助动词与be动词的区别
题目
助动词与be动词的区别
简单易懂一些
我对语法概念不太清楚
简练点
最好是一两句话
答案
1)协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词(Auxiliary Verb).被协助的动词称作主要动词(Main Verb).构成时态,语态是助动词
助动词是语法功能词,自身没有词义,不可单独使用,它没有对应的汉译,例如:
He doesn't like English.他不喜欢英语.
(doesn't是助动词,无词义;like是主要动词,有词义)
2) 助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用,可以用来:
a.表示时态,例如:
He is singing.他在唱歌.
He has got married.他已结婚.
b.表示语态,例如:
He was sent to England.他被派往英国.
c.构成疑问句,例如:
Do you like college life?你喜欢大学生活吗?
Did you study English before you came here?你来这儿之前学过英语吗?
d.与否定副词not合用,构成否定句,例如:
I don't like him.我不喜欢他.
e.加强语气,例如:
Do come to the party tomorrow evening.明天晚上一定来参加晚会.
He did know that.他的确知道那件事.
3) 最常用的助动词有:be,have,do,shall,will,should,would
be动词的用法
be
[bi:]
vi
现在时 I am,you are,he is,we are,you are,they are (缩略式 I'm,you're,he's,we're,you're,they're),(否定缩略式 I'm not,isn't,aren't),过去时 I was,you were,he was,we were,you were,they were (过去时否定缩略式 wasn't,weren't),过去分词 been,现在分词 being
英语的“be”是个特别动词;有些语言,如中文和马来文,并没有“be”这样的动词.
“Be”除了原形的“be”之外,还有另外七种形式:am,is,are,been,being,was,were.
在句子中,“be”可以是主动词(The Principal Verb)或助动词(The Auxiliary Verb).
【当主动词时,“be”在性质上属于接系动词(The Linking Verb),后面要有名词、形容词、地方副词或短语作补足语(The Complement).例如:
1.The man is a science teacher.
2.Mary's new dresses are colourful.
3.I have been there before.
4.Mother is in the kitchen now.
【这四个都是陈述句,可以变成疑问句,方法简单,把主语和“be”或助动词对换位置即可:
5.Is the man a science teacher?
6.Are Mary's new dresses colourful?
7.Have I been there before?
8.Is mother in the kitchen now?
【当“be”要在祈使句中出现时,它必须借重助动词“do”或“don't”之助,如:
9.Don't be silly!
10.Do be obedient!
11.Don't be a fool!
【“Be”有两种缩写法,如下:
12.He's not./He isn't.
13.You're not./You aren't...
【但“am + not”的缩写法只有一个:
14.I'm not.
有人用“ain't”,但这并不是标准英语.
谈过了“be”作主动词的功能,现在看看“be”作助动词时,有些什么用法:
【1.】“Be + 现在分词”以组成进行式时态(Continuous Tenses),如:
15.Tony's maid is washing his new car.
16.The children are playing in the field.
17.Samuel was eating when I came in.
18.We have been living here since 1959.
【2.】“Be + 过去分词”以组成被动语态(The Passive Voice),如:
19.Her money in the drawer was stolen.
20.A number of good jobs are taken up byforeigners.
21.David studied in Taiwan but has been trained as a language lecturer in America.
22.Can all the wonderful birds be found in our Bird Park?
23.The disobedient boy was told to stand out- side the classroom.
24.Steps are being taken to reduce traffic con- gestion during peak hours.
25.Dishonest students will be immediately dealt with.
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