合成形容词的构词概念

题目

合成形容词的构词概念
有哪些词可以构成合成形容词?怎样构成?

答案

合成形容词的构成
构词形式有多种多样,其中合成形容词也是一种.合成形容词由连字符把两个或两个以上的词连接起来,用作定语.如：a south-facing window,adried-up river,a twelve-year-old girl.现将常见的合成形容词配以例句分类归纳如下：
1．形容词+名词+ed
People had come to love him as an inspiring leader and a wise warm-hearted,honest man．他（林肯）作为一位具有感召力的领袖,又是一个聪明、热情和诚实的人,人民开始爱戴他.
But for a cold－blooded creature such as a frog or a snake it is a different matter．但是对于冷血动物,诸如青蛙或蛇,情况就不同了.
又如：a bad－tempered man一个坏脾气的人；a left－handed man一个左撇子；
2．名词+过去分词
Many countries have set up man－made satellites to circle the earth．许多国家已发射了人造卫星环绕地球.
She cried at the heart－broken news．
知道这个令人心碎的消息,她嚎啕大哭起来.
又如：a water－covered field一片水田；hand－made works手工制品；……
3．副词+过去分词
There he received a letter inviting him to go to the United States to teach at awell－known research institute at Princeton．在那里,他收到一封信,邀请他到美国普林斯顿一家著名的研究院去教书.
Dozens of better－trained persons had been turned down before me．在我之前已经有了几十个比我受过更好训练的人都没有被录用.
又如：a quickly－cured patient一个很快治愈的病人； a highly－developed in－dustry高度发展的工业；……
4.名词+现在分词
The eyes of millions of freedom－loving Canadians,Americans,and English－men are turned to the East…．千百万爱好自由的加拿大人、美国人和英国人都望着东方…….
又如：earth－shaking changes翻天覆地的变化；a man－eating society一个吃人的社会；……
5．形容词+现在分词
He was an ordinary－looking little man with thick glasses.他是个身材不高、相貌平常、戴着深度眼镜的人.
Her easy-going nature made her popular．她那随和的天性赢得大家的喜爱.
又如：a familiar-sounding name听起来熟悉的名字,an ill－fitting dress一件不合身的衣服；……
6．副词+现在分词
She was a simple,practical and hard-working woman．她是个衣着朴素、实事求是而又勤劳的妇女.
The government has made many far－reaching decisions．政府已作出许多意义深远的决定.
又如：never-ending dispute无休止的辩论,fast－spreading rumours快速流传的谣言；……
7．数词+名词或形容词
I'd like to see your ten－speed bicycle．我很想看看你的十速自行车.
Each student gave the waiter a ten－dollar note．每个学生都递给那侍者一张十美元的钞票.
又如：a second－hand bookstore一家旧书店；a 100－metre dash一百米赛跑；a six－storeyed building一座六层楼房子；
8．名词+形容词或形容词+名词
Although Princeton,New Jersey,has a world－famous university,it is still asmall quiet town．新泽西州普林斯顿虽有一所世界闻名的大学,但仍是一个安静的小城镇.
Now there are fast－food restaurants in countries all over the world．现在世界各国都有快餐店.
又如：a full-time job一项专职工作； a water-tight－boot一只雨靴；
9.一些固定的短语或习语
We have bought an up-to-date office computer．我们购置了一台最新式的办公室用的计算机.
He came from a well－to-do family．他出身于小康之家.
又如：an out－of－date model一套过时模式；an out－of－print book一本绝版本；an out－of－the-way village一个荒僻的村庄；a touch－and－go situation一触即发的形势；an on－the－spot investigation一次现场调查.
10．由名词与名词、代词与代词、副词与副词构成合成形容词
Have you bought an English-Chinese Dictionary?
你买英汉词典了吗?
They went to such－and－such a place．他们去某某一个地方了.
He talked of far－away places and experiences.他谈到了一些遥远的地方及其经历.
又如：a heart－to-heart talk一次推心置腹的谈话； an out－and－out liar一个十足的说谎大王；……
以上是合成形容词的常见构成形式.假如初学者用这些词多造句,定会有所裨益.