阅读理解 Weighing too much can damage your health, and obesity is a growing prob

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阅读理解     Weighing too much can damage your health, and obesity is a growing problem for both kids and
adults around the world.
      Sleep might be one answer to the problem.A new study has found that elementary school students
who slept too little were more likely to gain pounds.In the United States today, some 9 million children
over the age of 6 are obese (too fat).
     Past studies have shown a link between sleeping less and weighing more, but scientists have had a
tough time determining"which_came_first, the_chicken_or_the_egg", says Julie C. Lumeng of the
University of   Michigan in Ann Arbor.In other words, it hasn"t been clear whether kids who weigh too
much have trouble sleeping, or whether sleeping less leads to weight gain.Both scenarios (情况) seemed
equally possible.
     To get a better idea of which causes which, Lumeng and his colleagues interviewed the parents of
785 third graders from around the United States.The parents answered questions about how well their
kids slept that year.Three years later, the parents answered the same questions.By sixth grade,18
percent of kids involved in the study were obese.The scientists found no relationship between weight
and the students"race or gender.It also didn"t matter how strict their parents were.Obesity struck all of
these groups equally.
     Instead, sleep seemed to be the key factor.Over the 3 years of the study, the children averaged a
healthy 9.5 hours of sleep a night.Some kids, however, slept a lot more-or less-than others.For the sixth
graders, every hour of sleep above the 9.5hour average was linked to a 20 percent lower risk of being
obese.Sleep appeared doubly important for the third graders.Every extra hour of sleep they got was
linked to a 40 percent drop in obesity by third grade.
     "I expected we"d find that this (sleep link with obesity) was just a_bunch_of_bunk, " says Lumeng,
a pediatrician.But their findings were convincing.No matter how her team looked at the link, "we
couldn"t make it go away."

1. According to the research, ________.

A. 9 million people in America have a weight problem
B. not enough sleep contributes to a gain in weight
C. sixth graders need more sleep than third graders
D. lack of sleep has become the most deadly killer

2. The statement "which came first, the chicken or the egg" suggests that________.

A. scientists are sure about the causes of children"s obesity
B. it"s easy to decide the cause and effect of this problem
C. scientists are still confused about the cause and effect of the problem
D. you"ll develop obesity if you eat chicken and eggs

3. Recent studies show that a child"s weight is influenced by the________.

A. amount of sleep
B. parents"attitude to him
C. race or gender
D. performance in school

4. The underlined part in the last paragraph most probably means something________.
A. acceptable
B. understandable
C. reliable
D. unreasonable

答案

1-4: B C A D

举一反三

阅读理解     In Yemen, you always see one type of vehicle on the road:the water truck.They travel mountain roads
and cross deserts to bring Yemenis the goods more valuable than oil.It is one that only the rich can afford, with the supply regularly  being cut off.Others must rely on scarce rain or charity to  fight thirst.
     Experts say Yemen is going to be the first country in the world to run out of water.The capital, Sanaa, will run out of drinking water as early as 2025, says a report by the World Bank.
     Hannan, an 18yearold from Lahej, said that only the rich could prepare for cuts in supply."In a good
week we"ll have a water supply all week but then the following week there will be water only for a day or
two, " she said.
     She and her husband, a factory worker, pay 3,000 riyals (99 yuan) for a week"s supply of water
from a touring water  truck when the taps run dry.With an income of only 20,000 riyals (660 yuan) a
month, this means the family often spend half their money on water.
     "There are a lot of people who can"t afford it and they have to rely on their neighbors to help, " she
said.
     The average person in Yemen survives on onefifth of what the World Health Organization considers
to be enough water.
     In Taiz, in the south, tap water is available only once every 45 days.In the mountainous Malhan district
in the north, women and children climb a 1,500m mountain to collect water from a spring, often in the
small hours to avoid long queues.
     Yemen is located in Southwest Asia, bordering the Arabian and Red Sea.Yemeni people have lived
on scarce water supplies for thousands of years but that problem has been made serious by conflict in the
area, the fastgrowing population and the use of water to grow a drug called qat.With one of the world"s
highest rates of population growth-3.46 percent, Yemen is the poorest Arab country.
     The government is considering desalinating (淡化) seawater, but this would be expensive and it may
now be too late.The only other solution is to cut down on farming, but that means importing even more
food.

1. The passage aims to________.

A. analyze the reasons why Yemen lacks water
B. suggest some solutions to the water issue in Yemen
C. present how serious the water problem is in Yemen
D. encourage the world to help Yemenis who are suffering from water shortages

2. When Hannan said that only the rich could prepare for cuts in supply, she meant that________.

A. rich people drank more water than the poor
B. rich people could buy water from the water trucks if there was a water supply cut
C. she had a rich neighbor who often helped her during water supply cuts
D. the rich were not affected by water supply cuts

3. Which of the following may be a reason why Yemen is short of water?

A. The country has had no rain for a long time.
B. The population of Yemen is growing fast.
C. The government has failed to reduce farming.
D. People can"t afford the water from government water trucks.

4. The best title for the passage is "________".

A. Never take water for granted
B. The water truck-the commonest sight in Yemen
C. The first country to run out of water in the world
D. No water for Yemen

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阅读理解     When we Americans shop at the grocery stores today,we don"t seem to be surprised at the sight of
strawberries in the winter or perfect tomatoes from Holland.In the space of a generation,we"ve become
accustomed to eating food that"s never grown roots in local soil.In fact,most produce (农产品) grown
in the United States travels an average of 1,500 miles before it gets sold.
     Trucking,shipping and flying food from around the country and the globe has a very bad effect on the
environment and on public health.Take grapes for example.Every year,nearly 270 million pounds of
grapes arrive in California,most of them shipped from Chile to the Port of Los Angeles.Their 5,900mile
journey in cargo ships and trucks gives off 7,000 tons of global warming pollution each year,and enough
air pollution to cause dozens of asthma (哮喘) attacks and hundreds of missed school days in California.
     The way we eat has a great influence on the health of the planet.By choosing to eat lower on the food
chain,and focusing on local and organic (有机的) produce,we can reduce global warming and air
pollution,avoid poisonous chemicals,support local farmers and enjoy fresh and tasty food.
     People are rediscovering the benefits of buying local food.How your food is grown,stored,
transported,processed and cooked can all influence how it affects climate and the environment.
Transportationrelated influences are particularly important for imported food.NRDC calculated the
transportation influences of importing fresh produce and wine widely consumed in California.They
directly compared the climate and air quality influenced by importing the food instead of growing and
consuming it in California.Their analysis shows that-all else being equal-locally grown food is a better
choice.

1. From the passage we can learn that most produce sold at the grocery stores in the US________.

A. is grown by local farmers
B. is from foreign countries
C. comes from far away
D. is out of season

2. What would be the effect of transportation of food?

A. It pollutes the food during the transportation.
B. It makes the cost of the food much higher.
C. It makes the food less fresh and tasteless.
D. It causes air pollution and global warming.

3. Which of the following may have a bad effect on the health of the planet?

A. Eating higher on the food chain.
B. Eating locally grown food.
C. Eating more organic produce.
D. Eating fresh and tasty food.

4. The main purpose of the passage is________.

A. to help local farmers grow and sell their produce
B. to tell people that imported food is less healthy
C. to warn people of the harmfulness of food transportation
D. to get local people to reject the imported food

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短文填词
     It is reported that around three hundred million plastic
bags are used by Chinese residents each day.________is known
to us all,  our earth is crying________help because of
the serious white pollution.To our joy,  all the shopping places
will be________(禁止) from providing free plastic bags from
June 1st this year.I________agree more to this.
A________we have known the bad effects of plastic
bags on our environment,  yet we find it difficult to refuse
________-they are so convenient to us.Thanks to the
government, firm m________are to be taken to limit them.
I am sure that people will become used to g________
up the plastic bags.Only by________(改变) the way
we treat the earth can we________(形成)
a harmonious relationship with it.

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阅读理解    Living in a green area can make you live longer,according to research published today.The research also
shows  that the  difference in  life expectancy (预期寿命) between rich and poor becomes smalleramong
those who live in an environment with parks and trees.
    Richard Mitchell,from Glasgow University,and his colleagues, found that the gap between the number of
deaths of people on high incomes and the number of deaths of those on low incomes in green areas was
half that compared with figures relating to builtup areas.
    Green spaces, classified by the researchers as " open, undeveloped land with natural vegetation ",
encouraged people to walk and be more active.Exercise in these settings could have greater benefits than
exercise elsewhere,the researchers said.
    The benefits potentially go beyond exercise.Studies have shown that being around green spaces can
reduce blood pressure and stress levels,and possibly help patients recover faster.
    A number of researchers have looked at the effects of greenery on our wellbeing.But few studies had
looked at whether living in green areas reduced health inequalities,the Glasgow team said.
    Using information from a landuse database of 2001,the researchers divided the preretirement population
of England into four groups according to income level,and five groups according to access to green space.
They then looked at death rate for 2001～2005.
    They found that the inequality in death rate from all causes relating to lack of money was less in those
populations in the greenest areas compared with the figures for people living in more builtup places.They
found an even stronger relationship when it came to deaths from certain diseases such as heart conditions
and stroke (中风)．There was no difference,however,in deaths from lung cancer.
    The researchers said that changing the physical environment was an easier way to fight against poor
health than using media campaigns or giving out information on health."The result of the study is clear:
Environments that promote good health might be very important in the fight to reduce health inequalities."1．The underlined word "that" in Paragraph 2 refers to________.A．the gap
B．the number of deaths
C．the income
D．the living area2．What was the special point of the Glasgow team"s research?A．They offered a scientific definition of "green spaces"．
B．They encouraged people to exercise in green areas.
C．They studied the  effects of greenery  on people"s health.
D．They focused on the influence of greenery on health inequalities.3．What advice would the researchers probably give according to the last paragraph?A．More health information should be given to the public.
B．People should take more exercise every day.
C．More trees and grass should be planted in cities.
D．People should help to fight against health problems.4．What is the main idea of the passage?A．People should live in green areas.
B．Green spaces promote good health.
C．Income influences health less than environment.
D．Exercise in green areas benefits people a lot.

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阅读理解     Half an hour of exercise a day can add an extra five years on your life, a ground breaking research
has revealed.Health experts said that walking or cycling gently has massive longterm benefits.According
to the World Health Organization, research carried out in Britain and Denmark shows that gentle
workouts (锻炼) and even housework every day can boost life spans by as much as five years.
     The news will provide encouragement for those couch_potatoes to start taking exercise.Britain is in
the grip of an obesity epidemic (肥胖症), with just 35% of men and 24% of women taking regular
exercise.
     "Encouraging people to be physically active every day has so many health benefits, " said Dr.Marc
Danzon, WHO regional director for Europe."These include reducing the risk of developing certain
diseases and of becoming obese, as well as contributing to physical coordination, balance, strength and
mental wellbeing.It is a very costeffective public health tool."
     The organization is so concerned that the public is not getting the message on exercise that it will
launch a "Move for Health" campaign to boost public awareness.
     "The WHO encourages adults to take at least 30 minutes of moderate physical exercise a day,
defined as any body movement that results in energy expenditure (消耗), " said Dr  Danzon."This
includes walking, cycling, playing, housework, climbing stairs as well as sports." He added that children
should take at least 60 minutes of exercise every day.

1. The underlined phrase "couch potatoes" probably means______.

A. lazy bones who spend a lot of time sitting
B. people who like eating potatoes
C. persons who usually rest on a couch
D. players who take exercise with potatoes

2. Taking physical exercise every day benefits one"s health in the following aspects except________.

A. strengthening body coordination
B. developing certain diseases and becoming obese
C. keeping body balance
D. keeping fit mentally

3. Which statement is NOT true according to the passage?

A. Children should take more physical exercise than adults every day.
B. The WHO has tried to improve people"s knowledge about exercise by launching a campaign.
C. People with an obesity epidemic in Britain seldom take regular exercise.
D. Physical exercise brings the best possible profit to public health at the lowest cost.

4. Which of the following is probably the author"s attitude towards "trybeforeyoubuy" salesmanship?

A. Honorable.
B. Favorable.
C. Negative.
D. Suspicious.

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