阅读理解。 Dolphins and sharks are showing up in surprisingly shallow water just

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阅读理解。

     Dolphins and sharks are showing up in surprisingly shallow water just off the Florida coast. Mullets, crabs,
rays and small fish gather by the thousands off an Alabama pier. Birds covered in oil are crawling deep into
marshes (沼泽), never to be seen again.
     Marine scientists studying the effects of the BP disaster (英国石油公司漏油事件) are seeing some strange
phenomena. Fish and other wildlife seem to be fleeing the oil out in the Gulf and clustering in cleaner waters
along the coast in a trend that some researchers see as a potentially troubling sign. The animals" presence close
to shore means their usual habitat is badly polluted, and the crowding could result in mass die-offs as fish run
out of oxygen. Also, the animals could easily be captured by their enemies.
     The nearly two-month-old spill (漏油) has created an environmental disaster in US history as tens of millions
of gallons have flown into the Gulf of Mexico ecosystem. Scientists are seeing some unusual things as they try
to understand the effects on thousands of species of marine life.
     For nearly four hours Monday, a three-person crew with Greenpeace cruised past delicate islands and
mangrove-dotted inlets in Barataria Bay off southern Louisiana. They saw dolphins by the dozen frolicking (嬉
戏) in the oily sheen (光泽) and oil-tinged pelicans feeding their young. But they spotted no dead animals.
     "I think part of the reason why we"re not seeing more yet is that the impacts of this crisis are really just
beginning," Greenpeace marine biologist John Hocevar said.
     The counting of dead wildlife in the Gulf is more than an academic exercise; the deaths will help determine
how much BP pays in damages.

1. What does the marine life react to the BP disaster? A. Birds crawl deep into caves.
B. Dolphins and sharks show up in deep water.
C. Tens of thousands of marine animals are found dead.
D. Sea creatures flee from the spilled oil, gathering near the seashore. 2. Which of the following is NOT related to the potentially troubling sign? A. The usual habitat of deep-water animals is badly polluted.
B. Many animals could be easily eaten by their enemies.
C. Masses of fishes could die due to lack of oxygen.
D. Some dolphins are frolicking in marshes. 3. The environmental disaster was caused by ____.A. the damage of the Mexico Gulf ecosystem
B. the lack of environmental sense of BP
C. the nearly two-month-old oil spill
D. the crowding marine life 4. What is John Hocevar"s attitude towards the disaster? A. Worried.
B. Disappointed.
C. Depressed.
D. Optimistic. 5. From the passage, we can infer that ____. A. BP will pay much money according to the number of the dead wildlife there
B. marine scientists have seen some strange phenomena
C. the disaster has little influence on dolphins
D. a three-person crew reached no conclusion

答案

1-5: D D C A A

举一反三

阅读理解。     Thirty-six volunteers in South Africa will test the safety of an African-developed vaccine (疫苗) against
HIV. The tests are the first step in human clinical trials of two vaccine candidates developed at the University
of Cape Town.
     These experimental AIDS vaccines are the first from Africa to reach testing in people. The National
Institutes of Health in the United States provided assistance. Testing with twelve people began earlier this year
in Boston, Massachusetts.
     South Africa has more than five million people infected with HIV, the largest number of any country.
     South Africa launched the tests last week as the International AIDS Society held a conference in Cape
Town. Other human trials of possible vaccines are taking place around the world. Scientists hope to get some
results later this year.
     But during last week"s conference, experts reported the first decrease in international financing for AIDS
vaccine research. They said funding dropped from about 930 million dollars in 2007 to 870 million last year.
     Also at the conference, scientists presented the latest findings about new mothers infected with HIV. Two
studies showed ways in which anti-HIV drugs could permit infected women to breastfeed their new borns
with less risk of passing the virus to them. The research was done in Cameroon, Ivory Coast, South Africa
and Zambia.
     In one study, infected mothers began to take three anti-HIV drugs while breastfeeding for up to six months.
In a second study, the babies were given medicine, instead of their mothers. The babies received one drug
every day during six months of breastfeeding.
     The researchers said both methods greatly reduced the risk of HIV infection.
    Laura Guay is Vice President of research at the Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation, which
supported the research. Doctor Guay says the problem in sub-Saharan Africa is the limited availability of anti-
retroviral drugs.
     LAURA GUAY:"We know that only about 33 percent of women have access to a program that actually
has services in place to prevent mother-to-child transmission. So the first challenge is, how do we reach all
the women who do not have access to a prevention program?" 1. That South Africa is chosen as the first country in Africa to test the safety of an African-developed vaccine against HIV is probably because ____. A. it has the largest AIDS population
B. the vaccine has been developed in South Africa
C. the United Nations will offer it assistance
D. it has enough volunteers who are AIDS carriers 2. What does Paragraph 6 mainly talk about? A. Women infected AIDS should not breastfeed their newborns.
B. Newborns are easily got infected with HIV if their mothers got AIDS.
C. Anti-HIV drugs help mothers infected with AIDS avoid transmitting HIV to their babies.
D. Both the mother and the newborn can take the anti-HIV drugs. 3. What can we learn from this passage? A. The vaccine will not be used in clinical trial before it is proved to be safe.
B. South Africa was the first country which began the test of the vaccines.
C. Anti-HIV drugs have less effect on babies than on their mothers who are affected AIDS.
D. Only those women from rich families have access to anti-HIV drugs. 4. According to this passage, what is the problem that the vaccine research faced with? A. The decrease in international financing.
B. The lack of volunteers.
C. The difficulty in human clinical trials.
D. Too many AIDS patients.

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根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。      Many people think of guys as being carefree when it comes to their appearance. But in fact, a lot of guys
spend plenty of time in front of the mirror. They care just as much as girls do about their body image.
     Body image is a person"s opinions and feelings about his or her own body and physical appearance. 1.____
You appreciate your body for its capabilities and accept its imperfections.
     2.____ Here are some ideas:
     Recognize your strengths. Different body types are good for different things. What does your body do well?
Maybe your speed, strength, or coordination makes you better than others at a certain sport. That may be
basketball, table tennis, mountain biking, dancing, or even running. Or perhaps you have non-sports skills, like
drawing, painting, singing, playing a musical instrument, writing acting. 3.____.
     Exercise regularly. Exercise can help you look good and feel good about yourself. Good physiques (体形)
don"t just happen 4.____. A healthy habit can be as simple as exercising 20 minutes to 1 hour three days a week.
Working out can also lift your spirits.
     Respect your body! Practicing good habits-regular showering; taking care of your teeth, hair, and skin;
wearing clean clothes, and so on-can help you build a positive body image.
     5.____ You body is just one part of who you are. Your talent for comedy, a quick wit (智慧), and all the
other things make you unique. So try not to let small imperfections take over. A. Use this as an opportunity to discover what you"re good at.
B. Be yourself.
C. Having a positive body image means feeling satisfied with the way you look.
D. Just explore talents that you feel good about.
E. They take hard work, regular workouts, and a healthy diet.
F. The good news is that self-image and body image can be changed.
G. So, what can you do to develop a positive body image?

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阅读理解。     More than 2 million US teenagers have suffered a serious bout (发作) of depression in the past year,
according to a federal government survey released on Tuesday.
     On average, 8.5 percent of adolescents aged 12 to 17 described having had a major depressive episode
in the previous year, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration reported.
     But there were "striking differences" by sex, with 12.7 percent of girls and 4.6 percent of boys affected.
     Depression is the leading cause of suicide, which in turn is the third leading cause of death for 15 to 24
year olds in the United States.
     "Combined 2004 to 2006 data show that rates of past year major depressive experience among youths
aged 12 to 17 generally increased with increasing age," the researchers wrote.
     Researchers at SAMHSA and RTI International in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, prepared the
report using data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health.
     More than 67,700 youths aged 12 to 17 answered questions about mood and depression. They were also
asked to rate how depression affected them using the Sheehan Disability Scale, which measures impact on
family, friends, chores at home, work and school.
     Researchers defined a major depressive episode as two weeks or longer of depressed mood or loss of
interest or pleasure, and at least four other symptoms (症状) such as problems with sleep, energy,
concentration or self-image.
     Nearly half of the teenagers who had major depression said it severely damaged their ability to function in
at least one of the areas on the disability scale.
     "Fortunately, depression responds very well to early intervention and treatment," SAMHSA Administrator
Terry Cline said in a statement. 1. The underlined word"episode" in paragraph 2 has the similar meaning as the given word ____. A. feeling
B. expression
C. experience
D. experiment 2. The main reasons which lead to serious depressive symptoms include ____. A. low spirits, unhappiness, lack of sleep and poor concentration
B. poor health, sex discrimination, less energy and loss of interest
C. suicide, sadness,lack of confidence and depression
D. no family or friends or jobs or interests at all 3. What can be implied, but is not stated directly? A. There were more girl students suffering depression than boys.
B. There were over 2 million American teens suffering depression in the past two years.
C. The students surveyed were aged between 12 and 17.
D. Depression is the third leading cause of suicide. 4. What will the following paragraph probably talk about according to the passage? A. How to have a happy feeling.
B. How to live a comfortable life.
C. How to recover from stress.
D. How to prevent and treat depression.

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阅读理解。     The African elephant, the largest land animal remaining on earth, is of great importance to African ecosystem
(生态系统). Unlike other animals, the African elephant is to a great extent the builder of its environment. As a
big plant-eater, it largely shapes the- forest-and-savanna (大草原) surroundings in which it lives, therefore
setting the terms of existence for millions of other animals that live in its habitat.
     It is the elephant"s great desire for food that makes it a disturber of the environment and an important builder
of its habitat. In its continuous search for the 300 pounds of plants it must have every day, it kills small trees
and under-bushes, and pulls branches off big trees. This results in numerous open spaces in both deep tropical
forests and in the woodlands that cover part of the African savannas. In these open spaces are numerous plants
in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other plant-eaters.
     Take the rain forests for example. In their natural state, the spreading branches overhead shut out sunlight
and prevent the growth of plants on the forest floor. By pulling down trees and eating plants, elephants make
open spaces, allowing new plants to grow on the forest floor. In such situations, the forests become suitable
for large hoofed plant-eaters to move around and for small plant-eaters to get their food as well.
     What worries scientists now is that the African elephant has become an endangered species. If the elephant
disappears, scientists say, many other animals will also disappear from vast areas of forest and savanna, greatly
changing and worsening the whole ecosystem. 1. What is the passage mainly about? A. Disappearance of African elephants.
B. Forests and savannas as habitats for African elephants.
C. The effect of African elephants" search for food.
D. The eating habit of African elephants. 2. What does the underlined phrase "setting the terms" most probably mean? A. Fixing the time.
B. Worsening the state.
C. Improving the quality.
D. Deciding the conditions. 3. What do we know about the open spaces in the passage? A. They result from the destruction of rain forests.
B. They provide food mainly for African elephants.
C. They are home to many endangered animals.
D. They are attractive to plant-eating animals of different kinds.

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阅读理解。     During a state of deep relaxation, several physiological changes take place in the body: the body"s oxygen
consumption is reduced; the heart beat decreases; muscle tension and sweating ease, and there is decreased
sympathetic nervous system (交感神经系统) activity. This restful state not only allows the body to repair
and restore itself, but it has a calming effect on the consciousness.
    How to achieve this state of relaxation, however, is a matter of opinion, and in some medical circles, a
matter of controversy. A recent report by Dr. David Holmes of the University of Kansas in the journal
"American psychologist" said that simply sitting in an armchair has just as many beneficial characteristics for
the body as meditation (冥想) does. Researchers of other relaxation techniques disagree. These experts believe
that more structured techniques, such as meditation, lead to a condition of deep relaxation.
     The debate goes on, but one thing appears to be clear: the relaxation response can be reached by a number
of methods, and the methods themselves are not as important as getting there. One day, one method may work
best; on another day, an alternative method may be more appropriate. Once you are aware of all the methods,
you can find the one that works best on you.
     Some of the relaxation techniques are meditation, auto analysis and progressive muscle relaxation response.
More than just sitting quietly in a chair, they have the added benefit of structure and discipline, and for these
reasons appear to be more effective for most individuals. 1. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true when a person is in a state of deep
   relaxation? A. The body takes in less oxygen.
B. The heart beats less frequently.
C. Muscles become tense and the body sweats easily.
D. The consciousness becomes more or less calmed. 2. People seem to agree that _____.A. sitting in an armchair benefits a person as meditation does
B. structured relaxation techniques are more beneficial for a person
C. to achieve a state of deep relaxation is possible through various means
D. what people are all struggling for is a state of deep relaxation 3. In the third paragraph, the phrase "getting there" means _____. A. arriving at one"s destination
B. getting what one wants most
C. finding out a suitable relaxation technique
D. reaching a state of deep relaxation 4. The author"s attitude toward relaxation discussed in the passage is best described as _____. A. skeptical
B. objective
C. optimistic
D. critical

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