People believes that climbing can do good to hea
题型：不详难度：来源：
People believes that climbing can do good to health. Where can you learn the skill of climbing then? If you think that you have to go to the mountains to learn how to climb, you’re wrong. Many Americans are learning to climb in city gyms(体育馆). Here, people are learning on climbing. The climbing wall goes straight up and small holding places for hands and feet.
How do people climb the wall? To climb, you need special shoes and (保护带) around your chest to hold you. There are ropes(绳索)tied to your. The ropes hold you in place so that you don’t fall. A beginner’s wall is usually about 15 feet high, and you climb straight up. There are small pieces of metal that stick out for you to stand on and hold on to. Sometimes it’s easy to see the new piece of metal. Sometimes, it’s not. The most difficult is an your fear. It’s normal for humans to be afraid of falling, so it’s difficult not to feel fear. But when you move away from the wall, the and the ropes hold you, and you begin to feel safe. You move slowly until you reach the top.
Climbing attracts people because it’s good exercise for almost everyone. You use your whole body, especially your arms and legs. This sport gives your body a complete workout. When you climb, both your mind and your body can become stronger.
小题1:What can we infer from the passage?| A．People are fairly interested in climbing nowadays. | | B．It is impossible to build up one’s body by climbing. | | C．People can only learn the skill of climbing outdoors. | | D．It is always easy to see holding places in climbing. |
小题2:The most difficult thing to do in wall climbing is _______.| A．to tie ropes to your | B．to control your fear | | C．to move away from the wall | D．to climb straight up |
小题3:The word “workout” underlined in the last paragraph most probably means _________.| A．settlement | B．exercise | C．excitement | D．tiredness |
小题4:Why does the author write this passage?| A．To tell people where to find gyms. | B．To prove the basic need for climbing | | C．To encourage people to climb mountains. | D．introduce the sport of wall climbing |
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答案
小题1:A
小题2:B
小题3:B
小题4:D |
解析
小题1:判断推理题。短文的第一段和最后一段分别有两句话：People believe that climbing can do good to health. Climbing attracts people because it’s good exercise for almost everyone. 这也分别是每段的主题句。
小题2:细节查找题。第二段倒数第三行：The most difficult is to control you fear.
小题3:词义推断题。第三段第一句Climbing attracts people because it’s good exercsie for almost everyone.这是本段的主题句。下文进一步谈到在进行攀岩时身体的这个部位得到全面锻炼。
小题4:判断推理题。全文谈到攀岩的地点、攀岩的注意事项、攀岩的好处等，总之，写作目的是向人们介绍攀岩这项运动。 |
举一反三
According to a famous optical(光学) expert, Alexander, who recently visited Shanghai, the developed countries in Europe and America have made rules that children must wear resinous(树脂) glasses instead of the traditional glasses made of glass. This is because the glass glasses are more likely to do harm to children’s eyesight.
Alexander pointed out: wearing the right glasses as soon as possible is still the best way to cure and put right children’s eyesight problems.
In America and Japan the resinous glasses have taken up 80 percent of the glasses market. And some European countries and America have made it a law that children, teenagers and drivers must wear resinous glasses. Now, about 10 million children in China have different eyesight problems and they need timely treatment.
But still, too many parents are buying the traditional glass glasses for their children. This is mainly because many parents know little or nothing about the good points of the resinous glasses. Besides, the price for the new glasses is a little higher than the traditional ones.
小题1:This news article mainly wants to tell us _______.| A．Alexander visited China and introduced a new type of glasses | | B．we should wear resinous glasses instead of glass glasses | | C．resinous glasses are popular in Europe and America | | D．glasses can be made of other materials instead of glass |
小题2:According to Alexander, the “timely treatment” to eyesight problems is _______. | A．to stop wearing glass glasses any more | | B．to buy a pair of glasses and wear them right away | | C．to wear suitable resinous glasses at the right time | | D．to buy glasses made in Europe, Japan or America if possible |
小题3: It can be inferred from this news text that _______. | A．resinous glasses are not on sale in China yet | | B．resinous glasses are not acceptable in China | | C．glass glasses have disappeared on western market because there is a law against them | | D．glass glasses are the first choice in China not only because of their price |
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A Brown University sleep researcher has some advice for people who run high schools: Don’t start classes so early in the morning. It may not be that the students who nod off at their desks are lazy. And it may not be that their parents have failed to enforce (确保) bedtime. Instead, it may be that biologically these sleepyhead students aren’t used to the early hour.
“Maybe these kids are being asked to rise at the wrong time for their bodies,” says Mary Carskadon, a professor looking at problem of adolescent (青春期的) sleep at Brown’s School of Medicine.
Carskadon is trying to understand more about the effects of early school time in adolescents. And, at a more basic level. she and her team are trying to learn more about how the biological changes of adolescence affect sleep needs and patterns.
Carskadon says her work suggests that adolescents may need more sleep than they did at childhood, no less, as commonly thought.
Sleep patterns change during adolescence, as any parent of an adolescent can prove. Most adolescents prefer to stay up later at nigh and sleep later in the morning. But it’s not just a matter of choice –their bodies are going through a change of sleep patters.
All of this makes the transfer from middle school to high school—which may start one hour earlier in the morning ---- all the more difficult , Carskadon says. With their increased need for sleep and their biological clocks set on the “sleep late, rise late” pattern, adolescent are up against difficulties when it conics to trying to be up by 5 or 6 a.m. for a 7:30 a.m. first hell. A short sleep on a desktop may be their body’s way of saying. “I need a timeout.”
小题1:Carskadon suggests that high schools should not start classes so early in the morning because ________.| A．it is really tough for parents to enforce bedtime | | B．it is biologically difficult for students to rise early | | C．students work so late at night that they can’t get up early | | D．students are so lazy that they don’t like to go to school early |
小题2:The underlined phrase “nod off” most probably means “ _______”.| A．turn around | B．agree with others | C．fall asleep | D．refuse to work |
小题3:What might be a reason for the hard transfer from middle school to high school?| A．Adolescents depend more on their parents. | | B．Adolescents have to choose their sleep patterns. | | C．Adolescents sleep better than they did at childhood. | | D．Adolescents need more sleep than they used to. |
小题4:What is the test mainly about?| A．Adolescent heath care. | B．Problems in adolescent learning. | | C．Adolescent sleep difficulties. | D．Changes in adolescent sleep needs and patterns. |
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Zinc(锌) is one of about 20 elements necessary for good health. It is present in the body in a very small amount but makes it possible for important chemical actions to be carried out in cells. Scientists are just beginning to discover how zinc and other elements work.
Researchers first studied zinc as a way to speed recovery. Dr. Waltor Powys formerly with the United States Air Force noted that the laboratory animals recovered faster when some matters were added to their food. One of these matters was zinc. Dr. Powys later tested the zinc treatment on an American airman recovering from medical operations. The airman who received zinc sulphate(硫酸盐) recovered in half of the usual time. Other doctors studied persons who had a number of strange disorders. The doctors learned that all of these problems were caused by lack of zinc in the body. They treated these disorders successfully by giving the patients zinc sulphate.
The amount of zinc in the body can be found by examining blood and hair. A lack of this important element is not uncommon among people in both industrial and developing countries. Zinc is found in most high protein(蛋白质) foods such as meat, milk, fish and eggs. It is also found in whole grains. But many people do not eat enough of these food. Food markets should add these elements so that more people could get needed amount of these necessary matters.
小题1:Which of the following statements is true?| A．Scientists found how zinc works a long time ago. | | B．People need a large amount of zinc to be healthy. | | C．Zinc allows important chemical actions to take place in cells. | | D．Zinc must be used in the course of medical operation. |
小题2: One of the results from the study of zinc is that _______. | A．there’s only a little zinc in the human body | | B．food rich in protein contains more zinc | | C．some physical problems are caused by lack of zinc | | D．any patient who receives zinc sulphate gets well immediately |
小题3:The best title for the passage may be _______. | A．A New Discovery | B．Zinc and Health | | C．How Zinc Works | D．Add Zinc to Your Food |
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The common cold is the world"s most widespread illness, which is plagues(疫病) that flesh receives.
The most widespread mistake of all is that colds are caused by cold. They are not. They are caused by viruses(病毒) passing on from person to person. You catch a cold by coming into contact, directly or indirectly, with someone who already has one. If cold causes colds, it would be reasonable to expect the Eskimos to suffer from them forever. But they do not. And in isolated Arctic regions explorers have reported being free from colds until coming into contact again with infected people from the outside world by way of packages and mail dropped from airplanes.
During the First World War soldiers who spent long periods in the trenches(战壕), cold and wet, showed no increased tendency to catch colds.
In the Second World War prisoners at the notorious Auschwitz concentration camp(奥斯维辛集中营), naked and starving, were astonished to find that they seldom had colds.
At the Common Cold Research Unit in England, volunteers took part in Experiments in which they gave themselves to the discomforts of being cold and wet for long stretches of time. After taking hot baths, they put on bathing suits, allowed themselves to be with cold water, and then stood about dripping wet in drafty room. Some wore wet socks all day while others exercised in the rain until close to exhaustion. Not one of the volunteers came down with a cold unless a cold virus was actually dropped in his nose.
If, then, cold and wet have nothing to do with catching colds, why are they more frequent in the winter? Despite the most pains—taking research, no one has yet found the answer. One explanation offered by scientists is that people tend to stay together indoors more in cold weather than at other times, and this makes it easier for cold viruses to be passed on.
No one has yet found a cure for the cold. There are drugs and pain suppressors(止痛片) such as aspirin, but all they do is to relieve the symptoms(症状).
小题1:The writer offered _______ examples to support his argument.小题2:Which of the following does not agree with the chosen passage?| A．The Eskimos do not suffer from colds all the time. | | B．Colds are not caused by cold. | | C．People suffer from colds just because they like to stay indoors. | | D．A person may catch a cold by touching someone who already had one. |
小题3:Arctic explorers may catch colds when ________.| A．they are working in the isolated Arctic regions | | B．they are writing reports in terribly cold weather | | C．they are free from work in the isolated Arctic regions | | D．they are coming into touch again with the outside world |
小题4:The passage mainly discusses ________.| A．the experiments on the common cold | | B．the fallacy about the common cold | | C．the reason and the way people catch colds | | D．the continued spread of common colds |
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Space travel is definitely bad for astronauts’ bones, reducing their bone density(密度) after only a month of weightlessness, according to French research published on Friday.
Laurence Vico and his fellow workers at St Etienne University called for more research into the effects of microgravity, after their study of 15 astronauts from the Russian MIR station showed bone loss continued throughout space flights.
“Bone loss was especially striking in four astronauts, ” the scientists reported in the Lancet Medical Journal.
They measured the bone mineral density (BMD) of bones in the forearm(前臂) and lower leg of the astronauts who had spent one to six months in space.
The BMD loss was significant in the tibia(胫骨) of the lower leg, a weight-bearing bone, but barely changed in the radius(桡骨) of the forearm. “Our results indicate the need to investigate not only different bones, but also different areas of the same bone since not all sites of the skeleton (骨架) are similarly affected by space conditions, ” they added.
Without gravity the body isn’t bearing any weight so there is no need for calcium (钙) which makes bones strong, and it becomes empty into the bloodstream.
The research team suggested in future scientists should try to determine if the loss of bone density was only on weight-bearing bones on longer flights, also the possible recovery after returning to Earth.
小题1:French scientists did their research on Russian astronauts, because _______.| A．they only cared for the Russian astronauts | | B．they were not interested in their own astronauts | | C．the Russian government invited them to do their research | | D．the Russian astronauts worked in space for a long time |
小题2:Scientists have found that _______.| A．the BMD loss may cause serious illness to astronauts | | B．the BMD loss may cause some change in astronauts’ bodies | | C．astronauts shouldn’t care about the BMD loss | | D．astronauts should take some calcium before space travel |
小题3:What cause the BMD loss to astronauts, according to this passage?| A．The food they eat in space. | B．The drinks they take in space. | | C．The temperature in space. | D．The gravity in space. |
小题4:In the third paragraph, the word “striking” means ______.| A．unusual | B．simple | C．weak | D．slow |
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