阅读下面短文，从短文后各题的A,B,C,D四个选项中，选出合适填入对应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。 A great many people ar
题型：不详难度：来源：
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题的A,B,C,D四个选项中，选出合适填入对应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A great many people are disappointed because of unrealistic expectations.
Walking up to a department store’s cloth counter, a(n) 26 young woman said,“I want to buy this material for a new dress. How much does it cost?”
“Only one 27 per yard,” replied the smirking (自鸣得意的) male clerk.
Not to be 28 back by the funny words, the woman said,” That’s fine! I’ll take ten yards.”
With 29 written all over his face, the clerk 30 measured out and wrapped the cloth, then held it out teasingly(戏弄地 ), 31 forward to receive his “ 32 ”.
The woman got the package quickly from the clerk and 33 to a little old man standing beside her. “Grandpa will pay the bill instead of me,” she 34 .
He was no 35 disappointed. But in the course of living, many people are 36 when others do not 37 their expectations. In order to be happy, some expectations must be 38 .These three particular 39 and unhealthy expectations are some of the main causes:
1．Expect too much 40 .When others say,“Thank you,” or in any way to show their gratitude, be 41 . It is a gift!
2．Expect others to make you happy. They simply cannot do that. Make yourself happy and 42 your joy with others.
3． Expect not to be 43 . At times, people will simply not come through for you in the way you need. 44 them and move on.
Get rid of these three unrealistic expectations and you can begin to expect more 45 right away!
| 小题1: | | A．tricky | B．attractive | C．ugly | D．generous |
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| 小题2: | | A．kiss | B．pay | C．dollar | D．cent |
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| 小题3: | | A．moved | B．forced | C．fought | D．taken |
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| 小题4: | | A．happiness | B．enjoyment | C．expectation | D．courage |
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| 小题5: | | A．hurriedly | B．slowly | C．patiently | D．curiously |
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| 小题6: | | A．setting | B．sitting | C．leaning | D．taking |
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| 小题7: | | A．reward | B．payment | C．bonus | D．money |
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| 小题8: | | A．tended | B．paid | C．pointed | D．nodded |
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| 小题9: | | A．smiled | B．begged | C．waved | D．thought |
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| 小题10: | | A．wonder | B．use | C．good | D．doubt |
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| 小题11: | | A．encouraged | B．disappointed | C．annoyed | D．surprised |
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| 小题12: | | A．live up to | B．go against | C．go without | D．hope for |
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| 小题13: | | A．set | B．made | C．dropped | D．completed |
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| 小题14: | | A．reasonable | B．proper | C．unimportant | D．unrealistic |
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| 小题15: | | A．profit | B．kiss | C．appreciation | D．disappointment |
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| 小题16: | | A．happy | B．sad | C．angry | D．excited |
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| 小题17: | | A．spare | B．share | C．make | D．control |
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| 小题18: | | A．put down | B．let down | C．taken down | D．thrown down |
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| 小题19: | | A．Forgive | B．Punish | C．Blame | D．Praise |
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| 小题20: | | A．happiness | B．encouragement | C．excitement | D．pride |
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:A
小题3:D
小题4:C
小题5:A
小题6:C
小题7:B
小题8:C
小题9:A
小题10:D
小题11:B
小题12:A
小题13:C
小题14:D
小题15:A
小题16:A
小题17:B
小题18:B
小题19:A
小题20:A |
解析
试题分析：在现实生活中，人们往往因为很多不切实际的期望而感到失望不开心。在文中，作者先是讲述了一个小故事以此来证明在人们中普遍存在的这种现象，然后指出人们思想中的三种不现实不健康的期望，建议人们如果想要开心快乐，就要摈弃这些不现实不该有的期望，那么幸福快乐马上就会到来。
小题1:B形容词辨析。A狡猾的，难对付的；B吸引人的，性感的；C 难看的；D慷慨大方的。从情理推测，男店员应该是看到女顾客漂亮迷人所以才会有了这种不该有的荒唐念头，所以B选项正确。
小题2:A名词辨析。A 吻；B工资，薪水；C 美元；D 美分。文章中心是讲人们不要有不现实的期望，由此推测男店员应该是做出了超出常理的要求。故可以排除B，C，D选项。选A。句意：男店员自鸣得意的说“仅仅一个吻一码”。
小题3:D动词辨析。A移动，搬动；B强迫；C战斗，打斗；D带走。从故事发展可知女顾客并没有因为男店员的要求而退缩，所以从语义搭配上D选项正确。
小题4:C名词辨析。A 幸福；B愉快，乐趣；C期望；D勇气。从上文可知女顾客答应了店员的非份要求，所以此时店员是满怀期待，脸上写满了期望。故C选项正确。
小题5:A副词辨析。A匆忙地；B缓慢地C耐心地；D好奇地。从情理推测可知男店员为了尽快获得他所期望的，应该是匆忙迅速地做完一切，然后满脸期望的等待自己所要求的“吻”，所以A选项正确。
小题6:C动词辨析。A放；安排；B坐；C倾斜；D 带，拿。forward意思为“向前”从该词的提示和情理可知店员是前倾身体来接受到他所要求的支付布料的“吻”，所以男店员是凑上前去，故C选项正确。
小题7:B名词辨析。A 回报；B支付，报偿；C津贴，红利；D钱。从上文可知他不要钱而是要求女顾客kiss 他来支付布料的钱，所以此处用“payment”表示女顾客该支付给他的东西，故B选项正确。
小题8:C动词辨析。A倾向；B 支付；C 指向；D 点头。从语境可知女顾客应该是指着身边的老人，向男店员说话，所以C选项正确。句意：那位女士迅速从店员手里接过包好的布料，然后指着站在她身边的老人说。。。
小题9:A动词辨析。A微笑；B 祈求；C 挥手；D想到。从故事可知女顾客自信成功而且不动声色得给了这个男店员一个教训，所以此时应该是优雅得体得微笑着和男店员说话，所以A选项正确。
小题10:D名词辨析。A 奇迹；B 用途；C好处；D 怀疑。此处的名词应该和句中no的进行搭配，no wonder 难怪；no use没用； no good没好处； no doubt毫无疑问。所以从故事结果可知男店员没有得到钱也没得到他所期望的吻，他应该毫无疑问的感到失望。故D选项正确。
小题11:B形容词辨析。A 受到鼓励的；B失望的；C恼火的；D惊讶的。文章开头首句A great many people are disappointed because of unrealistic expectations.就讲了人们因为不现实的期望而容易失望，然后用文中的小故事来作为例证，所以此处应该是失望的，B为正确选项。
小题12:A动词短语辨析。A 不辜负；B 违背；C 没有。。。而勉强应付；D希望。从上文的故事和后面作者的建议可知，人们是因为别人不能满足或者达不到自己的期望而失望，live up to one’s expectations意思是“达到某人期望，不辜负某人期望”，所以A选项正确。
小题13:C动词辨析。A 设置，放；B 使得，制作；C 放下，放弃；D完成。从下文Get rid of these three unrealistic expectations and you can begin to expect more…判断作者应该是建议人们为了开心快乐要放弃不现实的期望，所以C选项正确。
小题14:D形容词辨析。A合理的；B 恰当的；C 不重要的；D 不现实的。从上下文可知作者在文中提到的就是人们因为不现实的期望和不该有的期望而感到失望，如文章首句A great many people are disappointed because of unrealistic expectations.和文章末句Get rid of these three unrealistic expectations 。所以正确选项是D。
小题15:A名词辨析。A利润；B吻；C 感激，欣赏；D 失望。从上文可知此处是作者指出的不该有的期望，所以当你帮助了别人时，不要期望得到回报，不要期望因你帮助了别人而获益，所以A选项正确。
小题16:A形容词辨析。A高兴的；B 难过的；C 生气的；D 激动的。作者建议人们为了快乐而应该放弃那些不该有的不切实际的期望，所以哪怕是别人一句简单的‘谢谢’也要感到快乐。A选项正确。
小题17:B动词辨析。A 抽出，匀出；B分享，分担；C 使得，制作；D 控制。从词的搭配上只有share与with搭配表示“与…分享，分担”的意思。此处是指要让自己快乐，并且要把快乐与别人分享。所以B选项正确。
小题18:B动词短语辨析。A放下B让人失望；C 写下，拿下；D扔下。文章说的是不现实的期望是让人失望的根源，只有let down 意思符合语境，句意：期望别人不要让自己失望。所以B选项正确。
小题19:A动词辨析。A 忘记；B惩罚；C责怪；D 表扬。从上文可知作者建议人们要放弃那些不切实际的希望，所以对于没能按照你心意和需要做事的人要忽略掉，忘记掉，这样才可以使自己开心快乐，所以A选项正确。
小题20:A名词辨析。A 幸福，快乐；B 鼓励；C 刺激，兴奋；D 骄傲。文章中心就是讲人们要为了开心快乐，而必须放弃不现实的期望，所以A选项正确。 |
举一反三
When something goes wrong，it can be very satisfying to say，“Well, it’s so-and-so’s fault.” or “I know I’m late，but it’s not my fault；the car broke down.” It is probably not your fault，but once you form the habit of blaming somebody or something else for a bad situation，you are a loser. You have no power and could do nothing that helps change the situation. However, you can have great power over what happens to you if you stop focusing on whom to blame and start focusing on how to remedy the situation. This is the winner’s key to success.
Winners are great at overcoming problems. For example, if you were late because your car broke down, maybe you need to have your car examined more regularly. Or, you might start to carry along with you the useful phone numbers, so you could call for help when in need. For another example, if your colleague causes you problems on the job for lack of responsibility or ability, find ways of dealing with his irresponsibility or inability rather than simply blame the person. Ask to work with a different person, or don’t rely on this person. You should accept that the person is not reliable and find creative ways to work successfully regardless of how your colleague fails to do his job well.
This is what being a winner is all about—creatively using your skills and talents so that you are successful no matter what happens. Winners don’t have fewer problems in their lives; they have just as many difficult situations to face as anybody else. They are just better at seeing those problems as challenges and opportunities to develop their own talents. So, stop focusing on “whose fault it is.” Once you are confident about your power over bad situations, problems are just stepping stop on for success.
小题1:According to the passage, winners . | A．deal with problems rather than blame others | | B．meet with fewer difficulties in their lives | | C．have responsible and able colleagues | | D．blame themselves rather that others |
小题2:When your colleague brings about a problem, you should .| A．ask a more able colleague for help | | B．blame him for his lack of responsibility | | C．tell him to find the cause of the problem | | D．find a better way to handle the problem |
小题3:When problems occur, winners take them as .| A．excuses for their failures | B．barriers to greater power | | C．challenges to their colleagues | D．chances for self-development |
小题4:Which of the following is the best title for the passage?| A．A Winner’s Problem. | B．A Winner’s Secret. | | C．A Winner’s Opportunity. | D．A Winner’s Achievement. |
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More than a third of the babies born this year could receive a 100th birthday message from whoever happens to be on the throne in the second decade of the 22nd century, according to figures published by the Office for National Statistics (ONS). It forecasts that 35% of the 826,000 people born in 2012 will live to become centenarians.
But a long life is not unalloyed good news. David Sinclair, head of policy and research at the International Longevity Centre UK, warned that for many the future may mean social isolation(隔离）as they live longer than friends and members of their families.
"It is of course good news that so many more people are living longer," he said, "but there is a big "but1. We will be older, but in worse health, and at high risk of living alone. The other problem is that we are very poor at forward planning. We deal with the problems that are under our noses, but even problems two or three years away seem quite distant enough to put off.When you"re talking about forecasts for a time half a century away and more, I see no evidence that we are putting in place the measures to deal with it."
This year there will be 14,500 centenarians in the UK, a number which is expected to increase to 110,000 in 2035.
Women have higher life expectancies than men at every age: the likelihood of a girl born this year reaching her century is estimated to be 39%; for boys the figure is 32%.
The estimated number of female centenarians has risen from 500 in 1961 to more than 10,000 in 2010，a figure which is projected to reach 71,000 by 2035 and 276,000 by 2060.
Men are also living far longer, although their numbers are far fewer. There were an estimated 92 male centenarians in 1961 and just below 2,000 in 2010.
小题1:The underlined word centenarians probably means people who_____.| A．are born this year | B．live longer than their friends | | C．are in poor health | D．are a hundred or more years old |
小题2:From what David Sinclair said, we can learn_____.| A．he doesn"t believe so many people are living longer | | B．the older we are, the more likely we are to live alone and in poor health | | C．the people who are good at forward planning are likely to live longer | | D．too distant planning is not always necessary for most of us |
小题3:Which of the following statement is true?| A．About 289，100 people born in 2012 will live to 100. | | B．More men will reach their century than women in the future. | | C．The number of the female centenarians was 1,000 in 1970s | | D．More than 600 people reached their century in 1961. |
小题4:What does this passage mainly talk about?| A．A long life is not always good news. | | B．A long life also means social and physical isolation | | C．In the future, more people will live to 100 in the UK. | | D．It is good to live to 100. |
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If someone seems to dislike you, the reason for that dislike might have little or nothing to do with you. The person who doesn’t like you might be fearful, or shallow or busy or shy. Perhaps you and that person are simply a mismatch for each other at this particular time.
Don’t take yourself out of the game by deciding that your flaws are bigger than your good qualities. In fact, some of the very qualities you consider to be flaws may be irresistible to someone else. Although some factors that might cause one person to reject you, there are at least many factors that will work in your favor.
You might be thirty pounds over your ideal weight, but you may have a wonderful laugh and a real enthusiasm for life. There are many people who don’t mind your extra pounds. You may drive a shabby car, but you might be a great dancer and a loyal friend. There are people out there looking for loyalty, or fun, or sweetness, or wisdom, and the package it comes in is not important. If you are worried that you are not beautiful enough to attract friends, keep in mind that not everyone is looking for physical beauty in their friends. You can decide to feel inferior because you don’t have much money and you don’t drive a nice car. You can believe that this is the reason
that you don’t have many friends in your life. On the other hand, if you are very wealthy you may be suspicious that everyone is after your money and that nobody really likes you as a person.
The point is that you can focus on just about anything and believe it’s the reason you do not have friends and cannot make any.
小题1:According to the passage, plays an important role in making friends.| A．admitting your shortcomings | B．self criticism | | C．modesty | D．confidence |
小题2:If you are not liked by a person, .| A．you should find the reason in yourself | | B．you’d better talk with the person face to face | | C．you may not be the one to be blamed | | D．you and that person misunderstand each other |
小题3:We can learn from the third paragraph that .| A．your good qualities may make you earn more money | | B．your weakness may also be your strengths in some way | | C．your negative qualities may cause you to lose friends | | D．you’ll have few friends if you don’t share the same interest |
小题4: Which of the following is TRUE according to the author?| A．It is important to lose weight. | | B．It is easier for a wealthy person to make friends. | | C．Inner qualities are more important than physical appearance. | | D．If you are not beautiful enough, try to improve your physical beauty. |
小题5:What do you think the author is most likely to suggest if he continues to write?| A．How to find your good qualities. | B．How to make friends. | | C．How to make self criticism. | D．How to keep fit. |
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There are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process. People have generally viewed personal growth as an external（外部的） result or product that can easily be identified and measured. The worker who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language--- all these are examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts.
By contrast, the process of personal growth is much more difficult to determine, since by definition it is a journey and not the specific signposts or landmarks along the way. The process is not the road itself, but rather the attitudes and feelings people have, their caution or courage, as they go through new experiences and unexpected obstacles. In this process, the journey never really ends; there are always new ways to experience the world, new ideas to try, new challenges to accept.
In order to grow, to travel new roads, people need to have a willingness to take risks, to be faced with the unknown, and to accept the possibility that they may “fail” at first. How we see ourselves as we try a new way of being is essential to our ability to grow.
These feelings of insecurity and self – doubt are both unavoidable and necessary if we are to change and grow. If we do not face and overcome these internal fears and doubts, if we protect ourselves too much, then we cease to grow. We become trapped inside a shell of our own making.
小题1:A person is generally believed to achieve personal growth when______..| A．he has given up his smoking habit | | B．he has made great efforts in his work | | C．he is interested in making anything new | | D．he has tried to determine where he is on his journey |
小题2:In the author’s eyes, one who views personal growth as a process would______.| A．judge his ability to grow from his own achievements | | B．succeed in climbing up the social ladder | | C．face difficulties and take up challenges | | D．aim high and reach his goal each time |
小题3:When the author says “a new way of being” (para. 3), he is referring to _____. | A．a new way of taking risks | | B．a new approach to experiencing the world | | C．a new system of adapting to change | | D．a new method of finding ourselves |
小题4:For personal growth, the author may not support __________.| A．curiosity and more chances | | B．being quick in self – adaptation | | C．open – minded to new experiences | | D．avoidance of internal fears and doubts |
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When I was a child, my parents taught me the difference between good and bad behavior by showing me specific examples. My mother told me that you don’t 36 other kids because you would not like 37 if they hit you. That makes 38 . But, if my mother told me to be “nice” to someone, it was too vague for me to 39 . But if she said that being nice 40 delivering daffodils to a next door neighbor, that I could understand.
I believe that doing practical things can 41 the world a better place. When I was in my twenties I thought a lot about the meaning of life. At the time, I was getting started in my 42 of designing more humane facilities for animals at big farms and slaughterhouses(屠宰场). Many people would think that to even work at a slauterhouse would be inhumane, but they 43 that every human and animal 44 dies. In my mind, I had a(n) 45 of a way to make tht dying as 46 as possible.
Back in the 1970s, I went to fifty different feedlots and big farms in Arizona and Texas and 47 them work cattle. I cataloged the parts of each facility that 48 effectively. I took the best loading ramps, and other components and 49 them into an ideal new system. I get great 50 when a farmer tells me that my corral (畜栏) 51 helps cattle move through it quietly and 52 . When cattle stay calm, it means they are not scared. And that makes me feel I’ve 53 something important.
Some people might think if I could snap my 54 I’d choose to be “normal”. But, I wouldn’t want to give up my 55 to see in beautiful, precise pictures. I believe in them.
| 小题1: | | A．knock | B．hit | C．beat | D．strike |
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| 小题3: | | A．sense | B．difference | C．sail | D．way |
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| 小题4: | | A．recognize | B．realize | C．know | D．understand |
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| 小题5: | | A．meant | B．minded | C．missed | D．admitted |
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| 小题7: | | A．job | B．career | C．trade | D．industry |
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| 小题8: | | A．regret | B．remember | C．forgive | D．forget |
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| 小题9: | | A．constantly | B．eventually | C．immediately | D．directly |
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| 小题10: | | A．description | B．scene | C．picture | D．image |
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| 小题11: | | A．peaceful | B．calm | C．quiet | D．silent |
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| 小题12: | | A．required | B．asked | C．promised | D．helped |
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| 小题13: | | A．solved | B．worked | C．acted | D．conducted |
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| 小题14: | | A．collected | B．gathered | C．assembled | D．met |
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| 小题15: | | A．satisfaction | B．expectation | C．explanation | D．presentation |
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| 小题16: | | A．aim | B．intention | C．plan | D．design |
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| 小题17: | | A．hardly | B．difficultly | C．easily | D．happily |
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| 小题18: | | A．reached | B．accomplished | C．adapted | D．polished |
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| 小题19: | | A．fingers | B．hands | C．arms | D．feet |
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| 小题20: | | A．skill | B．possibility | C．talent | D．ability |
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