阅读理解 Cancer is feared by everyone. And there is more and more fear about can

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阅读理解     Cancer is feared by everyone. And there is more and more fear about cancer. Not the disease
itself -there is no such thing as a high incidence rates (发生率)of cancer . Except for lung cancer,
mostly caused by cigarette smoking ,the incidence rates are not on the rise. However, some kinds
of cancer are decreasing.   But the fear of cancer is catching, and the country stands at risk of an
anxiety. The earth itself is coming to seem like a huge carcinogen(致癌物). The ordinary, more or
less, scientific statement that something between 80 and 90 percent of all cancers are due to things
in the environment is taken to mean that none of us will be safe until the whole environment is
"cleaned up." This is not at all the meaning.
     The 80-percent calculation is based on the unthinkable differences in the incidence of cancer
in various societies around the world - for example, the high incidence of liver cancer in Africa and
the Far East, stomach cancer in Japan, breast cancer in Western Europe and North America, and
the relatively low figures for breast cancer in Japan and parts of Africa and for liver cancer in America.
These data shows there may be specific environmental influences, but largely based on personal
life-style, which determines the incidence of various forms of cancer in different communities - that is
all the data suggests. The overall incidence of cancer, counting up all the cases, is probable roughly
the same everywhere.

1. According to the passage, the incidence of cancer is generally believed _____.

A. to be based on inactive life style
B. to be due to anxiety
C. to result from environmental influences
D. to be caused by heavy smoking

2. It can be inferred from the passage that the writer"s opinion about the relationship  between
    cancer and environment is_____.

A. positive
B. negative
C. neutral
D. approving

3. According to the passage, the writer seems to feel that_____.

A. cancer risk is on the rise
B. the whole earth resembles a huge carcinogen
C. the risk of catching cancer is not so great as most people think
D. cancer can be cured sooner or later

4. Which of the following would be the best TITLE for the passage?

A. Cancer and Environment
B. The Fear Caused by Cancers
C. Data on Cancer Incidence
D. Cancer and its Investigation

答案

1-4: C B C A

举一反三

阅读理解     Cut out part of a healthy person"s liver and transplant it into a sick person--it sounds like a
complicated and dangerous operation , not to mention very expensive. But it is sometimes the
only possible cure for a seriously ill patient with liver disease.
     Until now British scientists have just announced a new stem cell technique, which allows them
to grow healthy liver cells outside human bodies. According to the researchers, it could be another
five to 10 years before the technique can actually be used to help patients with liver disease.
However, they say the method might one day replace liver transplants altogether. The study was
led by the University of Cambridge and the Welcome Trust Sanger Institute, a British genomics
and genetics research institute. It was published in the journal nature on October 12,2011.
     The researchers took skin cells from a patient with a mutation (变异) in a gene called
alphal-antitrypsin (a-l抗胰蛋白酶). This gene makes a protein that protects our bodies against
inflammation (炎症). People with changed or damaged alphal-antitrypsin are not able to release
the protein correctly from the liver, so the protein is trapped there and eventually leads to liver
cirrhosis (肝硬化).
     Scientists then used an advanced technique to cut away the faulty section of DNA from a stem
cell and replace it with a corrected one, according to the journal. The stem cells went on to produce
fresh and healthy liver cells with normal protein levels. Scientists put the new liver cells into mice
and found that they worked very well.
     Stem cells are the life source of all other cells in the body. They could transform medicine,
providing treatment for blindness, spinal cord injuries and other serous injuries. They could also be
used to produce new cells for damaged organs.
     David Lomas, a Cambridge biology professor who worked on the team, said: "If we can use a
patient"s own skins cells to produce liver cells that we can put back into the patient, we may prevent
the future need for transplantation. "

1. what is the best title of this passage?

A. How to transplant liver for patients
B. A new way to transplant livers for patients
C. The difficulty in curing liver patients
D. New life for liver patients

2. The first paragraph is written to _______.

A. show how difficult it is to cure liver disease
B. tell us what a liver transplant involves
C. introduce a potential cure for liver disease
D. show how serious liver disease can be

3.Why do some people get liver cirrhosis according to the article?

A. Because their bodies are lacking in alphal-antitrypsin.
B. Because their skin cells are not able to protect against inflammation.
C. Because the alphal-antitrypsin in their bodies is changed or damaged.
D. Because their liver releases too high a level of protein.

4. According to British scientists, liver transplant might ___________.

A. become history sooner or later
B. be replaced by a new stem cell technique in five years
C. be the only possible cure liver disease in the future
D. be prevented in the future

5. What can be inferred from the passage?

A. Stem cells can keep liver cells healthy and fresh.
B. Equaling medicine, stem cells can cure blindness, spinal cord injuries and other serous injuries
C. Stem cells can replace the damaged organs.
D. All other cells in the body can"t work well without stem cells

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     There is nothing else but economy that occupies the minds of Americans at present times of economic
crisis (经济危机). The statistics on unemployment, housing costs and consumer confidence keep coming
and coming, leaving people not just scared to spend money but also very stressed and emotionally
exhausted.This stress (压力) has an effect on everything, starting with our sleep, moods, physical health,
relationships and eating habits.
     "Time of economic stress leads to increase rates of depression (忧郁)," says Dr Christopher Palmer,
director of continuing education at McLean Hospital in Belmont, Massachusetts. "It worsens illness in
people who have been constantly depressed. But it also causes new cases of depression. Just the fear of
losing one"s job can put people over the edge."
     And, without any doubt, just depression alone can create a variety of bad health effects.
     ● Sleep
     33 percent of Americans reported that they have lost sleep due to the economic crisis.
     26 percent say they are sleeping less than 6 hours per night, which is considered to be at least one
hour less than the most favorable 7 to 8 hours recommended by sleep experts.
     ● Mental health, stress and heart attack
     80 percent of Americans reported that last year the economy is a huge source of stress; 49 percent
said the situation make them feel nervous or anxious; 48 percent reported that they feel very sad and have developed depression.
     Nearly twice the risk of heart attack or death was found in patients with the highest levels of depression or anxiety. Among those individuals, a 10 percent higher rise of heart attack or death was found in those
whose anxiety rose over time.
     ● Relationships
     The chances of violent (暴力的) behavior are nearly 6 times higher for individuals who are left without a job.
     Workplace stress can lead to domestic violence.1. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Now Americans don"t dare to spend money.
B. Now all Americans have problems in sleeping.
C. Economy is the most troubling problem for Americans now.
D. Economic crisis has destroyed many American families.2. How does the economic crisis affect most Americans according to the passage?A. They sleep less than six hours.
B. They sleep less than the proper amount.
C. Diseases caused by economy make them sleepless.
D. They lose sleep at night.3. If a person is out of work, he might________.A. become more violent
B. get divorced (离婚)
C. get rid of workplace stress
D. go mad4. The best title of this passage is probably "________". A. The World Economic Crisis is Getting Worse
B. Economic Crisis Affects Americans" Health
C. Economic Crisis Causes Trouble to Sleep
D. Ordinary People Suffer Greatly in Economic Crisis

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阅读理解     Everyone is seeking happiness,but there is no specific definition about what happiness is,because for
different people,happiness means different things.State of happiness comes when you feel great joy and
satisfaction in life.The unity of soul and mind is very important for getting happiness,because mind creates a
comfortable environment for the soul.And mind has the power to control human actions and feelings.
     The essence of happiness lies in the fact that you do what brings you pleasure.It"s very simple.A person
has a builtin system,an analogue (模拟的)GPS (Global Positioning System)．GPS is a piece of equipment
that is most often put in cars,and shows the route from its present location to the destination.Here"s how it
works.You get in your car,choose a destination,and specify an exact address.GPS immediately determines
the best route and the arrow shows the direction of the route.If you follow the instructions of GPS all the
time,you will arrive at your destination.If you do not follow the instructions,it will say "change the route"．
     So here"s your "GPS"；it is your emotional system.When you feel joy,you"re going the right way to a
happy life.When you feel sad and depressed,you"re going in the wrong direction.Your "GPS" says:"Change
the route."Some people are so used to this "change the route" that they in general no longer hear the
"GPS"．Change the route-it"s your dissatisfaction,negative emotions and a sense of unhappiness.
     Listen to your GPS.If the way is chosen incorrectly,your "GPS" would tell you to "change the route"．
To gain your happiness,do follow your "GPS"．1. It can be learned from the first paragraph that _____.A. one"s happiness is that he/she lives comfortably
B. one"s mind has nothing to do with one"s happiness
C. the author gave an exact definition about happiness
D. different people have different ideas about happiness2. In the author"s opinion,we can gain happiness by _____.A. putting GPS in the car
B. listening to the advice from others
C. doing what can make us feel pleased
D. trying our best to keep our mind peaceful3. What is the function of GPS?A. It can judge whether a person is happy.
B. It can show the user the best route to follow.
C. It can help a driver avoid traffic accidents.
D. It can make the user get to the destination immediately4. People mentioned in Paragraph 3 who are used to "change the route" _____.A. don"t have a happy life
B. don"t know how to use GPS
C. don"t have a builtin system
D. follow the instructions of GPS5. What"s the structure of the passage?A. ①－②－③④
B. ①②－③④
C. ①－②③－④
D. ①②－③－④6: 用30词左右概括文章大意
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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完形填空     Hic! You"ve just hiccupped (打嗝) for the tenth time since you finished dinner.Wonder 1.________
these funny noises are coming from? The part 2.________(blame) is your diaphragm,the muscle (肌肉) at
the bottom of your chest.All hiccups start here.
     The diaphragm almost always 3.________(work) perfectly-it pulls down when you breathe in to help
pull air into the lungs 4.________it moves up when you breathe out to help push air out of the lungs.But so
metimes the diaphragm becomes upset,and when 5.________happens,it pushes up in an irregular way,ma
king your breath come out differently 6.________how it normally does.When this irregular breath hits your
voice box,you"re left with a big hiccup.Things 7.________bother the diaphragm include eating too quickly
or too much,stomachaches or feeling nervous.
     If you want to know 8.________ to get rid of hiccups,here are some "cures".9.________ (breathe)
into a paper bag is one method some people use.Others think taking a mouthful of water is the way to
become hiccupfree.Sugar under your tongue might also drive away the hiccups.And maybe the most
famous 10.________ (treat),having someone scare you,also helps beat the hiccups.

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     Have you ever felt sick or had a headache during a test? Have you ever been so worried about
something that you can"t sleep at night?    1   This worry in your mind can made your body feel bad. You
may feel angry, frustrated, scared, or afraid—which can give you a stomachache or a headache.
         2   Good or normal stress might happen when you"re called to answer a question in class or when
you have to give a speech. This kind of stress that can help you to get things better done.    3
     But bad stress can happen if the stressful feelings keep going over a long time.  You may not feel well
if your parents are fighting, if a family member is sick, if you"re having problems at school, or if you"re
going through anything else that makes you upset every day.     4
         5   That means making good decisions about how to spend your time. If you"re only dealing with
school stuff and have no time to play, you can get stressed. Make sure you keep yourself in mind: Sleep,
Exercise , Leisure(休闲),and Food. If you take care of yourself and get enough sleep and food, and if
you exercise and leave time for fun stuff, you"ll probably be less stressed out!

A. However, there are two different kinds of stress.
B. Can you tell a kind of stress from another one?
C. The best way to keep stress away is to have a balanced life.
D. That kind of stress isn"t going to help you, and it can actually make you sick.
E. Since bad stress is harmful for us, you"d better try to change it into good stress.
F. If so, then you know what stress is. Stress is what you feel when you are worried or uncomfortable
about something.
G. For example, you may do a better job on your test if the stress pushes you to prepare well before the
test.

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