阅读理解。 Waste to Energy-JUST BURN IT - 高中英语试题 - 超级试练试题库

阅读理解。                                               Waste to Energy-JUST BURN IT!
     WHY BURN WASTE?
     Waste-to-energy plants generate (产生) enough electricity to supply 2.4 million households in the US. But,
provrding electricity is not the major advantage of waste-to-energy plants. In fact, it costs more to generate
electrlcity at a waste-to-energy plant than it does at a coal, nuclear, or hydropower plant.
     The maior advantage of burning waste is that it considerably reduces the amount of trash going to landfills.
The average American produces more than l,600 pounds of waste a year. If all this waste were landfilled, it
would take more than two cubic yards of landfill space. That"s the volume of a box three feet long, three feet
wide, and six feet high. If that waste were burned, the ashes would fit into a box three feet long, three feet
wide, but only nine inches high!
     Some communities in the Northeast may be running out of land for new landfills. And, since most people
don"t want landfills in their backyards, it has become more difficult to obtain permits to build new landfms.
Taking the country as a whole, the United States has plenty of open space, of course, but it is expensive to
transport garbage a long distance to put it mto a landfill.
TO BURN OR NOT TO BURN?
     Some people are concerned that burning garbage may harm the environment. Like coal plants, waste-to-
energy plants produce air pollution when the fuel is bumed to produce steam or electricity. Burning garbage
releases the chemicals and substances found in the waste. Some chemicals can be a threat to people, the
environment, or both, if they are not properly controlled.
     Some critics of waste-to-energy plants are afraid that burning waste will hamper (妨碍, 阻碍) recycling
programs. If everyone sends their trash to a waste-to-energy plant, they say, there will be little motive to
recycle. Several states have considered or are cons idering banning waste-to-energy plants unless recycling
programs are in place. Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York City have delayed new waste-to-energy
plants, hoping to increase the level of recycling first.
     So, what"s the real story? Can recycling and burning waste coexist? At first glance, recycling and waste-
to-energy seem to be at odds (不一致), but they can actually complement (弥补) each other. That"s because
it makes good sense to recycle some materials, and better sense to burn others.
     Let"s look at aluminum, for example. Aluminum mineral is so expensive to mine that recycling aluminum
more than pays for itself. Burning it produces no energy. So clearly, aluminum is valuable to recycle and not
useful to burn.
     Paper, on the other hand, can either be burned or recycled-it all depends on the price the used paper will
bring. Plastics are another matter. Because plastics are made from petroleum and natural gas, they are excellent
sources of energy for waste-to-energy plants. This is especially true since plastics are not as easy to recycle
as steel, aluminum, or paper.
     Plastics almost always have to be hand sorted and making a product from recycled plastics may cost more
than making it from new materials.
     To burn or not to burn is not really the question. We should use both recycling and waste-to-energy as
alternatives to landfilling.                                                Waste to Energy-JUST BURN IT!

1. cost 2. reduce/prevent/stop 3. Difficulties 4. lack 5. transporting
6. Concerns/Worries 7. harmful/dangerous 8. burn 9. Conclusion 10. replace

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     As AH1N1 flu continues to spread, experts from the World
Health Organization are calling for everyone to practice smart flu
prevention techniques. Besides washing your hands and getting
enough sleep, here are the other 7 ways to keep your body strong
and your immune (免疫) system ready to fight infection.
Avoid Contact with Sick People
     Flu virus is spread when particles (微粒) blown into the air
through a cough or sneeze reach someone else"s nose. So if you"re
coughing or sneezing, cover your mouth and then wash your

阅读理解。

     The Canadians love the great outdoor-20% of the Canadians go camping each year-and consider the
natural phenomena of their country to be unequalled in the world. More than 90% of Canada remains
undeveloped, and the Canadians are quite content to keep it that way.
     With no lack of land, their cities tend to grow horizontally (水平地) rather than vertically (垂直地).
Just about every house in town has a large grassy lawn that requires mowing in summer and at least four
trees: two at the front and two at the back.
    In a country with that much natural space, it seems logical that one would want to look after it. Not all
the Canadians have seen the Rockies, but every single one of them wants them to be well cared for and not
buried by commercial development or tourist litter by the time they get there.
    To solve trash problems, several cities are using technology to transform household waste into soil-
enriching compost (堆肥). Edmonton has constructed North America"s biggest composter. Citizens place
recyclable materials into blue bags which are picked up and taken to a sorting and treatment facility. The
$100-million plant, which covers an area the size of four football fields, processes over 1 000 tons of refuse
a day, enabling Edmonton to reuse 70% of its residential waste. Everything from glass and milk cartons (纸
盒) to metals, plastic, even concrete and asphalt (天然沥青) from sidewalk repairs are recycled.
     Another leader in recycling is the coastal city of Halifax where the recycling program has made its way
into law, making it illegal to throw an apple core into a garbage can.

1. What makes the Canadians satisfied according to the passage?

[ ]

A. That most of their country remains wilderness.
B. That there is little grassy land and few trees.
C. That they can go hiking every year.
D. That all of the rubbish can be dealt with.

2. How many tons of the household waste in Edmonton can not be processed in North America"s biggest
composter a day?

[ ]

A. over 700 tons
B. over 1000 tons
C. over 1428 tons
D. over 428 tons

3. All of the following statements are right Except _____.

[ ]

A. It is logical that the majority of Canadians want to look after their natural space
B. In Halifax, throwing an apple core into a garbage can"is against the law
C. Not all the Canadians have ever visited the-Rockies and want them to be well cared for
D. The $100 million plant can recycle most of the household waste in Edmonton

完形填空。

     War, money and power are a few things that countries and people are concerned about.   1   I agree that
those things are important, I believe that everyone should start to   2   more on a growing problem-global
warming.
     Global warming will not only   3   our country and our generation, but also-the entire   4   and future
generations. It is   5   because the weather has been a lot warmer over the past few years, which   6   the
melting (融化) of the ice in the Antarctic. This will soon cause water levels to   7   and flood parts of the
world.
     Many people ignore this problem because they feel   8   they can"t do anything about it and have more
  9   things to worry about. If we all  10  so, then our ozone layer (臭氧层) will be  11  and the planet will
no longer be able to make life continue to exist. We should do our best to limit the use of our planet"s  12
resources (资源) and keep our air clean  13 , future generations will suffer from our  14 .
     Some might feel that they can"t stop global warming from  15 . But if every single person does his or her
part in keeping the air clean, then it will become a  16  effort. Sure, there are some things that cause pollution
and that we won"t be able to  17  change. This may include cars burning oil, but we can  18  adjust some of
these things. People can start carpooling, taking the bus, riding their bikes, or  19  just walking.
   If everyone takes  20  now, I believe we can start seeing remarkable results within a few years.

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For the people living in the Nile Basin, the river is their life. This 6 825 km waterway, whose watershed (流域) covers three million square kilometers, flows through mountains, woodlands, lakes and deserts. Its potential for fishing, tourism and shipping is great-but so are its challenges. Water shortage already serious in Egypt and Sudan, will soon influence several other countries in the watershed as well. Today, about 160 million people depend on the Nile River for their living. Within the next 25 years, the district"s population is expected to double, adding to the demand brought about by growth in industry and agriculture. The frequent drought (干旱) adds to the urgency. Water quality is also a problem Precious soil is washed out to sea. Wastes from industry and agriculture create pollution. Higher concentrations of salt influence irrigated soils. Water-borne diseases continue unchecked. In areas where it"s hot and damp, water hyacinths choke off lakes, dams and other sections of the river, making it difficult for fishing and other businesses to move forward. Native people along the narrow area of farmland have watched the sand move closer day by day. They"ve seen the river change course, and their only source (来源) of water thickened with mud. They"re very poor and have few choices. But a new program, the Nile Basin Initiative (NBI), is offering very practical assistance. The program is more than just a water-management project. It"s a plan for the social and economic development of a vast district: it concentrates on the needs of the poorest of the poor and the environment that supports them. These are whole ecosystem problems, calling for united solutions (解决办法). Half the Nile Basin"s countries are among the world"s poorest nations; yet, somehow, they must find the resources, skills and political will to overcome these challenges.
1. What are the great challenges the Nile Basin faces?
[ ]
A. The development of shipping industry. B. Overfishing of native people. C. Water shortage and water quality. D. Increasing population and tourism.
2. The underlined word "hyacinths" (in Paragraph 3) refers to "_____".
[ ]
A. animals B. plants C. rocks D. salts
3. The program NBI is mainly aimed at _____.
[ ]
A. preventing water pollution B. changing the river course C. improving living conditions of the poor D. preventing land from becoming desert
4. What would be the best title of this passage?
[ ]
A. People"s Life in Egypt and Sudan B. Frequent Drought in Egypt and Sudan C. The Poorest Countries in the Nile Basin D. The Ecosystem Problems in the Nile Basin
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The IEA"s World Energy Outlook report says increasing demand and use of energy has to be limited. The switch to more low-carbon energy will require an extra investment (投资) of￡2.7 trillion-about 0.2% of GDP-the IEA report said, with an average￡11 spent per head worldwide on more efficient cars, buildings and so on. The improved energy efficiency would deliver fuel-cost savings of almost￡4.5 trillion. The report says that the world energy demand will grow by l.6% per year on average between 2006 and 2030. This figure is lower than planned last year because the economic slowdown has reduced demand. Demand for oil will rise from the current 85 m barrels (桶) per day to 106 m barrels by 2030. Demand for coal will rise more than any other fuel-despite the environmental damage it causes-making up more than a third of the increase in energy use. The report claims oil will remain the world"s main source of energy for many years to come even with the rapid development of altemative renewable energy technology but the amount of oil remaining, production costs and consumer price will remain unpredictable. Mr. Tanaka, IEA executive director, said big international oil and gas companies would in the future have limited chances to increase production while in contrast national companies are planned to make up about 80% of the increase of both oil and gas production to 2030. The report says measures to control CO₂ emissions (排放) will improve energy security by reducing global fossil-fuel energy use but this would not alarm the world"s major oil producers. "OPEC production will need to be 12 m barrels higher per day in 2030 than today. It is clear that the energy departments will have to play the leading role in handling climate change," said Mr. Tanaka.
1. According to the report, the switch to more low-carbon energy will _____.
[ ]
A. need an additional ＄2.7 trillion investment B. take two per cent of the UK"s GDP C. cost each person in the UK $ 11 on average D. save about ￡4.5 trillion in fuel costs
2. Which of the following will be the major energy source in the next few years?
[ ]
A. Oil. B. Coal. C. Gas. D. Bio-fuel.
3. According to Mr. Tanaka, who will play the key role in dealing with climate change?
[ ]
A. The oil producers. B. The energy departments. C. The oil consumers. D. The policy makers.
4. What"s the passage mainly talking about?
[ ]
A. National companies in the UK should produce more oil and gas. B. The increasing demand and use of energy should be controlled. C. New efficient energy methods should be tested and widely used. D. Measures should be taken to alarm the world"s major oil producers.