独立主格用法详解?

题目

独立主格用法详解?

答案

“独立主格结构”也叫“独立结构”,把复合句变成一个简单句.它与真正的句子的不同之处：句子要有谓语动词,而独立结构是“非谓语动词”,即,逻辑谓语,或其它词性,有以下种类：注：括号表示可以省略.
1) ing动词作逻辑谓语 （表示主动的含义）
e.g.The storm having damaged everything,many people became homeless.
John arriving home,Mary asked him to dine.
There being nothing to do,we played game.(there be)
Time permitting,I can finish in one hour.(If I am given enough time …)
2) ed 动词作逻辑谓语 (表示被动的含义)
e.g.He rushed into the room,his head (being) covered with snow.
All things (being) considered,he has done his best.
The job (being) finished,we went home straight away.
The first problem (being) solved,the second will be found easier.
The table (being) set,we began to dine.
So much money having been spent,we haven’t seen any good result.
3) 不定式动词做逻辑谓语 (表示将来的含义)
e.g.I now pay you half the sum,the other half to be paid next month.
The plan was that the two parties should first reach an agreement on the basic principle,the details to be worked out later.
4) “主系表”句型里的形容词或其它词性
e.g.The children were watching the acrobatic show,their eyes (being) wide open.
The weather (being) fine,we went out for a walk.
He sat there,his face (being) serious and his attention (being) steady.
5) 以上部分都可以在前面加用“with” “without”
e.g.
a) V-ing
With night coming on,we hurried home.
I read newspapers with the morning sun shining through the window.
Finally she came without anyone accompanying her.
I stole away without anyone noticing me.
b) V-ed
With the tree planted,we get tired.
With the tree grown,we get more shade.
They sat face to face,without a single word said.
He enjoyed listening to music with his eyes closed.
c) To-V
What is to become of Miss Hilary now,with her parents (being) gone so quickly,and with nobody to look after her?x09
D) 其它词性
He went away with the light (being) still on.
The little girl came to me,with eyes (being) red.