When did you last see a polar bear(北极熊)? On a trip to a zoo, perhaps? If you had
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When did you last see a polar bear(北极熊)? On a trip to a zoo, perhaps? If you had attended a winter activity in New York a few years ago, you would have seen a whole polar bear club. These "Polar Bears" are people who meet frequently in the winter to swim in freezing cold water. That day, the air temperature was 3℃,and the water temperature was a little higher. The members of the Polar Bear Club at Coney Island, New York are usually about the age of 60. Members must satisfy two requirements. First, they must get along well with everyone else in the group; this is very important because there are so many different kinds of people in the club. Polar Bears must also agree to swim outdoors at least twice a month from November through February.
Doctors don"t agree about the medical effects of cold-winter swimming. Some are worried about the dangers of a condition in which the body"s temperature drops so low that finally the heart stops. Other doctors, however, point out that there is more danger of a heart attack during summer swimming because the difference between the air temperature and water temperature is much greater in summer than in winter.
The Polar Bears themselves are satisfied with the benefits of cold-water swimming. They say that their favorite form of exercise is very good for the circulatory system(循环系统) because it forces the blood to move fast to keep the body warm. Cold-water swimmers usually turn bright red after a few minutes in the water. A person who turns blue probably has a very poor circulatory system and should not try cold-water swimming.
The main benefits of cold-water swimming are probably mental. The Polar Bears love to swim all year round; they find it fun and relaxing. As one 70-year-old woman says, "When I go into water, I pour my troubles into the ocean and let them float away."
小题1:The members of the Polar Bear Club must meet the following requirements except that____. | A．they must swim outdoors at least 8 times in the four cold months | | B．they must reach the age of 60 | | C．they should be easy to make friends with | | D．they must agree to swim outdoors from November through February |
小题2:According to the passage, some doctors believe it is true that_____. | A．polar Bears are bears swimming in freezing water | | B．cold-water swimming can make the body temperature dangerously high | | C．you are healthy if cold-water swimming turns your skin color blue | | D．cold-water swimming causes more heart attacks in summer than in winter |
小题3:The Polar Bears like to swim year-round, for_____. | A．it is an easy way to keep the body warm in winter | | B．they can remain young | | C．they find it enjoyable and interesting | | D．they might meet fewer troubles in life |
小题4:The passage is mainly about_____. | A．the requirements of the Polar Bear Club | | B．a group of cold-water-swimming lovers | | C．the Polar Bears" life in New York | | D．doctors" ideas about cold-water swimming |
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:D
小题3:C
小题4:B |
解析
试题分析:
小题1:细节题，由第一段第六行New York are usually about the age of 60. Members must satisfy two requirements. First, they must get along well with everyone else in the group; this is very important because there are so many different kinds of people in the club. Polar Bears must also agree to swim outdoors at least twice a month from November through February.可以知道答案，故选B。
小题2:细节题，由第二段第二行Some are worried about the dangers of a condition in which the body"s temperature drops so low that finally the heart stops.可以知道答案，因此，答案为 D。
小题3:细节题，由最后一段第二句话The Polar Bears love to swim all year round; they find it fun and relaxing.可以知道答案，故选C。
小题4:推理题，由文章的主要意思“北极熊爱在冷水里引出人能否在较冷水里洗澡”，所以可以推出文章主要写给爱在冷水里洗澡的爱好者，所以选B
点评：本文说明了人能否在冷水里洗澡。对于文章中的细节题，要注意文章中的细节的理解。对于推理题，要求学生有很强的推理能力，能从已给出的句子推出未知的。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。 |
举一反三
Drunk driving(醉驾) has become a serious problem in China. According to the Ministry of Public Security(公安部), the police caught more than half a million drunk drivers in 2010. On the night of May 9.2011. musician Gao Xiaosong ran his car into three other cars in Beijing because he drank too much wine. He was punished(惩罚) under China’s new drunk driving law that came into use on May 1.2011.
The new law sees drunk driving as a crime(犯罪). In the west, drunk driving is also a crime. In the US, for example, if the police catch a drunk driver, the driver will pay a fine, lose his or her license and even go to prison(监狱). If the driver wants to drive again, he or she has to do public service, and take part in educational programs.
You may think: drunk driving is crime? Isn’t this law too unkind? But experts say: not at all. They think it is to protect people’s tights to life and health. Drunk driving is very dangerous!
小题1: Mr. Gao ran his car into three other cars because .| A．he went home too late | B．he drank too much wine | | C．the road was too crowded | D．he was sleepy |
小题2: What does the underlined part “a fine” in the second paragraph refer to(指)？| A．Health | B．Weather | C．money | D．wealth |
小题3: When do experts think of the new law?| A．The law is to protect people’s rights to life and health | | B．The law is not kind to drunk drivers | | C．Driving has become a serious problem | | D．Drunk driving is very dangerous |
小题4:Which of the following sentence is TRUE?| A．Drunk driving isn’t dangerous | | B．In the US, drunk drivers will lose their licenses | | C．The police caught less than half a million drunk drivers in 2010 | | D．In China, drunk driving is not a crime |
备注：1.文章最后一段的tights 应改为rights, 2.第65小题中的when 应改为what |
A new survey finds that more than eighty percent of Internet users in the United States search for health information online. The survey found that searching online is one of the leading ways that people look for a second opinion though doctors are still the main source of health information.
Forty-four percent of people are actually looking for doctors or other providers when they search for health information online. Another finding of the survey: Two-thirds of Internet users look online for information about a specific disease or medical condition.
The Internet has also become an important source of emotional support for people with health problems. Susannah Fox says one in five Internet users has gone online to find other people who have the same condition. It was more popular among people with more serious health issues—one in four people living with chronic diseases (慢性病). And it was basically off the charts with people living with rare disease. They are so eager to find other people online who share their health concerns.
A disease is considered rare if it affects fewer than two hundred thousand people worldwide. The rise of social networking has made it easier for people with rare diseases to connect with each other and feel less alone. Social networking is also changing the way some doctors and patients communicate with each other. Dr. Jeff Livingston operates a medical center for women in Irving, Texas. His office uses password-protected software to share information with patients.
“We provide the patient full access to their medical care. Anything I can see, the patient can see. All of their notes, all of their doctor visits are right there. All of their lab work is right there.” Dr. Livingston says the software has increased efficiency, reduced costs and improved relations with patients.
小题1:From the first paragraph, we can know _________.| A．most online health information is reliable | | B．more people now turn to the Internet for medical advice | | C．people shouldn’t rely on the Internet for medical advice | | D．doctors are no longer the patients’ first choice |
小题2: The underlined words “off the charts” in Paragraph 3 mean _________.| A．very popular | B．not accessible | C．far away from | D．not attractive |
小题3: By using social networking, patients with rare diseases can _________.| A．find effective cures | B．get emotional comfort | | C．ask for financial support | D．consult doctors anytime |
小题4: Which of the following is NOT true of Dr. Livingston’s software?| A．It cuts down medical expenses. | | B．It decreases the time spent on medical care. | | C．It takes doctors closer to their patients. | | D．It gives patients a medical test online. |
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Experts say it is not easy to get used to life in a new culture. “ Culture shock” is the term these experts use when talking about the feelings that people have in a new environment. There are three stages of culture shock, say the experts. In the first stage, the newcomers like their new environment. Then, when the fresh experience dies, they begin to hate the city, the country, the people and everything else. In the last stage, the newcomers begin to adjust to their surroundings and, as a result, enjoy their life more.
There are some obvious factors in culture shock. The weather may be unpleasant. The customs may be different. The public service systems---the telephone, post office ,or transportation --may be difficult to work out. The simplest things seem to be big problems. The language may be difficult.
Who feels culture shock? Everyone does in this way or that. But culture shock surprises most people. Very often the people having the worst culture shock are those who never had any difficulties in their home countries and were successful in their community. Coming to a new country, these people find they do not have the same established positions. They find themselves without a role, almost without an identity. They have to build a new self-image.
Culture shock causes a feeling of disorientation (迷惘）. This feeling may be homesickness. When homesick, people feel like staying inside all the time. They want to protect themselves from the strange environment, and create an escape inside their room for a sense of security. This escape does solve the problem of culture shock for the short term, but it does nothing to make the person familiar with the culture. Getting to know the new environment and gaining experience--these are the long-term solutions to the problem of culture shock.
小题1:According to the passage, the more successful you are at home, _________________.| A．the fewer difficulties you may have abroad | | B．the more difficulties you may have abroad | | C．the more money you will earn abroad | | D．the less homesick you will feel abroad |
小题2:.Which of the following is NOT right according to the passage?| A．“Culture shock” is a term used to describe the feelings that people experience in a new environment | | B．In the second stage of “ Culture shock”, people may hate the life in the new environment | | C．When you are homesick, you had better not stay at home all the time | | D．Every one of us doesn’t feel culture shock in this way or that |
小题3:.What is the main idea of the last paragraph?| A．Escape unfamiliar environment | | B．The feeling of homesickness | | C．The best way to overcome (克服、战胜）culture shock: get familiar with the new culture | | D．Homesickness can solve the problem of culture shock |
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Vitamin D helps bones and muscles grow strong and healthy. Low levels of vitamin D can lead to diseases such as rickets (佝偻病), mainly found in children. The thinning of bone is a common problem as people, especially women, get older.
But more and more research is suggesting that vitamin D might also help prevent many diseases. The easiest way to get vitamin D is from sunlight. The sun’s ultraviolet (紫外线的) rays react with skin cells to produce vitamin D. But many people worry about getting skin cancer and skin damage from the sun. As a result they stay out of the sun. Also, darker-skinned people produce less vitamin D than lighter-skinned people. The amount also decreases in older people and those living in northern areas that get less sunlight.
Not many foods naturally contain vitamin D. Foods high in this vitamin include oily fish and fish liveroils (鱼肝油). Farmed fish have only about one-fourth as much vitamin D as wild fish. Small amounts of vitamin D are found in beef liver, cheese and egg yolks. But most of the vitamin D in the American diet comes from foods such as milk.
Research in the last several years has shown that low levels of vitamin D may increase the risk of heart attacks in men and deaths from some cancers. More doctors are now having their patients tested for their vitamin D levels. But as research continues, some experts worry that if people take too much vitamin D, it might act as a poison. Also, skin doctors warn people to be careful with sun exposure because of the risk of skin cancer.
小题1:The first paragraph is mainly about .| A．the muscle diseases | B．the sources of vitamins | | C．the importance of health | D．the functions of vitamin D |
小题2:Which of the following people produce the least amount of vitamin D?______| A．Elderly darker-skinned people. | B．Young lighter-skinned people. | | C．Elderly lighter-skinned people. | D．Young darker-skinned people. |
小题3: People can get the most vitamin D from .| A．beef liver | B．cheese | C．wild fish | D．farmed fish |
小题4:What can we infer from the text?_________
A. Being exposed to sunlight is the safest way to get vitamin D.
B. Lack of vitamin D can make people age quickly.
C. Proper vitamin D levels people need are still not determined now.
D. The vitamin D level is higher in men than in women. |
Want to stay away from colds? Put on a happy face.
Compared to unhappy people, those who are cheerful and relaxed are less likely to suffer from colds, according to a new study. It"s possible that being happy helps the body fight illnesses, say the researchers from New York University.
"It seems that positive feelings may reduce the danger of illness," said the study"s chief researcher Sheldon Cohen.
In an earlier study, Cohen found that people who were cheerful and lively caught coughs and colds less often. People who showed feelings were also less likely to tell their doctors that they felt ill.
In this study, Cohen"s interviewed 193 adults every day for two weeks. During the interviews, the people were given colds by doctors and had to stay alone in a room for six days.
The results showed that everyone in the study was equally likely to get ill. But for people who said they felt happy during the research period, their illness are less serious and lasted for a shorter time.
Cohen believes that when people experience positive feelings, their body may produce a chemical that helps fight illness and disease. So if you are worried abut your health, look on the bright side more often.
小题1:Which of the following was NOT a part of the study?| A．People talked about their feelings every day. | | B．People were kept alone for six days. | | C．People were given colds by doctors. | | D．People were made to feel unhappy. |
小题2:What did the study find?| A．People who felt happy never got ill. | | B．People"s feelings didn"t influence their health. | | C．People with good feelings became ill more easily. | | D．People with positive feelings had less serious illnesses. |
小题3:According to Cohen, which of the following may help fight illness?| A．Eating. | B．Crying. | C．Laughing. | D．Sleeping. |
小题4:This passage is a/an .| A．advertisement | B．newspaper report | C．story | D．scientist"s diary |
小题5:What is the best title for this passage?| A．Smiles can fight colds | B．Cause of colds found | | C．The danger of colds | D．How people get sick |
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