Not having received a reply,he decided to write another为什么是NOT HAVING RECEIVED,不是NOT RECEIVED为什么这里要用

题目

Not having received a reply,he decided to write another为什么是NOT HAVING RECEIVED,不是NOT RECEIVED为什么这里要用动名词 为什么HAVING在这里做VERB那么RECEIVED做什么,RECEIVED本身不是动词吗?为什么还要加HAVING

答案

这是一个完整的句子(有逗号)
所以只能有一个动词
decided 是动词(to write是不定式)
看句子意思 得到时态
没有收到回复,他决定写给其他人
收到回复显然在写之前
而写是过去式
收到只能是过去完成时
而又不是动词
not提前得
not having received
(主动收到)
这是我的解答