wh-疑问词用法详解
以疑问词开头,对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。常用的疑问词有:what who whose which when where how why等。
可先分为3种:
疑问代词:what,who,Which,whose,whom
疑问副词:when,where,why,how
疑问形容词:what(which,whose)+名词
特殊疑问句有两种语序
1.如疑问词作主语或主语的定语,即对主语或主语的定语提问,其语序是陈述句的语序:疑问词(+主语)+谓语动词+其他成分?如:
who is singing in the room﹖
whose bike is broken﹖
2.如疑问词作其他成分,即对其他成分提问,其语序是:疑问词+一般疑问句语序? 如:
what class are you in﹖
What does she look like﹖
Where are you from﹖
What time does he get up every morning﹖
How do you know﹖
注意1.回答特殊疑问句时,不能用yes/no,即问什么答什么,尤其是简略回答。如:
Who is from Canada﹖
Helen (is).
Where's the restaurant﹖
Near the station.
Why do you like koalas﹖
Because they are cute.
2.特殊疑问句一般读降调(↓)。
特殊疑问词
Who谁——Whose谁的
Why为什么 When什么时候 Where在哪里 Which哪一个
What什么 ( What time什么时间 What colour什么颜色)
How怎么样(How many多少{数量} How much多少钱{价格} How long多长 How often多少次 How big多大 How heavy多重{重量}How far多远{路程}
特殊疑问句的用法
(1)英语特殊疑问句是以疑问词开始的疑问句。它的语序与汉语不一样。英语的特殊疑问句是把疑问词放在句首,后面接be动词的变化形式;或接助动词do/does,或can,would等,再接句子的主语、谓语动词及其他成分,句末用问号。例如:What does he often do on Sundays? Where is the boy singing?
(2)如果疑问代词在句中做主语或主语的一部分,疑问代词或疑问代词加主语部分后面直接跟句子的谓语动词及其他部分。例如:Who is on duty today? Whose father works in the shop?
(3)疑问词还可以与某些单词搭配,构成不同的词组来表示不同的意思。如:what colour, what time, whose coat, which girl, how many等。这些词组必须放在句首。
(4)特殊疑问句的回答与一般疑问句不一样,即不用yes或no来回答,有时可以只回答有关的疑问词或词组。例如:Who likes singing? Li Fang likes singing. (或Li Fang.)
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