The Cost of Higher Education Individuals (个人) should pay for their higher educat

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The Cost of Higher Education
Individuals (个人) should pay for their higher education.
A university education is of huge and direct benefit to the individual. Graduates earn more than non-graduates. Meanwhile, social mobility is ever more dependent on having a degree. However, only some people have it. So the individual, not the taxpayers, should pay for it. There are pressing calls on the resources (资源) of the government. Using taxpayers" money to help a small number of people to earn high incomes in the future is not one of them.
Full government funding (资助) is not very good for universities. Adam Smith worked in a Scottish university whose teachers lived off student fees. He knew and looked down upon 18th-century Oxford, where the academics lived comfortably off the income received from the government. Guaranteed salaries, Smith argued, were the enemy of hard work; and when the academics were lazy and incompetent, the students were similarly lazy.
If students have to pay for their education, they not only work harder, but also demand more from their teachers. And their teachers have to keep them satisfied. If that means taking teaching seriously, and giving less time to their own research interests, that is surely something to celebrate.
Many people believe that higher education should be free because it is good for the economy (经济). Many graduates clearly do contribute to national wealth, but so do all the businesses that invest (投资) and create jobs. If you believe that the government should pay for higher education because graduates are economically productive, you should also believe that the government should pay part of business costs. Anyone promising to create jobs should receive a gift of capital from the government to invest. Therefore, it is the individual, not the government, who should pay for their university education.
1. The underlined word "them" in Paragraph 2 refers to____________
A. taxpayers B. pressing calls
C. college graduates D. government resources
2. The author thinks that with full government funding____________
A. teachers are less satisfied
B. students are more demanding
C. students will become more competent
D. teachers will spend less time on teaching
3. The author mentions businesses in Paragraph 5 in order to ____________
A. argue against free university education
B. call on them to finance students" studies
C. encourage graduates to go into business
D. show their contribution to higher education

答案

小题1:B
小题2:D
小题3:A

解析

略

举一反三

Many of us like cooking but never have much time for it. Helen Fry’s new book Quick Cooking has been specially written for busy people. It has over 1,000 recipes, from the famous Spanish gazpacho to Swedish smorgasbord. The book is well written and the photographs and drawings are clear. (They are like those in the excellent little Quick Dressmaking and Quick Gardening.) The book has a strong plastic cover. It is easy to find your way around it too. And busy people, notice this! Mrs. Fry tells you how much time you need in order to get each dish ready.
Quick Cooking has 4 parts, one for each season. This helps you to use fresh fruit and vegetables when they are cheaper—and, of course, better. There are a lot of exciting ideas from foreign countries, and most of the recipes are easy to follow. You take something simple like a chicken or some cheese, and make and unusual dish out of it. For example, there are no fewer than 40 recipes for eggs! Mrs. Fry does not plan complete meals for the “quick book”. The beginners will have to find out a lot of things for himself—or herself. But this ought not to be difficult with such a good book. I wanted to try many of the recipes as soon as I read them. For people with little spare time Helen Fry’s Quick Cooking is excellent value.
1. Helen Fry’s book is called Quick Cooking because ___.
A. you can cook all the dishes in it quickly
B. there is over 1,000 recipes in it
C. it is written for people who don’t have much time
D. it tells you how to cook all kinds of food quickly
2. Busy people should notice that _____.
A. all the recipes in the book are easy to follow
B. there are clear photographs and drawings in the book
C. the book has a strong cover
D. they are told how long each dish takes to cook
3. This passage is most probably ____.
A. a book review B. a notice
C. a letter to an editor D. an introduction on cooking
4. We can infer from the passage that _____.
A. Helen Fry is good at writing books quickly
B. complete meals are planned only for beginners
C. there are quite a few “quick books” for busy people
D. beginners are advised to start making meals out of the cheapest materials

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Time is very important in our lives. It organizes our everyday moments. However, time never had any importance in my life until I received a watch from my father.
I received this gift on a cloudy day. I had to go to the airport at 9:00 a.m. to meet my uncle and take him to my father’s house. However, I was late because I was staying with my friends. Later on that day, around 11:00 a.m., I remembered my uncle, but I was very late for him. He had left the airport and taken a taxi to my father’s house.
I got to my father’s house at 2:00 p.m. and felt ashamed of myself at that moment. After I said “hello” to my angry father and tired uncle, my father asked me to sit next to him and gave me this watch. Then he said, “Essa, did you have fun with your friends today?”
“Yes, Dad, and I’m sorry about not meeting my uncle at the airport.”
“I hope today you learned something important, and this watch will be a reminder (提醒物) for you.” He told me to take this watch and use it as an organizer of my life.
I learned a very important lesson from my father: To respect time and never be late to do something. This watch is important to me, not because of its price, but because of the lesson that I learned from it.
49. The writer’s uncle came to visit them ______.
A. by car B. by air C. by boat      D. by taxi
50. Why did Essa’s father get angry when Essa got to his house?
A. Essa often spent a lot of time with friends.
B. Essa cared little about other people.
C. Essa wasted too much time.
D. Essa forgot an important thing.
51. Why did the father give Essa a watch?
A. To punish Essa. B. To comfort Essa.
C. To teach Essa.           D. To praise Essa.
52. What did Essa think of the watch?
A. It was a priceless gift.       B. It was an useless gift.
C. It was a common gift.       D. It was a strange gift.

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B
It was evening when my parents and I ventured across Nemeiben Lake, in Northern Saskatchewan. This vast lake had a unique reputation as being the best fishing and tourist resort.
With the boat undocked and the gear and luggage stored beneath the security of the seats, we set off into the setting sun at 8:30.
Unlike my parents , I had never been on a fishing boat before and was captivated(迷住) by the speed and grace in which it traveled through the waves. The lake was deserted as the sky began to darken and looked more threatening by the minute.
Suddenly the boat hit something with such a force that we all fell over in our seats. The whole boat shook for a moment, before water started to trickle slowly over stern. My father went to the back and after many attempts to start the engine, he began to look very worried. The water was now rushing in at a much faster rate, tipping the boat at an awkward angle.
We tried our best to hold on to something. The worst was yet to come. With our life jackets secured and fastened, we waited as the boat sank deeper into the water. We were soon immersed in the chilly depths. The biting cold was more terrifying than anyone could imagine.
My parents, who were dressed in floater jackets, clung desperately to each other, trying to keep their heads above water. I, on the other hand, wasn’t so fortunate. A strong gust of wind blew briskly across the lake, bringing with it, torrential rain and threatening thunderstorms. The strong waves carried me on into the night. The waves continued to pound violently, forcing me underwater.
The following morning a fisherman found us. By that time, our body temperatures were twenty-four degrees, which meant we were nearly dead. Later investigation showed that we had been in the water for fifteen hours.
60. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. An exciting experience my parents and I had
B. A disappointing experience my parents and I had
C. An adventurous experience my parents and I had
D. A strong experience my parents and I had
61. Unlike the other lakes in Northern Saskatchewan, the Nemeiben Lake____________.
A. was the most dangerous and threatening lake
B. was most famous for fishing and tourism
C. was the largest and deepest in this area
D. had a good reputation for its wildlife
62. What is the reason which caused the accident?
A. Because of the thunderstorms
B. Because the boat sank.
C. Because the boat hit something with force.
D. Because we had no life jackets

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第三部分阅读技能 (共三节，满分35分)
第一节  阅读理解（共12小题；每小题2分，满分24分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
How to have fun in Chicago without spending a lot of money?
Sightseeing
★The Art Institute of Chicago has a fine collection of photos and paintings. The ticket is $10.00. But on Tuesdays you’ll get in free.
★The Sears Tower is the world’s third tallest building. By going to the 103rd floor, you can get a great view of the whole city! All for only $8.50.
Free show
★There are free concerts in Grant Park in summer. They are held from Wednesday to Saturday at 7:00 pm.
★Attend the taping of a TV show for free. The Oprah Winfrey Show and the Jenny Jones Show both offer tourists free tickets. For the Oprah Winfrey Show you’ll have to book tickets at least a month before.
Places to stay
★You can get a hotel for $100 to $300 a day. However, you can get a room in the dormitory
at Roosevelt University for $215 for a whole week! But you have to stay for 30 days to get this great rate(价格).
( ) 41. This passage tells us _________.
A. Chicago is a big and beautiful city
B. where we can see fine photos and paintings
C. how to make a cheap trip in Chicago
D. there are many free concerts in Chicago
( ) 42. It will cost you ________ if you visit the Art Institute instead of the Sears Tower on Sundays.
A. more       B. less           C. a little           D. nothing
( ) 43. You may go to _________ if you like to get a great view of the whole city.
A. the Art Institute                 B. the Sears Tower
C. Roosevelt University              D. Grant Park
( ) 44. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A. It is free to go to the Art Institute on Tuesdays.
B. Free Grant Park concerts are held four nights a week in summer.
C. The Sears Tower is the world’s third tallest building.
D. You can get tickets to the Oprah Winfrey Show as soon as you arrive.

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第二节　完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36-55题所给的四个选项（A，B，C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
My son Joey was born with club feet（天生特厚的畸形脚）. The doctors assured us that with treatment he would be able to walk 36 , but would never run very well. The first three years of his life were 37 in surgery（手术）. By the time he was eight, you wouldn’t know he had a 38 when you saw him walk.
The children in our neighborhood ran around as most children do during 39 , and Joey would jump right in，run and play, too. We   40  told him that he probably wouldn’t be able to 41 as well as the other children. So he didn’t know.
In seventh grade he 42 to go out for the cross country team. Every day he 43 with the team. He worked harder and ran 44 than any of the others — perhaps he sensed that the 45 that seemed to come naturally to so many others did not come naturally to him. 46 the entire team runs, only the top seven runners have the potential （潜能） to 47 points for the school. We didn’t tell him he probably would never make the team, so he didn’t know.
He 48 to run four to five miles a day, every day — even the day he had a 103 degree fever. I was 49 , so I went to look for him after school. I found him 50 all alone. I asked him how he felt. "Okay," he said. He had two more51 to go. The sweat ran down his face and his eyes were glassy from his fever. 52 he looked straight ahead and kept running.
Two weeks later, the names of the team runners were 53 . Joey was number six on the list. Joey had made the team. He was in 54 grade — the other six team members were all eighthgraders. We never told him he shouldn’t 55 to make the team. We never told him he couldn’t do it...so he didn’t know. He just did it.
36. A. quickly       B. slowly     C. normally    D. comfortably
37. A. spent         B. wasted     C. suffered   D. lost
38. A. pain          B. problem        C. treatment         D. surgery
39. A. holidays         B. day           C. fun           D. play
40. A. seldom       B. never          C. always            D. once
41. A. study         B. run     C. walk        D. behave
42. A. decided       B. preferred       C. refused    D. agreed
43. A. gathered       B. camped      C. trained        D. competed
44. A. more slowlyB. less      C. faster           D. more
45. A. ability       B. strength     C. power    D. energy
46. A. Since         B. Because    C. After    D. Although
47. A. increase        B. score            C. hold           D. take
48. A. continued      B. stopped     C. liked       D. hoped
49. A. sad             B. surprised       C. angry        D. worried
50. A. running            B. resting       C. crying        D. sleeping
51. A. tests         B. miles    C. lessons        D. examinations
52. A. Otherwise     B. So        C. Yet               D. Thus
53. A. included       B. called           C. shown      D. found
54. A. sixth       B. eighth     C. seventh          D. fifth
55. A. manage      B. determine         C. expect       D. attempt

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