Why do men die earlier than women? The latest research makes it known that the r
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Why do men die earlier than women? The latest research makes it known that the reason could be that men’s hearts go into rapid decline when they reach middle age.
The largest study of the effects of ageing on the heart has found that women’s longevity may be linked to the fact that their hearts do not lose their pumping power with age.
“We have found that the power of the male heart falls by 20-25 percent between 18 and 70 years of age,” said the head of the study, David Goldspink of Liverpool John Moores University in the UK.
“Within the heart there are millions of cells that enable it to beat. Between the age of 20 and 70, one-third of those cells die and are not replaced in men,” said Goldspink. “This is part of the ageing process.”
What surprises scientists is that the female heart sees very little loss of these cells. A healthy 70-year-old woman’s heart could perform almost as well as a 20-year-old one’s.
“This gender difference might just explain why women live longer than men,” said Goldspink. They studied more than 250 healthy men and women between the ages of 18 and 80, focusing on healthy persons to remove the confusing influence of disease. “The team has yet to find why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart,” said Goldspink.
The good news is that men can improve the health of their heart with regular exercise. Goldspink stressed that women also need regular exercise to prevent their leg muscles becoming smaller and weaker as they age.
小题1:The underlined word “longevity” in the second paragraph probably refers to “________”.| A．health | B．long life | C．ageing | D．effect |
小题2:The text mainly talks about ________.| A．men’s heart cells | | B．women’s ageing process、 | | C．the gender difference | | D．hearts and long life |
小题3:According to the text, the UK scientists have known that ________.| A．women have more cells than men when they are born | | B．women can replace the cells that enable the heart to beat | | C．the female heart loses few of the cells with age | | D．women never lose their pumping power with age |
小题4: If you want to live longer, you should ________.| A．enable your heart to beat much faster | | B．find out the reason for ageing | | C．exercise regularly to keep your heart healthy | | D．prevent your cells from being lost |
小题5:We can know from the passage that ________.| A．the reason why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart has been found out | | B．scientists are on the way to finding out why the male heart loses more of the cells | | C．the team has done something to prevent the male from suffering the greater loss | | D．women over 70 could lose more heart cells than those at the age of 20 |
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:D
小题3:C
小题4:C
小题5:B |
解析
小题1:词义猜测题。根据文章第 1 段的第 1 句 Why do men die earlier than women 及全文内容可猜出，本题的正确答案选 B。
小题2:主旨大意题。根据文章第 1 段的第 2 句…the reason could be that men’s hearts go into rapid decline when they reach middle age 和第 2 段中的 women’s longevity may be linked to the fact that their hearts do not lose their pumping power with age 及全文内容可知，本题的正确答案选 D。
【小题3事实细节题。根据文章第 5 段的第 1 句 What surprises scientists is that the female heart sees very little loss of these cells 可知，本题的正确答案选 C。
小题4:推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的第 1 句 The good news is that men can improve the health of their heart with regular exercise 及文章主题可知，本题的正确答案选 C。
小题5:推理判断题。根据文章倒数第 2 段中的 The team has yet to find why ageing takes a greater loss on the male heart 可推知，本题的正确答案选B。 |
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The following are four forms about medicine. How to use the medicine is very important. Never take any by mistake.
1）Take the medicine with water, followed by one tablet every eight hours, as required. For further night - time and early morning, take two tablets at bedtime. Do not take more than six tablets in 24 hours. For Children six to twelve years old, go to your doctor for advice. Reduce dosage if nervousness, restlessness or sleeplessness takes place.
2）Each pill of the medicine taken three times every day for fourteen years old. As usual, a pill 6∶00 a. m., before breakfast, one before 11∶00 and one before sleep. Not for children under six years old and old persons with heart attack.
3）The medicine for a person with a fever. Once two pills a day before sleep for adult. Not take the medicine without fever. Half for Children under 12 years old. Children with a high fever, go to see a doctor.
4）The medicine taken three times a day, once five pills for adult with a cold. Half of the pills for children 10 years old. Take the medicine before breakfast, lunch, supper or before sleep.
小题1:Obviously a kind of medicine can’t be proper for ________, judging from the information.| A．children over twelve years old | B．some old persons with a fever | | C．some old persons with heart attack | D．neither adults nor heart attack |
小题2:When a person has a cold, he had better ________ .| A．have about more than fourteen pills a day | B．have twice a day | | C．have four times a day | D．have nine pills a day |
小题3:How many kinds of medicine are used for the children six years old?| A．All of them． | B．Three kinds of medicine. | | C．Two kinds of medicine. | D．Almost not any medicine. |
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Several years ago, a well- known writer and editor Norman Cousins became very ill. His body ached and he felt constantly tired. It was difficult for him to even 1 around. His doctors told him that he would lose the ability to move and eventually 2 from the disease. He was told he had only a 1 in 60 3 of survival.
4 the diagnosis( 诊断) , Cousins was determined to overcome the disease and survive. He had always been interested in 5 and had read a book, which discussed the idea of how body chemistry and health can be damaged by emotional stress and negative( 消极的) 6 . The book made Cousins think about the possible 7 _ of positive attitudes and emotions. He thought, “Is it possible that love, hope, faith, laughter, confidence, and the will to live have positive treatment value?”
He decided to focused all his 8 on positive emotions as a way to treat some of the symptoms of his disease. In addition to his traditional medical treatment, he tried to put himself in situations that would bring about positive emotions. “Laugh therapy” became part of his treatment. He 9 time each day for watching comedy films, reading humorous books, and doing other activities that would draw out positive emotions. Within eight days of starting his “Laugh therapy” program his pain began to 10 and he was able to sleep more easily. He was able to return to work in a few months’ time and actually achieved complete recovery after a few years.
小题1:1.| A．run | B．pass | C．move | D．travel |
| 小题2: | | A．suffer | B．die | C．separate | D．recover |
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| 小题3: | | A．time | B．value | C．chance | D．opportunity |
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| 小题4: | | A．A part from | B．In spite of | C．Instead of | D．Rather than |
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| 小题5: | | A．medicine | B．sports | C．books | D．chemistry |
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| 小题6: | | A．attitude | B．beliefs | C．goals | D．positions |
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| 小题7: | | A．shortcomings | B．harm | C．benefits | D．interests |
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| 小题8: | | A．money | B．time | C．hobbies | D．attention |
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| 小题9: | | A．afforded | B．appointed | C．offered | D．arranged |
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| 小题10: | | A．escape | B．decrease | C．increase | D．end |
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Many cancer patients are finding new hope in an unusual approach to cancer treatment. The common method has been developed by Carl Simonton, a specialist in the science of tumors. 1 can sometimes be "truly amazing," he says, when a cancer 2 lets his mind take part in the treatment.
Simonton remembers that his first patient might have been thought to be a " 3 ” case by some. "He was a sixty-one-year-old man with very severe throat cancer. He had lost a great deal of weight. He could 4 swallow his own saliva and could eat no food.
"I taught him to 5 and mentally see his disease," Simonton says. "Then I had him 6 an army of white blood cells coming, attacking and 7 the cancer cells. The results of the treatment were both exciting and frightening. Within two weeks his cancer had noticeably become smaller and he was quickly gaining weight. I say it was " 8 " because I had never seen such a change. I wasn"t sure what was going on. I also didn"t know what I would do if things went wrong. But 9 didn"t go wrong.
"We may believe that we have the power in our own bodies to fight cancer as well as the power to 10 the disease in the first place. With those patients who are willing to stay with us and try, we always find that the cancer has filled some emotional need."
小题1:1.| A．Results | B．Researches | C．Records | D．Replies |
| 小题2: | | A．specialist | B．author | C．patient | D．agent |
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| 小题3: | | A．hopeful | B．hopeless | C．valuable | D．worthless |
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| 小题4: | | A．easily | B．mostly | C．carefully | D．barely |
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| 小题5: | | A．worry | B．be nervous | C．relax | D．get angry |
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| 小题6: | | A．suppose | B．observe | C．pretend | D．picture |
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| 小题7: | | A．overcoming | B．managing | C．treating | D．threatening |
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| 小题8: | | A．frightening | B．interesting | C．amusing | D．relaxing |
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| 小题10: | | A．carry | B．take | C．produce | D．find |
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There are two kinds of physical activity which require special training. The first demands exact careful movements of the muscles. This kind of activity must be strictly controlled because even a slight movement in the wrong direction will lead a mistake. To type quickly, for example, a person needs training; the slightest movement of a finger in the wrong direction may cause a spelling mistake. A dancer who has to dance on the point of her shoes or turn around on one foot must be trained for a long period of time before she can sense her own center and balance herself. You may have seen a girl walking on a rope across an empty space, which, too, requires a lot of practice.
The second kind of physical activity needs greater strength or extra effort. Most of us get tired if we try to run half a mile without stopping, but a specially-trained person can do this without much effort. Three years ago, some scientists carried out experiments, which produced meaningful and unexpected results. They wanted to find out whether a certain amount of physical exercise would injure those suffering from heart problems. They selected some male patients and trained them in continuous bicycle riding. They were surprised to find that the harmful effect of given amount of physical effort was actually less on the hearts of these trained patients than on those of the patients who were not similarly trained. This is important because it shows that regular physical exercise enables us to make better use of the oxygen we breathe in and that this training, in fact, reduces the amount of work our hearts do. Many tasks which are hard for untrained people are not hard at all for trained people.
小题1:The first kind of physical activity must be strictly controlled because _________.| A．a mistake in the wrong direction is dangerous to the fingers | | B．a wrong movement in a direction will cause no mistakes | | C．a movement in the wrong direction will cause a mistake | | D．a slight movement of a finger will lead to a mistake |
小题2:What must a dancer do before she can balance herself?| A．She must dance on the point of her shoes. | | B．She must receive long-time training. | | C．She must turn around on one foot. | | D．She must perform again and again. |
小题3:The experiments done by some scientists showed that ________.| A．some male patients were asked to ride bicycles regularly in the experiments | | B．the physical exercise had more harmful effect on the hearts of the untrained patients | | C．the physical exercise was harmless to the male patients with heart trouble | | D．the physical exercise could be helpful for the patients to take in more oxygen |
小题4:What would be the best title for this text?| A．Training Our Bodies | B．Physical Activities | | C．Movement Training | D．Extra Body Effort |
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