The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recently announced trends i
题型：不详难度：来源：
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recently announced trends in fruit and vegetable consumption(食用) among adults. Since 2000, the CDC has made efforts with goals of getting 75% of Americans to eat two or more servings of fruit a day and 50% of Americans to eat three or more servings of vegetables a day. Unfortunately, Americans aren’t meeting these modest targets.
Although a diet high in fruit and vegetables can reduce the risk of many diseases, Americans just aren’t getting enough. In fact, since 2000, the amount of vegetables Americans are eating has stayed the same and the amount of fruit Americans are eating has gone down. The CDC also finds that only about a third of adults are eating their expected servings of fruit, and just over a quarter of adults are eating their expected servings of vegetables.
So why aren’t Americans getting their expected servings of fruit and vegetables? It turns out that Americans might be spoiled when it comes to their produce. A national survey conducted by Fruit2day reveals that nearly half of Americans leave fruit in their fridges until it rots with people in Boston among the worst and those in New York and Los Angeles among the best. Sadly, most Americans admit to leaving fruit in the fridge for more than a week.
There are many reasons why Americans don’t eat their fruit or vegetables, including the inconvenience of having to wash or peel it. Fruit2day offers consumers a surprising and convenient way to enjoy the goodness of fruit.
“With no added sugar, natural juices and two full servings of fruit, our Fruit2day line has really captured the imaginations of health-conscious consumers who are actively looking to get more fruit in their diets,” said Hanno Holm, president and chief executive officer of Hero-White Wave. “Fruit2day makes getting more fruit in one’s diet easier for any daily snack routine.”
小题1:For 4 million American adults, how many of them are eating two or more servings of fruit a day?| A．About 1.3 million. | B．About 2 million. | C．About 3 million. | D．About 1 million. |
小题2:We can learn from the first two paragraphs that __________ .| A．Americans have been eating fewer vegetables since 2000. | | B．most Americans eat less fruit to reduce the risk of diseases. | | C．most Americans prefer fruit to vegetables. | | D．over 25% of adults are eating three or more daily servings of vegetables. |
小题3:In which city are people most likely to leave fruit in their fridge?| A．In Boston. | B．In New York. | C．In Los Angeles. | D．Not mentioned. |
小题4:With the help of Fruit2day, Americans can __________ .| A．easily get rid of their bad eating habits | | B．conveniently have more fruit in their diets | | C．add sugar and natural juices to their diets | | D．find another excuse for not eating healthily |
小题5:Americans don’t eat their fruit or vegetables because __________ .| A．they are relatively forgetful | | B．they are too busy with their work | | C．they don’t think it convenient to eat them | | D．they prefer daily snacks with added sugar |
|
答案
小题1:A
小题2:D
小题3:A
小题4:B
小题5:C |
解析
试题分析：本文讲述了美国人摄入水果和蔬菜不足的问题，Fruit2day line倡导人们要多吃水果蔬菜，提高健康水平。
小题1:A 计算题。根据第二段最后两行The CDC also finds that only about a third of adults are eating their expected servings of fruit, and just over a quarter of adults are eating their expected servings of vegetables.说明大约只有3分之一的成年人，故A正确。
小题2:D 细节题。根据第二段最后一句and just over a quarter of adults are eating their expected servings of vegetables.说明D正确。
小题3:A 细节题。根据第三段3,4行A national survey conducted by Fruit2day reveals that nearly half of Americans leave fruit in their fridges until it rots with people in Boston among the worst and those in New York and Los Angeles among the best.说明A正确。
小题4:B 细节题。根据倒数第二段2,3行Fruit2day offers consumers a surprising and convenient way to enjoy the goodness of fruit.说明B正确。
小题5:C 细节题。根据倒数第二段1,2行There are many reasons why Americans don’t eat their fruit or vegetables, including the inconvenience of having to wash or peel it说明C正确。
点评：本文讲述了美国人摄入水果和蔬菜不足的问题。文章基本上是考查细节题，对此类题型考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词，然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节，找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定最佳答案。 |
举一反三
根据短文内容，从下框A~F选项中选出能概括每段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余项。
A. A sense of humour is not an inborn ability.
B. A sense of humour can be developed in our life.
C. A sense of humour helps us from several aspects.
D. A sense of humour means more than telling jokes.
E. A sense of humour can be expressed in many ways.
F. A sense of humour helps people to better enjoy life.
|
小题1:As awareness of the benefits of humour increases, most of us want to get all the laughs we can. It seems that almost every day there is another new discovery about the power of humour to help us physically, mentally, emotionally, and spiritually. Every system of the body responds to laughter in some important or positive way.
小题2:Many people mistakenly believe that we are born with a sense of humour. They think that when it comes to a sense of humour. “Either you have got it or you don’t.” This is
false! What is true, however, is that the ability to laugh and smile is actually something we are born with. For example, we laugh when we are tickled under the arm, even without thinking about how to react.
小题3:The parts of the brain and central nervous system that control laughing and smiling are mature at birth in human infants, but that is not the same thing as having a sense of humour. (After all, when a baby laughs in his small bed we don’t rush over and say, “That kid has a great sense of humour!”) Your sense of humour is something you can develop over a lifetime. Don’t be nervous before others and try to laugh at yourself-then you will make them laugh too.
小题4:Humour includes a lot more than laughing and joke telling. Many people worry needlessly that they do not have a good sense of humour because they are not good joke tellers. More than jokes, a sense of humour requires being willing and able to see the funny side of life’s situations as they happen. In fact, one of the best definitions（定义）of a sense of humour is “the ability to see the nonserious element in a situation.”
小题5:There may be a thousand different ways to express your sense of humour, but joke telling is only one of those ways. As more is discovered about how humour benefits our life, more people will be able to see and enjoy the humour when they are in a difficult situation. Life depends on air, food and water, but it is made easier to live with a good sense of humour. |
Bungee jumping is an activity about jumping from a tall structure while connected to a large elastic cord(有弹性的绳子). The tall structure is usually a fixed object, such as a building, bridge or crane; but it is also possible to jump from a movable object, such as a hot-air balloon or helicopter, that has the ability to stay over one place on the ground; fixed-wing aircraft are unsuitable because they only stay high when moving quickly forward.
When the person jumps, the cord stretches to absorb (吸收)the energy of the fall, then the jumper flies upwards again as the cord jumps back. The jumper oscillates(摆动)up and down until all the energy is used up.
The word bungee first appeared around 1930 and was the name for a rubber eraser. The first modern bungee jumps were made on 1 April 1979 from the 250-foot Clifton Suspension Bridge in Bristol, by David Kirk, Chris Baker and Alan Weston of the Dangerous Sports Club. The jumpers continued with jumps in the US from the Golden Gate and Royal Gorge bridges, spreading the concept worldwide. By 1982 they were jumping from mobile cranes and hot-air balloons. Later they put on commercial(商业的)shows, which began in 1986.
As with any sport, injuries can still happen, and there have been deaths. A relatively common mistake in the cases that may cause death is to use a cord that is too long. The cord should be fully shorter than the height of the jumping place to allow it room to jumper either starts to slow down or keeps speeding up depending upon the speed of falling.
小题1:Which of the following is NOT suitable for bungee jumping?| A．The fixed-wing aircraft | B．The helicopter | | C．The hot-air balloon | D．The mobile crane |
小题2:In the second paragraph, the author tells_________________.| A．who suits bungee jumping | | B．the principle of bungee jumping | | C．the material used for bungee jumping | | D．the danger of bungee jumping |
小题3:According to the last paragraph, the safety of the jumpers depends mainly on________.| A．the weight of the jumper | | B．the height of the jumping place | | C．the length of the cord | | D．the speed of the falling |
小题4:The purpose of writing this passage is to__________.| A．teach people how to carry out a bungee jumping | | B．remind people of the danger of bungee jumping | | C．advise people not to take the risk of bungee jumping | | D．introduce some knowledge about bungee jumping |
|
Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning(中毒). Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly. The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food. Fever is one of the most common symptoms.
Certain microorganisms（微生物）cause most types of food poisoning. Bacteria and other microorganisms can poison eggs, meat, vegetables, and many other foods. After entering the body, these tiny living things release（释放）poisons that make people sick.
Some chemicals can also cause food poisoning. They are often added to food while it is being grown, processed, or prepared. For example, many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects. Some people may have a bad reaction to those chemicals when they eat the crops.
Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people. These include certain kinds of seafood, grains, nuts, seeds, beans, and mushrooms.
When people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small. Microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures. This means that people should never touch food with dirty hands or put food on unwashed surfaces. Food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing. Meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms. People should also wash food covered with chemicals before eating it. Finally, people should not eat wild mushrooms or other foods that grow in the wild. Some of these foods may contain natural materials that are poisonous to humans. In addition, some types of fish can be poisonous.
Most people recover from food poisoning after a few days of resting and drinking extra water. If people eat natural poisons, they must go to the hospital right away to have their stomachs emptied.
小题1:Which of the following statements is NOT true? | A．Food when poisoned can make people sick. | B．Food poisoning means death. | | C．Food poisoning comes in varieties. | D．Food poisoning can be serious. |
小题2:We know from the passage that the symptoms of food poisoning .| A．are always accompanied by a fever | B．are too common to be noted | | C．can be noticed within hours | D．can he ignored |
小题3:Food poisoning can be caused by all the following EXCEPT . | A．some chemicals | B．low temperatures | | C．some tiny living things | D．certain natural materials |
小题4:From Paragraph 5,we can learn that .| A．mushrooms should not be eaten | | B．vegetables are safer than meat and seafood | | C．natural poisons are more dangerous than chemicals | | D．different types of food should be handled differently |
小题5:It can be inferred from the passage that .| A．natural materials are safe in food processing | | B．chemicals are needed in food processing | | C．food poisoning can be kept under control | | D．food poisoning is out of control |
|
阅读下面短文，从各题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
People who smoke could lose around one third of their daily memory, researchers say.
A study by a team at Northumbria University showed that smokers lost more of their memory when compared to non-smokers.
And the research also found that those who kicked the habit saw their ability to recollect information restored to almost the same level as non-smokers.
The study involved more than seventy 18-to-25-year-olds and included a tour of the university’s campus. Those who took part were asked to recall small details, such as a list of songs played at a campus concert and tasks completed at various points－known as real world memory test. Smokers performed badly, remembering just 59 percent of tasks. But those who had given up smoking remembered 74 percent and those who had never smoked recalled 81 percent of tasks.
Dr. Tom Heffernan, who leads Northumbria University’s Collaboration for Drug and Alcohol Research Group, said the findings would be useful in anti-smoking campaigns. He said, “Given that there are up to 10 million smokers in the UK and as many as 45 million in the United States, it"s important to understand the effects smoking has on everyday cognitive（认知的）function-of which prospective memory is an excellent example. ”
“This is the first time that a study has set out to examine whether giving up smoking has an impact on memory. We already know that giving up smoking has huge health benefits for the body, but this study also shows how stopping smoking can have knock-on benefits for cognitive functions too. ’’
The research will now investigate the effects of passive smoking on memory, while Dr. Heffernan and Dr. Terence O’Neil will look into the effects of third-hand smoking－toxins left on curtains and furniture.
小题1:What’s the main idea of the passage?| A．Smoking does harm to health. | | B．Smokers take a tour to the University’s campus. | | C．Smoking can affect one’s memory. | | D．Smokers are compared to non-smokers. |
小题2:How did those who took part in the study perform when asked to recall small details?| A．Smokers did the worst among the participants. | | B．Non-smokers could recall about half of them. | | C．Smokers could recall nothing at all. | | D．Those who gave up smoking did best. |
小题3:According to Dr. Tom Heffernan, the findings_______. | A．would be really a surprise to the public | | B．would contribute to fighting against smoking | | C．would be used in real world memory test | | D．would be nothing new to the researchers |
小题4:What does the underlined word “impact’’ most probably mean?| A．order | B．impression | C．expression | D．effect |
小题5:What will Dr. Heffernan and Dr Terence O’Neil do?| A．Investigate the effects of third-hand smoking. | | B．Do research on how smoking affects passive smokers. | | C．Find ways to persuade people to quit smoking. | | D．Study whether giving up smoking affects memory. |
|
Which do you think is the best way to keep healthy?
With the development of the society, people no longer worry about where their next meal comes from as they did in the old days. They become more and more concerned about their health problem. Different people come up with different views: eating green food, doing outdoor exercises or going to hospital for medical treatment frequently. As far as I am concerned, the best way to keep healthy is to develop a good quality of psychology(心理).
According to some surveys, nowadays, most patients are not physically sick but mentally(精神上) ill. They feel the burden on their shoulders is much heavier than others, so they can’t step out of the shadow of depression and sadness. They need to release their spirit to the nature.
Besides, if you have developed a good quality of psychology, you’ll become more sociable and thus more willing to play your part in the society. Joining in some keep-fit clubs or attending some travel agency, which by themselves are various versions of physical exercise, will benefit you a lot.
As a poem says, youth is not a period of time; it’s a state of mind. Everybody wants to keep young at heart because youth is a symbol for endless energy and passion for living.
Keep a good quality of mind, or keep a sense of humour, even if you are 80, and you’ll never be old.
小题1:According to the passage, in the old days, what people cared most might be _____.| A．food | B．exercising | C．clothing | D．health |
小题2:According to the writer, the best way to keep healthy is to _____.| A．have meals regularly | B．do outdoor exercises | | C．go to hospital frequently | D．keep psychological health |
小题3:The most probable reason for patients who are mentally ill might be ____.| A．burden | B．depression | C．sadness | D．spirit |
小题4:The best way to develop a good quality of psychology might be ____.| A．taking social responsibility | B．exercising in a keep-fit club | | C．going on journeys | D．taking physical exercise |
小题5:The key point to keep young is to _____.| A．keep exercising | B．keep a young heart | | C．keep humourous | D．keep a proper diet |
|
最新试题
热门考点