EA United Nations report says the number of people in the world is expected to
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E
A United Nations report says the number of people in the world is expected to reach 6500 million this July. By the middle of the century, the population could reach more than 9000 million. That would be an increase of 40﹪.
These numbers are fresh estimates for a report on world population change from 1950 to 2050. Hania Zlotnik is director of the U.N. Population Division. She says the world has added nearly 500 million people in the last six years.
But, in her words, "the good news is that new estimates show that it will take a little longer" to add the next 500 million. Mizz Zlotnik says this will probably happen by 2013.
The U.N. report says most population growth by 2050 will take place in less developed countries. Their population is expected to increase from 5000 million today to almost 8000 million. The population of more developed nations is expected to stay about the same, at just over 1000 million.
The report says nine countries will be responsible for about half the world population increase by 2050. These include Bangladesh, China, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia and India. The others are Nigeria, Pakistan, Uganda and the United States.
Twelve countries are expected to have populations at least three times the size now. These include Afghanistan, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Chad, Congo and the Democratic Republic of Congo, and East Timor. The others are Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Niger and Uganda.
The report says birth rates remain low in forty-four developed countries.
Today, worldwide, there is an average of two-point-six children per woman. This number is expected to fall to just over two children per woman in 2050. But U.N. population experts note that they cannot be sure which way birth rates will go in the future.
The U.N. report also notes that AIDS has increased death rates and slowed population growth in sixty countries. The area most affected by the disease is Southern Africa.
There, how long people live has fallen from an average of sixty-two years in 1995 to forty-eight now. Researchers believe life expectancy will fall to forty-three years by 2015, then begin a slow recovery.
67. Which of the following statements is true?
A. The population growth will slow down in the next few years.
B. Most population growth will take place in developed countries.
C. There is an average of 2.6 children per woman in developed countries.
D. The area most affected by AIDS is Uganda.
68. Which one is the best title of this passage?
A. AIDS slowed population growth.
B. Most population growth will take place in less developed countries.
C. Population growth and death rate.
D. UN world population report.
69．The author believes that the population growth results from_______
A. The birth rate in developed countries is too high.
B. The birth rate in developing countries is too high.
C. AIDS hit only a few countries.
D. A decrease in death rate.
70. Which of the following best describe the author’s attitude towards the rapid population growth?
A. sympathetic B. happy C. optimistic D. critical |
答案
小题1:A
小题2:D
小题3:B
小题4:D |
解析
| 略 |
举一反三
III. 阅读 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节：阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In 1993, New York State ordered stores to charge a deposit on beverage (="drink)" containers. Within a year, consumers had returned millions of aluminum cans and glass and plastic bottles. Plenty of companies were eager to accept the aluminum and glass as raw material for new products, but because few could figure out what to do with the plastic, much of it wound end up buried in landfills(垃圾填埋场). The problem was not limited to New York. Unfortunately, there were too few uses for second-hand plastic.
Today, one out of five plastic soda bottles is recycled in the United States. The reason for the change is that now there are dozens of companies across the country buying discarded plastic soda bottles and turning them into fence post, paint brushes, etc.
As the New York experience shows, recycling involves more than simply separating valuable materials from the rest of the rubbish. A discard remains a discard unti1 somebody figures out how to give it a second life — and until economic arrangements exist to give that second life va1ue.Without adequate markets to absorb materials collected for recycling, throwaways actually depress prices for used materials.
Shrinking landfill space and rising costs for burying and burning rubbish are forcing local governments to look more closely at recycling. In many areas, the East Coast especially, recycling is already the least expensive waste-management option. For every ton of waste recycled, a city avoids paying for its disposal, which, in parts of New York, amounts to savings of more than $100 per ton. Recycling also stimulates the local economy by creating jobs and reduces the pollution control and energy costs of industries that make recycled products by giving them a more refined raw material.
1. What regulation was issued by New York State concerning beverage containers?
A. A fee should be charged on used containers for recycling.
B. Throwaways should be collected by the state for recycling.
C. Consumers had to pay for beverage containers and could get their money back on returning them.
D. Beverage companies should be responsible for collecting and reusing discarded plastic soda bottles.
2. The returned plastic bottles in New York used to .
A. be turned into raw rnateria1s
B. be separated from other rubbish
C. have a second-life value
D. end up somewhere underground
3. The key problem in dealing with returned plastic beverage containers is .
A. how to reduce their recycling costs
B. to sell them at a profitable price
C. how to turn them into useful things
D. to lower the prices for used materials
4. Recycling has become the first choice for the disposal of rubbish because .
A. recycling causes litt1e pollution
B. other methods are more expensive
C. recycling has great appeal for the jobless
D. local governments find it easy to manage
5. It can be concluded from the passage that .
A. recycling is to be recommended both economically and environmentally
B. local governments in the U. S. can expect big profits from recycling
C. rubbish is a potential remedy for the shortage of raw materials
D. landfills will sti1l be widely used for waste disposal |
第二节完形填空（共20小题：每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36—55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I believe in miracles（奇迹）because I‘ve seen so many of them.One day, a patient was referred to me who was one hundred and two years old.“There’s a 36 in my upper jaw ,”she said.“I told my own dentist it’s nothing,but he 37 I come to see you”
Her eight-year-old son accompanied her.He would 38 to add something .but she stopped him.She wanted to tell everything herself.I found a large cancer that spread over much of the 39 of her mouth.A careful examination later 40 that it was a particularly bad sort of cancer.
During her next appointment，I explained to her the 41 of the problem.She clasped my hand in hers and said,“I know you’re worried about me,but I’m just 42 .”
I thought otherwise.After considerable 43 on my part,and kindness on her part because she wanted to 44 me ,she agreed to have me refer her to a cancer surgeon.She saw him,but as I expected, 45 treatment.
About six months later she returned to my office,still energetic and 46 .
“How are you?”I asked.
“I’m just fine ,honey，”she responded 47 high spirits.“When can I get stared on fixing my dentures（假牙）?”
Surprised to see her at all,Ianswered 48 ,“Let me take a look at your mouth and we’ll see about it.”
I couldn’t believe my eyes.The cancer that had 49 nearly the entire roof of her mouth was gone-only one small area of redness 50 .
I had read of such things happening.but had 51 seen them with my own eyes.That was my first miracle.Since then I’ve seen many others,because they keep getting 52 to see.In fact,miracles are daily events for me now.And people are miracles, 53 through them we have a chance to know ourselves and to 54 the miracles of one another.
Since my first miracle,I’ve come to understand that the time and place for a miracle is 55 we choose to find it.
36.A.cut B.pain C.wound D.cancer
37. A.declared B.suspected C.promised D.insisted
38. A.refuse B.continue C.attempt D.manage
39. A.roof B.coiner C.bottom D.surface
40. A.confirmed B.convinced C.considered D.concluded
41. A.possibility B.importance C.seriousness D.resolution
42.A.old B.sick C.fine D.glad
43.A.permission B.support C.approval D.effort
44.A.persuade B.please C.encourage D.astonish
45.A.declined B.provided C.received D.required
46.A.healthy B.elegant C.optimistic D.humorous
47.A.to B.in C.with D.by
48.A.worriedly B.confusedly C.patiently D.confidently
49.A.covered B.reached C.spread D.grown
50.A.cured B.faded C.expanded D.remained
51.A.ever B.also C.never D.already
52.A.easier B.rarer C.happier D.closer
53.A.or B.so C.yet D.for
54.A.read B.make C.keep D.see
55.A.whatever B.wherever C.whoever D.whichever |
第二部分. 语言知识及应用（共两节，满分35分）
第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21～30各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I have said enough to you about the fact that no two native speakers of English speak it alike, but perhaps you are clever enough to ask me whether I myself speak it in the same way.
I must 21 at once that I do not. Nobody does. I am at present speaking to an audience of many thousands of gramophonists（学话者）, many of 22 are trying hard to follow my words, syllable by syllable. If I were to speak to you as carelessly as I speak to my wife at home, this record would be 23 ; and if I were to speak to my wife at home as carefully as I am speaking to you, she would think that I was going mad.
As a public speaker I have to take care that every word I say is heard clearly at the far 24 of large halls containing thousands of people. “But at home, when I have to consider only my wife sitting 25 six feet of me at breakfast, I take so little pains with my speech that very often, 26 giving me the expected answer, she says, “Don’t mumble, and don’t turn you head away when you speak. I can’t hear a word you are saying.” And she also is a little careless. Sometimes I have to say “what” two or three times during our meal. And she 27 me of growing deafer and deafer, though she does not say so, because, as I am now over seventy, it might be true.
We all have company manners. If you were to 28 a strange family and to listen through the keyhole before going in---not that I would suggest for a moment that you are capable of doing such a very unladylike or ungentlemanlike thing; but still, if, in your enthusiasm for studying languages you could bring yourself to do it just for a few seconds to hear how a family speak to one another when there is 29 listening to them, and then walk into the room and hear how very 30 they speak in your presence, the change would surprise you. Even when our home manners are as good as our company manners---and of course they ought to be better --- they are always different; and the difference is greater in speech than in anything else.
21. A. admit B. accept C. refuse D. deny
22. A. them B. who C. whom D. us
23 A. useful B. important C. useless D. helpful
24. A. side B. end C. distance D. length
25. A. within B. at C. from D. by
26. A. other than B. except for C. apart form D. instead of
27. A. excuses B. suspects C. thinks D. accuses
28. A. call at B. drop by C. drop in D. call on
29. A. nobody else B. nobody C. someone else D. someone
30. A. strangely B. politely C. differently D. calmly |
Ⅲ. 阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从41—55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
(A)
We"re all connected. You can send an e-mail message to a friend, and your friend can pass it on to one of his or her friends, and that friend can do the same, continuing the chain. Eventually, your message could reach just about anyone in the world, and it might take only five to seven e-mails for the message to get there.
Scientists recently tested that idea in a study involving 24,000 people. Participants had to try to get a message forwarded to one of 18 randomly chosen people. Each participant started by sending one e-mail to someone they knew. Recipients could then forward the e-mail once to someone they knew, and so on.
Targets, who were randomly assigned by researchers from Columbia University in New York, lived in 13 countries. They included an Australian police officer, a Norwegian veterinarian, and a college professor.
Out of 24,000 chains, only 384 reached their goal. The rest petered out, usually because one of the recipients was either too busy to forward the message or thought it was junk mail.
The links that reached their goal made it in an average of 4.05 e-mails. Based on the lengths of the failed chains, the researchers estimated that two strangers could generally make contact in five to seven e-mails.
The most successful chains relied on casual acquaintances rather than close friends. That"s because your close friends know each other whereas your acquaintances tend to know people you don"t know. The phenomenon, known as the strength of weak ties, explains why people tend to get jobs through people they know casually but aren"t that close to.
So, start networking and instant messaging now. As they say in show business: It"s all about who you know.
41. If you want to get into touch with a stranger in the world, how many e-mails might it take for the message to reach him/her?
A. 5 to 7
| B. 18
| C. 13
| D. 384
|
42. Which of the following is Not true about the test?
A. 24,000 people took part in the study and sent e-mails to people they knew.
| B. The 18 targets were chosen by chance.
| C. About 98.4% of the mails didn’t reach their goal because some people were too busy or they mistook the message for junk mail.
| D. The targets come from 13 countries, such as Australia, Norway and New York.
|
43. What does the word “estimate” mean in the passage?
A. make sure
| B. suppose
| C. think over
| D. imagine
|
44. Why do people tend to get jobs more easily through casual acquaintances than close friends?
A. Because close friends don’t talk with each other so much.
| B. Because casual acquaintances can help you know more people and make more friends.
| C. Because close friends don’t spend so much time gathering together.
| D. Because casual acquaintances are kinder and more willing to help others.
|
45. In which part of a newspaper will readers read this passage?
A. Culture
| B. Entertainment
| C. Information and Technology
| D. Health
|
|
(B)
British author JK Rowling was at the release of her latest Harry Potter book called “Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows” at the Natural History Museum in London, Friday July 20, 2007.
J.K. Rowling has been spotted at cafes in Scotland working on a detective novel, a British newspaper reported Saturday.
The Sunday Times newspaper quoted Ian Rankin, a fellow author and neighbor of Rowling"s, as saying the creator of the "Harry Potter" books is turning to crime fiction.
"My wife spotted her writing her Edinburgh criminal detective novel," the newspaper quoted Rankin as telling a reporter at an Edinburgh literary festival.
"It is great that she has not abandoned writing or Edinburgh cafes," said Rankin, who is known for his own police novels set in the historic Scottish city.
Rowling famously wrote initial drafts of the Potter story in the Scottish city"s cafes. Back then, she was a struggling single mother who wrote in cafes to save on the heating bill at home.
Now she"s Britain"s richest woman - worth $1 billion, according to Forbes magazine - and her seven Potter books have sold more than 335 million copies worldwide.
In an interview with The Associated Press last month, Rowling said she believed she was unlikely to repeat the success of the Potter series, but confirmed she had plans to work on new books.
"I"ll do exactly what I did with Harry - I"ll write what I really want to write," Rowling said.
46 What is JK Rowling famous for?
A. detective novels
| B. crime fiction
| C. Harry Potter books
| D. love stories
|
47 Which of the following is Not rue about Ian Rankin?
A. He is a writer famous for police novels.
| B. Most of the stories in his novels happened in the historic Scottish city.
| C. It was Rankin himself who witnessed JK Rowing writing her Edinburgh criminal detective novels.
| D. He told the British newspaper The Sunday Times about JK Rowling’s novels.
|
48 Why did Rowling like to write the “Harry Potter stories” in the cafes?
A. Because she was a romantic woman and the atmosphere in the cafes gave her lots of inspiration.
| B. Because she was a single mother at that time and she wanted to find a husband there.
| C. Because her children were so naughty at home and she had to go to a quiet place for her writing.
| D. Because she thought that writing in a cafes could help her save some money.
|
49 What can we learn from the passage?
A. The seven Harry Potter series made JK Rowling a success.
| B. JK Rowling had made enough money so she decided to stop writing.
| C. Rowling planned to write new books because Harry Potter was not exactly what she wanted.
| D. Ian Rankin and his wife earned money by telling reporters news about JK Rowling.
|
50 What is the best title for the passage?
A. Harry Potter and JK Rowing
| B. Ian Rankin, A Neighbour of JK Rowling
| C. A Successful Woman JK Rowling
| D. JK Rowling writing Detective Novels
|
|
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