Everyone likes living in a clean and comfortable environment. If the environment
题型：不详难度：来源：
Everyone likes living in a clean and comfortable environment. If the environment(环境) are bad, it will affect our body, and make us not feel well. Sometimes we may be terribly ill. At that time we don’t want to work, and we have to stay in bed and rest at home. So the environment is very important to us.
It’s germs(微生物) that makes us ill. There are germs everywhere, They are very small and you can’t find them with your own eyes, but you can see them with a microscope（显微镜）They are very small and there may be hundreds of them on a very small thing, Germs can always be found in dirty water. When we look at dirty water under the microscope, we shall see them in it. Germs can also be found in air and dust（灰尘）. If you cut your finger, some of the dust from the floor may go into it, and you will have much pain in it. Sometimes the germs will go into all of your bodies, and you will have pain everywhere.
To keep us healthy, we should try our best to make our environment cleaner and tidier. This needs us to work together.
小题1:Germs are________. | A．very small things that you can’t see with your eyes. | | B．the things that don’t effect people. | | C．the things that you can find with your eyes. | | D．the things that are very big. |
小题2:How will you feel if germs go into the finger that is cut? | A．I will feel nothing. | B．I won’t mind. | | C．I will feel tense. | D．I will feel painful. |
小题3:The writer tell us that________.
we like working when we are ill
B. germs can’t live in the water.
C. we can’t feel ill if the environment is bad.
D. we feel well when the environment is good.
小题4:From the passage we know that________.| A．Environment doesn’t affect our life | | B．We don’t need to improve our environment | | C．Germs may make us ill | | D．If the environment is better, germs will be more. |
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答案
小题1:A
小题2:D
小题3:D
小题4:C |
解析
试题分析: 本文大意：大家喜欢生活在干净而舒适的环境里，如果环境很差，会影响我们的身体，使我们感觉不好。微生物使我们生病，它们非常小，你用肉眼不能发现它们，但是你能用显微镜看到它们，如果你割破了手指，一些地板上灰尘会进去，你就伤口里疼，如果微生物进入到身体里，就会全身都疼。
小题1:细节理解题。根据They are very small and you can’t find them with your own eyes, but you can see them with a microscope它们非常小，你用肉眼不能发现它们，但是你能用显微镜看到它们，可知选A
小题2:细节理解题。根据 If you cut your finger, some of the dust from the floor may go into it, and you will have much pain in it. 如果你割破了手指，一些地板上灰尘会进去，你就伤口里疼，可知选D
小题3:细节理解题。根据To keep us healthy, we should try our best to make our environment cleaner and tidier. 为了使我们保持健康，我们应尽力使我们的环境更干净整洁，可知选D
小题4:主旨大意题。根据It’s germs that makes us ill.微生物使我们生病，可知选C |
举一反三
Parents, doctors and teachers want to know how to help children keep healthy. Here are five rules to keep healthy.
Eat different food
If you eat different food, you can get the nutrients(营养) your body needs. You have to eat two kinds of fruits and three kinds of vegetables a day.
Drink water often
When you’re really thirsty, water is the No.1 choice. How much do kids need? If you are older than 12 years old, drink 3 cups a day.
Listen to your body
When you’re eating, notice how your body feels. Sometimes, people eat too much because they don’t notice when they need to stop eating. Eating too much can make you feel uncomfortable.
Limit(限制) screen time
What’s screen time? It’s the time you spend watching TV or using the computer. Try to spend at most two hours a day on the screen.
Be active(积极的)
What activities do you like best? Find ways to be active every day. You can write down lots of things to do, and then you can do them when your parents say it’s time to stop watching TV or playing computer games!
Rules to Keep Healthy
| Eat different food
| You can get小题1: your body needs from different food.
| Drink water often
| It’s best to drink 小题2: when you are really thirsty.
| Listen to your body
| You should notice when to 小题3: . Don’t eat too much.
| Limit screen time
| You should spend no 小题4: than two hours a day on the screen.
| Be active
| Don’t always watch TV or play computer games. Try to find ways to do your小题5:.activities.
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It is interesting to visit another country, there are some questions.When we don’t know the culture very , it may be difficult to talk the people there, we may not know how to do shopping.
In a foreign country, we might（可能）not know where to eat or what to order in a restaurant.It is not easy to decide to tip（付小费）waiters or taxi drivers.When we help, we might not know how to ask for help.It is not happy to have an experience（经历） that.
a short time, then we learn what to do and what to say.We learn life in country, and may be we don’t want
| 小题2: | | A．good | B．well | C．better | D．best |
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| 小题4: | | A．how many | B．how much | C．if | D．which |
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| 小题5: | | A．like | B．needs | C．likes | D．need |
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| 小题7: | | A．When | B．Before | C．After | D．Until |
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| 小题8: | | A．to enjoy | B．played | C．enjoyed | D．play |
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| 小题9: | | A．other | B．each other | C．others | D．another |
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| 小题10: | | A．leave | B．to leave | C．leaving | D．left |
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Smog(雾霾) is a kind of air pollution. It makes the sky look grey and dirty, and its air pollutants(污染物) come from many kinds of natural and manmade sources.
Smog is a big problem for our daily life. In smog weather, many people choose to wear masks (口罩) when they go out. And just because of smog weather, many traffic accidents have happened，many flights are stopped, a lot of people have to stay at home because they think the air is dangerous, and more people with different diseases have to go to see the doctor.
People now see the great danger of the smog and the importance of caring the environment. People all over the country are taking actions. First of all, the laws (法律) must be carried out(执行) strictly. Secondly, it will be better for people to go to work or school with public traffic, such as the bus and subway, instead of the car. What’s more, we should plant more trees.
小题1:What is smog?
A. A kind of water pollution. B. A kind of noise pollution. C. A kind of air pollution.
小题2:In smog weather, what do many people choose to wear?
A. Masks. B. Sweaters. C. Jackets.
小题3:In smog weather, what may happen?
A. There are more people exercising in the park.
B. There are more traffic accidents on the road.
C. Nobody goes to the hospital.
小题4:What can we do to do with smog?
A. Try not to use public traffic.
B. Carry out the laws strictly.
C. Plant fewer trees.
小题5:According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A. Smog makes the sky look terrible.
B. It tells us two ways to protect environment.
C. Taking public traffic is good for the environment. |
It’s in the 2010s.You feel sick, so you go to the doctor. She checks your fever, looks at your throat, and asks what you’ve been thinking about lately. When you leave, she gives you some medicine, but also a list of thinking skills that you are supposed to practice daily. She says that the way you think is causing some of your illness.
Doctors and other scientists who study the human mind and try to explain why people act in the way that they do, called psychologists (心理学家), are starting to believe it. You know that your brain (脑) is connected to every part of your body through your nervous system (神经系统). Now scientists have proved that how you think and feel can have an influence on the health of your body.
Stress is caused whenever there is a problem or a change in your life. Of course, everybody has stress more or less; nobody’s life is perfect. In fact, stress is necessary. Without stress, we would never learn anything or grow or change. We would probably be bored to death. But too much stress can hurt you. It can weaken your body’s protection so that you are more likely to catch diseases. It can even make you more likely to have an accident.
When you feel stressed, your brain sends a message to your body to produce a chemical called adrenaline (肾上腺素). Adrenaline speeds up your breathing and your heartbeat. Today you have a different kind of stress. Problems like endless homework or troubles with your family are the kind of things you can’t fight or run away from, so you don’t use up all that adrenaline. It just stays bottled up inside you, and that’s what can do something bad to you.
What can you do about stress? First, you can try to find ways to change things so you aren’t under so much stress. You can set up a plan to finish homework or go to a doctor or a psychologist to try to work things out with your family or your friends. But sometimes you can’t change a stressful situation. Sometimes you don’t even want to. A big change might be a good change, but it will still be stressful.
The link (关联) between your body and brain works in two ways. Your body can help your mind deal with stress. If you are under stress, you need to take especially good care of your body. It’s important to get enough sleep and eat nutritious (有营养的) meals. Some people take a vitamin-mineral pill every day. Another thing that you can do is daily exercise. If you go walking or do aerobic dancing or work out at the gym (体育馆), you give your body a chance to burn up some of that adrenaline. Of course, a person who isn’t used to much physical activity should start slowly. Anyone with a continuing physical problem should check with a doctor before starting any exercise programs.
小题1:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?| A．You shouldn’t go to the gym if you are under stress. | | B．One can do his homework to burn up adrenaline. | | C．Disease and accidents are caused by stress. | | D．Everyone needs stress to improve himself. |
小题2:From the last sentence of Paragraph 5 we can infer (推断) that _____________.| A．it’s difficult to change a stressful situation | | B．it’s not stressful when a good change takes place | | C．a big change will cause another stressful situation | | D．a stressful situation can’t be changed without any effort |
小题3:What is probably the best title for this passage?| A．The Body-Brain Link | B．The Causes of Stress | | C．The Advice on Health | D．The Nervous System |
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LONDON—Scientists have found an unusual way to prevent our planet from overheating: move it to a cooler spot. All you have to do is to send a few comets (彗星) in the direction of Earth, and its orbit (轨道) will be changed. Our world will then be sent moving into a safer older part of the solar system.
This idea for improving our climate comes from a group of US NASA (美国航空航天局) engineers and American astronomers. They say their plan could add another six billion years to the useful lifetime of our planet—hopefully doubling its working life.
The plan put forward by Dr. Laughlin, and his colleagues Don Korycansky and Fred Adams, needs carefully directing a comet or asteroid (小行星) so that it passes close by our planet and sends some of its gravitational energy (重力势能) to Earth.
“Earth’s orbital speed would increase as a result and we would move to a higher orbit away from the sun,” Laughlin said.
Engineers would then direct their comet so that it passed close to Jupiter (木星) or Saturn(土星). The comet would pick up energy from one of these giant planets. Later its orbit would bring it back to Earth, and the process would be repeated.
In the short term, the plan provides an ideal way to worldwide warming, although the team was actually worried about a much greater danger. The sun is certain to heat up in about a billion years and so “seriously compromise” our biosphere (生物圈)—by cooking us.
That’s why the group decided to try to save Earth.
The plan has one or two worrying sides, however. For a start, space engineers would have to be very careful about how they directed their asteroid or comet towards Earth. The smallest miscalculation (误算) in orbit could fire it straight at Earth—with deadly results.
There is also the question of the moon. As the present issue of Scientific American magazine points out, if Earth was pushed out of its present location, it is “most likely the moon would be stripped (剥离) away from Earth,” it states. This would greatly change our planet’s climate.
小题1:What makes the scientists plan to move Earth?| A．A few comets are moving to the direction of Earth. | | B．Earth’s working life is coming to an end soon. | | C．Earth will become too hot for mankind to keep alive. | | D．The moon is moving farther and farther away from Earth. |
小题2:If the plan is successful, Earth will have a working life of ________ years.| A．12 billion | B．6 billion | C．18 billion | D．24 billion |
小题3:What serious problems might the plan cause according to the passage?| A．The comet might hit Earth and man might lose the moon. | | B．Earth might be moved too far away and man might die because of the coldness. | | C．The comet might hit Jupiter or Saturn and never return to Earth. | | D．Earth’s working life might be greatly shortened. |
小题4:What does the underlined word “compromise” mean?| A．provide | B．benefit (受益) | C．share | D．endanger |
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