“Children who eat less salt and drink fewer sugar-sweetened soft drinks may sign

“Children who eat less salt and drink fewer sugar-sweetened soft drinks may sign

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“Children who eat less salt and drink fewer sugar-sweetened soft drinks may significantly lower their risks of obesity,” researchers recently reported in the journal Hypertension.
“Sugar-sweetened soft drinks are a significant source of calorie intake in children,” said Feng J. He, a researcher at St George’s University of London, England. “It has been shown that sugar-sweetened soft drink consumption is related to obesity in young people.” They wanted to know whether there is a link between salt intake and sugar-sweetened soft drink consumption.
Dr He and colleagues analyzed data from a 1997 national survey of more than 2,000 people between 4 and 18 in Britain. “We found that children eating a lower-salt diet drank less fluid,” said He. “From our research, we estimated that 1 gram of salt cut from their daily diet would reduce fluid intake by 100 grams per day.”
The researchers also found that children eating a lower-salt diet drank fewer sugar-sweetened soft drinks. From their research, they predicted that reducing salt intake by 1 gram each day would reduce sugar-sweetened soft drink consumption by 27 grams per day, after. “If children aged 4 to 18 cut their salt intake by half, there would be a decrease of about two sugar-sweetened soft drinks per week per child, so each child would decrease calorie intake by almost 250 kilocalories per week,” Dr He said.
In previous studies, researchers found that a low-salt diet lowers blood pressure in children, and prevents the development of high blood pressure later in life. “Both high blood pressure and obesity increase the risk of having strokes and heart attacks,” Dr He said.
Dr He recommends that parents check labels and choose low-salt food products. “Small reductions in the salt content of 10 to 20 percent cannot be detected by the human salt taste receptors (感受器) and do not cause any technological or safety problems,” Dr He said.
小题1:According to the passage, obesity is directly linked to ______.
A.high-salt foods
B.sugar-sweetened soft drinks
C.high blood pressure
D.strokes and heart attacks
小题2:Compared with previous studies, the recent one found that ______.
A.a lower-salt diet may mean less sugar-sweetened soft drink consumption
B.a low-salt diet keeps children out of high blood pressure
C.children face the risk of having strokes and heart attacks
D.low-salt food products do not do harm to people’s health
小题3:Which of the following statements would Dr He agree to?
A.The less salt people eat, the healthier people become.
B.Children should reduce fluid intake in their daily life.
C.No high-salt food products will be available in shops.
D.A low-salt diet may prevent both high blood pressure and obesity.
小题4:After reading the passage, who should take effective action?
A.Children.B.Parents.C.Doctors.D.Researchers.

答案

小题1:B
小题2:A
小题3:D
小题4:B
解析

小题1:从第二段中“It has been shown that sugar-sweetened soft drink consumption is related to obesity in young people.”和第四段最后一句可知,喝含糖饮料会导致热量摄入而引发肥胖,因此B项正确。
小题2:通过第四段可知,A项所述为新的研究发现。
小题3:第五段直接说出低盐的食物可以预防高血压;结合以上几段可知低盐食物可以让孩子少喝含糖的饮料,而含糖的饮料会导致发胖,因此D项正确。
小题4:根据最后一段中的第一句可知B项正确
举一反三
Health experts have long worried about the increasing rate of obesity in kids. It’s an important concern: Being weight or obese during childhood can lead to serious problems normally seen in adults, such as diabetes and high blood pressure. Poor diets and a lack of exercise are usually the causes. But would you ever have imagined there might be a connection between the bacteria that lived in your guts (内脏)when you were a baby and the chance that you would become overweight?
Scientists in Finland recently found just such a link. In a recent study, they showed that overweight kids had different species of bacteria living in their guts.
You probably think of bacteria only as germs that can make you sick. While it’s true that some bacteria can make people ill, your body actually depends on some types of bacteria to help you digest food and extract nutrients from it. These “good” bacteria live in your guts, where they process the food you eat.
Human babies get these bacterial helpers from their moms. When a baby is born, some of the bacteria in the mother move into the baby’s body. Growing babies get additional “good” bacteria from the milk their mothers produce. And it turns out the bacteria might play an important role in regulating weight just six years later.
So how could these bacteria affect weight? The researchers still haven’t tested that question, but future tests might lead to an answer.
小题1:The “link” in Paragraph 2 refers to the relationship between _______.
A.bacteria and the chance of being overweight
B.obesity and diabetes
C.diets and the chance of being overweight
D.bacteria and exercise
小题2:Which of the following is NOT the function of “good” bacteria?
A.Helping to digest food.
B.Helping to take nutrients from food.
C.Helping to regulate weight.
D.Making a person ill.
小题3:The purpose of writing this passage is to _______.
A.introduce the role of bacteria in children’s weight
B.analyze the influence of obesity on kids
C.give advice on how to lose weight quickly
D.explain the function of bacteria in foods

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Ways to Burn More Calories
Run through water
Running in water is one of the toughest activities you can perform because the wet stuff is about 12 to 15 times as resistant (具有阻力的) as air. Try your hardest to run and you can burn about 17 calories per minute.
Start fast
Don’t be fooled — slow and steady won’t win the race. A recent study found that after a short warm-up, cyclists who rode hard during the first half of their workouts and then slowed for the second half burned about 10 percent more calories than those who started slow and finished fast.
Take to the sand
Here is some easy-to-remember advice on burning calories: the softer the surface, the more you burn. By walking or running on the beach, you can use up 20 to 50 percent more calories than you do going at the same pace on a hard trail.
Shut up and dance
Here’s the perfect excuse to sign up for that hip-hop dance class you’ve been eager to try. Surprising your body with new activities — dance, a new sport, you name it — forces it to work harder because it’s doing unfamiliar movements and using muscle groups in different ways.
Use your arms
Getting both your upper and lower body involved can provide a big calorie-burning advantage. So if you’re short of time or want to get everything you can out of your usual 45-minute workout, try total-body activities such as rowing ormming. You can evenng your arms as hard as you can while you walk.
小题1: How can water help you burn more calories?
A.By pushing your body.
B.By wetting your clothes and shoes.
C.By forcing you to run faster.
D.By forcing your body to work harder.
小题2:What does “it” in Part 4 refer to?
A.Dance. B.Movement. C.Body. D.Muscle.
小题3:Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A.One can burn more calories when walking on the sand than on land.
B.One can burn more calories when walking on stones than on earth.
C.One can burn more calories when running in water than on the sand.
D.One can burn more calories when exercising using the upper body than using the lower body.

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DIABETES? Is your CHOLESTEROL number up?
Life shouldn’t be a game of chance. But if you have dia­betes (胆固醇) and raise cholesterol(糖尿病), you have an increased chance of heart disease or stroke. So it’s really im­portant that you find out your cholesterol number (the level of cholesterol in your blood) — especially since your cholesterol level is controllable, just like your diabetes. Your doctor is the best person to talk to about this.  
So don’t play a game of chance with your health, call for a FREE copy of our ChoLESterol booklet. It contains useful in­formation and may help you talk to your doctor.
Call 0800 068 0439 today. Call any time for a FREE booklet.
You can also write to ChoLESterol, Dept 9,FREEPOST NEA 10820,Rotherham S639BR,or visit our website: www. lesscholesterol. co. uk where you can download or request your booklet.
10. Who will be interested in this passage?
A. Doctors who treat diabetes.      B. People who like free books.
C. Patients with heart disease.       D. People who suffer diabetes and raise cholesterol.
11. What information will the booklet provide for its readers?
A. When to see a doctor. B. How to cure your diabetes.
C. How to know the level of your cholesterol.     D. How to get the free book.
12. The word ChoLESterol in the passage probably means
A. keeping cholesterol steady B. making cholesterol fall down
C. the level of cholesterol         D. curing your diabetes
13. The purpose of this advertisement is ________.
A. to help doctors get more patients  B. to help people with higher level of cholesterol
C. to obtain benefit from the booklet  D. to make the organization well known
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Why do men die earlier than women? The latest research makes it known that the reason could be that men’s hearts go into rapid decline when they reach middle age.
The largest study of the effects of ageing on the heart has found that women’s longevity may be linked to the fact that their hearts do not lose their pumping power with age.
“We have found that the power of the male heart falls by 20-25 percent between 18 and 70 years of age,” said the head of the study, David Goldspink of Liverpool John Moores University in the UK.
“Within the heart there are millions of cells that enable it to beat. Between the age of 20 and 70, one-third of those cells die and are not replaced in men,” said Goldspink. “This is part of the ageing process.”
What surprises scientists is that the female heart sees very little loss of these cells. A healthy 70-year-old woman’s heart could perform almost as well as a 20-year-old one’s.
“This gender difference might just explain why women live longer than men,” said Goldspink. They studied more than 250 healthy men and women between the ages of 18 and 80, focusing on healthy persons to remove the confusing influence of disease. “The team has yet to find why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart,” said Goldspink.
The good news is that men can improve the health of their heart with regular exercise. Goldspink stressed that women also need regular exercise to prevent their leg muscles becoming smaller and weaker as they age.
小题1:The underlined word “longevity” in the second paragraph probably refers to “________”.
A.healthB.long lifeC.ageingD.effect
小题2:The text mainly talks about ________.
A.men’s heart cells
B.women’s ageing process、
C.the gender difference
D.hearts and long life
小题3:According to the text, the UK scientists have known that ________.
A.women have more cells than men when they are born
B.women can replace the cells that enable the heart to beat
C.the female heart loses few of the cells with age
D.women never lose their pumping power with age
小题4: If you want to live longer, you should ________.
A.enable your heart to beat much faster
B.find out the reason for ageing
C.exercise regularly to keep your heart healthy
D.prevent your cells from being lost
小题5:We can know from the passage that ________.
A.the reason why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart has been found out
B.scientists are on the way to finding out why the male heart loses more of the cells
C.the team has done something to prevent the male from suffering the greater loss
D.women over 70 could lose more heart cells than those at the age of 20

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小题1:The passage is aimed to ____________.
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C.persuading fat people to buy Wu-Long tea.
D.informing people that Wu-Long tea is on sale.
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