries, regions, and continents. So the food safety problem is therefore no longer a national or regional issue, but rather a global one．
In 1997, Avian Influenza caused widespread panic in Hong Kong．It is said that the Avian Influenza originated from Shenzhen. Some Hong Kong people blamed the chicken farm staff on the mainland for the outbreak. The staff was accused of not thoroughly checking the health condition of the chicks under their care. It resulted in Hong Kong people"s anger towards chicken farm staff in Shenzhen, whose supposed negligence(疏忽)contributed to the later spread of Avian Influenza in Hong Kong．
Worse still, in Germany, people have been warned not to eat cucumbers until tests can identify the source of a deadly E. coli outbreak. The scare has spread across Europe, with 16 people so far having been killed．In many people"s minds, European countries have the strictest standards and checking procedures on their food safety. But the E. coli cucumber incident brought home the reality that it was not an effective defense against such an outbreak．
These diverse food safety issues from various parts of the world are enough evidence that food safety problem is not endemic in China. In fact, food safety is not even directly related to the development level of a place, thanks, no doubt, to the connectivity of our age. If we do not maintain our vigilance(警惕), people"s confidence in food safety can be destroyed instantly—even in a developed country
小题1:Which of the following is true according to the passage?| A．Nowadays, food safety incidents spread inside one country | | B．In 1997, Avian Influenza caused great fear in Hong Kong | | C．16 Germans died of deadly E. coli after eating cucumbers | | D．Food safety is only related to the developing countries |
小题2:The underlined word "endemic" in the last paragraph most probably means "______"| A．serious | B．common | C．urgent | D．unique |
小题3:We can infer from the passage that ______| A．food safety problems spread from one country to another | | B．the staff of a Shenzhen chicken farm caught Avian Influenza | | C．the strictest standards protected European people from getting E. coli | | D．China is a country where food safety problem is related to people"s age |
小题4:Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?| A．Food Safety Problem Is a Global Issue | | B．Cucumbers Are Popular in European Countries | | C．Avian Influenza Originated from Shenzhen | | D．Food Safety Issues Are Various from Country to Country |
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:D
小题3:A
小题4:A |
解析
试题分析：本文叙述了由于社会的进步科技的发展，人们的交流更加方便，同时食品安全却成了全球的问题，一旦一个地方的食品出现了问题会对其他的地方带来很大的影响。提醒人们要时刻注意食品的安全问题。
小题1:细节理解题。根据In 1997, Avian Influenza caused widespread panic in Hong Kong．97年禽流感在香港引起了很大的恐慌，故选B。
小题2:词义猜测题。根据These diverse food safety issues from various parts of the world 可以猜测出地方性的，独特的，故选D。
小题3:推理判断题。根据So the food safety problem is therefore no longer a national or regional issue, but rather a global one．食物安全问题已经不是一个国家的问题而是全球性的问题，故选A。
小题4:标题归纳题。纵观全文可知主要叙述了食品安全已经是全球的问题了，故选A。
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举一反三
As hand-held devices such as smartphones are becoming more common, users are reporting some new physical problems. Florida chiropractor Dean Fishman began noticing an increased number of patients talking about neck and shoulder pain. He discovered these symptoms were due to the overuse of hand-held devices, particularly the action of bending the neck, and then coined the term “Text Neck.” As if the painful symptoms weren’t bad enough, Fishman warns that an untreated case of Text Neck could lead to permanent spinal(脊椎) damage.
Other doctors have warned about “iPad Hand,” a condition that occurs when people use tablets like the iPad for hours at a time. Most people use their left hand to support the tablet and their right hand to tap or scroll. Doing this for long periods without changing positions can result in severe joint pain.
In order to avoid or reduce the possibility of getting Text Neck or iPad Hand, use the following basic ergonomic(人体工学的) principles:
Avoid awkward positioning. Don’t strain your neck, and stay aware of how you are positioned in relation to the device. Make sure that both your neck and shoulders are relaxed and that you aren’t leaning over for a long period of time.
Take frequent breaks when using any kind of mobile device. Many doctors recommend that users change their position every 15 minutes.
When using a tablet, use a case that can support the device on a table or your lap at a comfortable viewing angle.
Along with a case, use a separate keyboard with your tablet. This will be more comfortable since you’ll be resting both hands on the keyboard. And since you won’t be holding the tablet, you’ll be less likely to experience hand or arm pain.
小题1:What kind of product for hand-held devices does the writer discuss?| A．One for recording. | B．One for charging. | | C．One for telephoning. | D．One for typing. |
小题2:Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “coined” (Para1)?| A．cashed | B．created | C．changed | D．completed |
小题3:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?| A．If you are holding an iPad for long periods, it could cause spinal damage. | | B．Text Neck symptoms include long-term damage in the back. | | C．You are advised to lean over in relation to the device. | | D．You should rest your hands on the keyboard at times. |
小题4:In which magazine would you most likely find this article?| A．Personal Finance | B．Science Fiction Monthly | | C．Mind and Body | D．Smartphone World |
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The Green Microgym in Portland，Oregon has all the usual stuff you"d expect-sweaty people，loud music，smooth exercise equipment-but it has some extras as well. Everywhere you look，there are power wires. And these aren"t the typical kind that let you surf the Web while you ride a spin cycle-although. you can do that too．The gym uses special exercise equipment that captures（捕获）the energy you create while riding, converts（转换）it into electricity and channels it into the power outlets（插座）．
The idea of using exercise equipment to produce electricity is not new. A gym in Hong Kong has been doing this since 2007. But clean (and healthy）energy is just now starting to catch on in U. S. gyms·"We have seen a significant increase in interest in the past six months，which is a good sign that fitness centers are ready to spend money on green technologies，” says Mike Curnyn，co-founder of the Green Revolution，a Connecticut-based firm that wires bikes into a central battery that can store energy.
The Green Microgym，first opened in 2008，has more than 200 members and is doing so well that owner Adam Boesel opened another one five miles from the original．Although membership costs about the same as ordinary gyms，customers can earn gift certificates from local businesses for watts produced while exercising．An average workout creates 37. 5 watt hours，which is enough to power a phone for a week．
Boesel uses spin bikes made by Resource Fitness，a Seattle company he co-owns，that captures energy produced from the flywheel. Wires send the converted AC current（交流电流）into any standard wall outlet-for this reason，the product line"s name is Plug Out-and the energy created is used before the building draws power from the grid（电网）．Unlike the Green Revolution equipment，Plug Out machines cannot store extra energy. A third company，the Florida-based ReRev，is adding converters to a specific brand of spin bikes. But since the converters add＄1，000 to the price of the equipment，the ReRev and Green Revolution machines are at a disadvantage．
Resource Fitness，by contrast，sells its equipment for the same＄1，200 price as non- electricity-producing machines，removing the question of how long it will be until the energy savings pay for the cost of the unit．The company can afford to do this because its designs don’t call for the extra wiring needed for battery packs and large converters．It is also trying to price competitively with standard equipment so more gyms-and gym goers-will make the switch．
小题1:Members of the Green Microgym earn gift certificates for_______．| A．using the man-powered exercise equipment | | B．saving electricity for local businesses | | C．producing green electricity to power their phones | | D．paying higher membership fees |
小题2:The spin bikes made by Resource Fitness are different from those by Green Revolution in that_______.| A．they are easier to ride | | B．they are more expensive | | C．they don"t have wires connected | | D．they can not store extra electricity |
小题3:What might prevent the green exercise equipment from getting more popular？| A．People"s unwillingness to go green． | | B．The high cost of making it. | | C．Safety problems concerning electricity. | | D．Lack of certificates． |
小题4:The underlined words“make the switch”in the last paragraph most probably mean_____.| A．change to a different gym | | B．use green exercise equipment | | C．switch on the spin bikes | | D．add a battery to the machine |
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Digestion 5 a complex series of signals between the gut (肠道)and the nervous system and it takes about 20 minutes for the brain to tell that the body has eaten enough. This means that if someone eats too 6 , the signals will come slowly, leading to 7 .
Scientists say that distractions make it 8 for us to remember what we have eaten. This absent-mindedness stops us from feeling 9 – and sends us reaching for some snacks later on. It is thought that our memory of what we have eaten plays a key role in 10 appetite. This means that distractions stop us from remembering the detail of what we have eaten – leaving us feeling 11 .
Advocates of mindful eating 12 chewing food slowly and taking note of its color, smell and flavor. Before 13 dieters should ask themselves if they are really hungry---and if not, distract themselves by going for a walk or reading. Done 14 , mindful eating may not only leave you 15 , but also make you enjoy mealtimes.
| 小题1: | | A．feeling | B．protecting | C．freeing | D．saving |
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| 小题2: | | A．shape | B．health | C．touch | D．business |
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| 小题3: | | A．appetite | B．speed | C．emotion | D．mind |
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| 小题4: | | A．orders | B．sounds | C．desires | D．messages |
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| 小题5: | | A．discovers | B．involves | C．sends | D．holds |
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| 小题6: | | A．quickly | B．slowly | C．gradually | D．suddenly |
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| 小题7: | | A．imbalance | B．damage | C．overeating | D．failure |
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| 小题8: | | A．clearer | B．easier | C．sharper | D．harder |
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| 小题9: | | A．full | B．great | C．comfortable | D．delicious |
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| 小题10: | | A．building | B．losing | C．controlling | D．improving |
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| 小题11: | | A．upset | B．eager | C．hungry | D．desperate |
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| 小题12: | | A．mind | B．advise | C．avoid | D．consider |
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| 小题13: | | A．snacking | B．running | C．writing | D．cooking |
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| 小题14: | | A．quietly | B．strongly | C．properly | D．poorly |
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| 小题15: | | A．slim | B．fat | C．strong | D．calm |
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Shaped like a pair of almonds sitting in the middle of your brain, the amygdala helps control fear and anxiety. A rare condition called Urbach-Wiethe disease left SM without her amygdala, and seems to have completely erased her sense of fear.
To try to understand how the amygdala works, a team of researchers made their efforts to scare SM. They showed her horror movies and took her to the Waverly Hills Sanatorium Haunted House in Kentucky. She pushed out one of the monsters(巨物) and laughed. SM said she didn’t like snakes, but at a pet store full of poisonous creatures, she kept asking to touch them. When asked to rate her feelings, SM reported feeling surprised or disgusted, but never fearful.
“She tends to approach everything she should be avoiding,” says Justin Feinstein of the University of Iowa. This means the amygdala could control deeper urges to approach or avoid danger. Other scientists have a different opinion, though. “I don’t believe you can make a general statement about what the amygdala does by a single case study,” Elizabeth Phelps said. In 2002, Phelps published a study on a similar patient with amygdala damage who still showed fear.
It may sound like fun to be totally fearless, but we get scared for a good reason. “The nature of fear is survival and the amygdala helps us stay alive by avoiding situations, people, or objects that put our life in danger,” Feinstein said. SM was once followed in a park after dark by a man with a knife, and she simply walked away. “It is quite remarkable that she is still alive,” said Feinstein.
小题1:SM dares to walk alone in the dark mainly because ____________.| A．she is a superhero | | B．she has experienced such conditions a lot | | C．she is a mental patient | | D．she has no sense of fear |
小题2:Researchers tried their best to frighten SM in order to find ___________.| A．The function of a particular organ | | B．SM’s reaction of fear and anxiety | | C．The process of removing amygdale | | D．A special way to get along with monsters |
小题3:What do we know from the research on SM?| A．It was easy for her to avoid danger. | | B．SM never felt fearful but disgusted. | | C．SM was frightened by nothing except monsters. | | D．SM got along well with the snakes. |
小题4:What is Elizabeth Phelps’ attitude toward the function of the amygdala based on the research on SM?| A．Indifferent | B．Supportive | C．Disapproving | D．Interested |
小题5:What can we infer from the last paragraph?| A．People can remove their amygdala to be fearless. | | B．SM will be admired because of her bravery. | | C．No one can survive if their amygdala is removed. | | D．The sense of fear is crucial to humans. |
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As we get older, the fear of not having a good memory grows for many people. A lot of people 48 that the loss of memory can be the sign of Alzheimer’s(老年痴呆症).
It is true that as we grow older we are more 49 to develop Alzheimer’s. But with a proper lifestyle that includes a balanced diet and exercise, one can stay mentally 50 into their old age.
There are many causes of memory loss that have nothing to do with Alzheimer’s. As researchers come 51 to understanding Alzheimer’s, the outlook(前景) is 52 for people with this illness. New treatments are becoming available. With improved diagnosis(诊断), medications and treatment, one day we may be able to 53 or even reverse (反转) memory loss as we age.
Memory loss is 54 a topic of concern for people. Having Alzheimer’s can lead to increased dependency on others. Not being able to manage basic daily 55 on your own or even not being able to recognize family members would be a serious hit to anyone. This is why many elderly people often have questions and concerns.
| 小题1: | | A．worry | B．guess | C．insist | D．suggest |
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| 小题2: | | A．eager | B．nervous | C．likely | D．ready |
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| 小题3: | | A．healthy | B．honest | C．brave | D．kind |
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| 小题4: | | A．faster | B．slower | C．farther | D．closer |
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| 小题5: | | A．reducing | B．ending | C．improving | D．waiting |
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| 小题6: | | A．make | B．take | C．prevent | D．protect |
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| 小题7: | | A．also | B．still | C．ever | D．even |
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| 小题8: | | A．activities | B．news | C．meals | D．drinks |
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