Many people run after goals that they hope will make them happy，but happiness is
题型：不详难度：来源：
Many people run after goals that they hope will make them happy，but happiness is not always the final result.So how does one decide which goals will end in personal happiness and which will not？How do the things in life affect personal happiness?
The most important thing is people’s attitude toward life，which can greatly affect their personal levels of happiness and satisfaction with life.
Psychologists have known for some time that optimism is a good way to fight against unhappiness.It’s probably no secret that optimistic people are considered to be much happier people than pessimists.There are specific characteristic features optimists have (pleasant ways of thinking)，that bring them more success，greater health，increased life satisfaction, and other good things.If you became an optimist，it can mean that you became a very happy person，despite your circumstances，and it can actually bring more things into your life to be happy about.“If you are optimistic and you think life is going to get better，it will become a selffulfillment prediction.” says one of the scientists.“Happy people manage to look on the bright side，even if they meet big problems on their way.”
Positive psychologists believe that people can learn how to become happy and that everyone can teach themselves to see a half empty glass as half full.All they have to do is to spend time thinking about all the things that have gone right for them，rather than complaining what has gone badly.But people who are depressed usually think and worry about something that went wrong in the past.
小题1:What can affect people’s personal levels of happiness according to the passage? (No more than 5 words)
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小题2:Why are some people depressed according to the study? (No more than 14 words)
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小题3:How do happy people deal with the big problems in their life? (No more than 8 words)
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小题4:What is the main idea of the passage? (No more than 10 words)
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答案
小题1:People’s attitude toward life.
小题2:(Because) They think and worry about something that went wrong in the past.
小题3:They usually look on the bright side./By looking on the bright side.
小题4:How people’s attitude toward life affect their life./People’s attitude can affect their life./How being optimistic or happy can affect your life./How your outlook on life can affect your life. |
解析
试题分析：现在人们追逐目标希望获得快乐，而实际上，快乐并不是和快乐一起到来的，而是由人们的生活态度决定的。
小题1:细节题：从第二段的句子：The most important thing is people’s attitude toward life，which can greatly affect their personal levels of happiness and satisfaction with life.可知人们对生活的态度决定他们的幸福程度。填People’s attitude toward life.
小题2:细节题：从最后一段的句子：But people who are depressed usually think and worry about something that went wrong in the past.可知有的人感觉压抑是因为他们总是在想担心过去的错误。(Because) They think and worry about something that went wrong in the past.
小题3:细节题：从第三段的句子：“Happy people manage to look on the bright side，even if they meet big problems on their way.”可知快乐的人对于一些大问题也是看到它的好的一面。They usually look on the bright side./By looking on the bright side.
小题4:主旨题：从全篇文章和第二段的句子：The most important thing is people’s attitude toward life，which can greatly affect their personal levels of happiness and satisfaction with life.可知这篇文章讲的是人的态度可以影响人们的生活。How people’s attitude toward life affect their life./People’s attitude can affect their life./How being optimistic or happy can affect your life./How your outlook on life can affect your life. |
举一反三
阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写在横线上（请注意问题后的词数要求）
[1]Perhaps you are an average student with average intelligence. However, you can receive better grades if you want. Yes, even students with average intelligence can be top students without additional work. Here’s how:
[2]Plan your time carefully. Make a list of your weekly tasks. Then make a schedule of your time. Be sure to set aside enough time to complete your normal reading and work assignments. Of course, studying shouldn’t occupy all of the free time on the schedule.
[3]Make good use of your time in class. Listening to what the teacher says in class means less work later. Take notes to help you remember what the teacher says.
[4]Skim before you read. Look over a passage quickly before you begin to read it more carefully. As you preview the material, you get some idea of the content and how it is organized. Later when you begin to read you will recognize less important material and you may skip some of these portions. Skimming helps double your reading speed and improve your comprehension as well.
[5]_____, Go over your notes as soon as you can after class. Review important points mentioned in class as well as points you remain confused. If you know what the teacher will discuss the next day, skim and read that material, too. If you review your notes and textbook regularly, the material will become more meaningful and you will remember it longer. Regular review leads to improved performance on tests.
[6]Develop a good attitude towards tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. The world won’t end if you don’t pass a test, so don’t worry excessively about a single test.
[7]There are other techniques that might help you with your studying. Improving your studying habits will improve your grades.
小题1:What’s the main idea of the passage?(no more than 8 words)
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小题2:What should you do if you fail a test?(no more than 4 words)
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小题3:Please fill in the blank in the fifth paragraph with proper words.(no more than 4 words)
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小题4:According to the passage, how can an average student improve his/her grades?(no more than 6 words)
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小题5:What does the word “it”(line 4, paragraph 5)probably refer to?(no more than 3 words)
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阅读下面短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题（请注意问题后词数要求）。
Poverty today is a major global issue. Although there are all kinds of definitions used to explain it, in simple words, it means the inability of a person to even get his basic needs of food, shelter, clothing, safe drinking water, health and education. Poverty can be found in each and every corner of the world, although the causes may differ from country to country. Given below are the main causes of poverty in the world today.
Overpopulation is one of the main causes behind the threatening of poverty on an individual level as well as a social level. This is simple math: If there are more mouths to feed and less income, definitely much will remain poor.
Another theory which is used as an explanation for poverty is lack of education. If you look at any of the underdeveloped countries, you will find that the level of education there is very low. Lack of education means lack of employment opportunities, thus leading to unemployment coupled with poverty in the future.
Moving away from one’s own homeland to another city or country in search of employment leads to poverty too. It may take these people a lot of time to find jobs. Meanwhile, they live in bad conditions. The cost of living in the city or country is most of the time too high for them.
There may be other causes of poverty like the change in business. For example, in America, a couple of decades ago, heavy industry flourished ,which employed a lot of African-American people. But now, the focus is more on information technology and health care, both of which employ only skilled and trained people. This has led to unemployment among African-Americans.
Poverty has many ill effects on society. That’s why steps should be taken to get rid of it!
小题1:What’s the meaning of the underlined word “flourished” in Paragraph 5?(No more than 5words)
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小题2:Why is overpopulation a cause of poverty today?(No more than 12 words)
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小题3:What’s the situation of education in underdeveloped countries?(No more than 8 words)
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小题4:What does the passage mainly talk about?(No more than 10 words)
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小题5:In your opinion, what’s the most significant cause of poverty today? Please give your reason.(Open)
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阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上（请注意问题后的词数要求）。
[1] People of all ages and races can serve as volunteers. They work in various organizations without pay. Volunteering improves your life and the lives of others. You can meet new people and make a positive difference in the world.
[2] Volunteers generally work with others either as part of a team completing a project or caring for other people such as patients in a nursing home or helping children through an organization such as Big Brothers, Big Sisters. Volunteers should be generally cheerful and easy to work with and have a positive attitude even if things are not satisfactory in their own lives.
[3] Some volunteers organize events or groups of people to work on various projects. Without their good organizational skills, these projects might not happen. For example, if you’re the Parent-Teacher Association President for your school, you will be responsible for organizing the individual committees in your school. If you have good organizational skills, volunteering will become less stressful and you can give back to your community in the way you intended.
[4] Volunteers have to be willing to devote a certain amount of hours each week or month depending on the situation. It is necessary for them to go through testing or training before they begin volunteering. The best volunteers do what they say they’re going to do and show up when they say they’re going to be there unless there are situations beyond their control.
[5] Good volunteers see the good in others, whether it’s the people they’re working with or the people they’re serving. These volunteers generally go beyond what they’re asked to do because they want to get to know the people they’re serving. They go beyond surface relationships by remembering names, information and stories told to them. Volunteers that are healthy and well-balanced will bring that feeling to the environment, and the people they’re helping will be affected.
小题1:What is the best title of the text? (no more than 5 words)
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小题2:List three benefits of being a volunteer mentioned in the text. (no more than 20 words)
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小题3:What must volunteers do before they begin volunteering? (no more than 8 words)
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小题4:Which quality of a volunteer do you think is the most important? Why? (no more than 30 words)
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小题5:How do volunteers respond when they find their life unsatisfactory? (no more than 6 words)
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Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
While contact between adolescents (between the ages of fifteen and nineteen) and their peers (同龄人) is a universal characteristic of all cultures, the nature and the degree of such contact vary a great deal. In American contemporary society, adolescents spend much more time with their peers than with younger children or adults.
This pattern of age segregation(隔离) in American society did not become usual until the beginning of the industrialized society. Changes in the workplace separated children from adults, with adults working and children attending school. The dramatic increase of mothers in the workplace has further contributed to the reduction in the amount of time adolescents spend with adults. School reform efforts during the nineteenth century, which resulted in age-segregated schools and grades, have reduced the amount of time adolescents spend with younger children. Finally, the changes in population are considered a factor that may have contributed to the emergence of adolescent peer culture. From 1955 t0 1975, the adolescent population increased dramatically, from 11 percent t0 20.9 percent. This increase in the number of adolescents might be a contributing factor to the increase in adolescent peer culture in terms of growth in size.
Research supports the view that adolescents spend a great deal of time with their peers. Reed Larson and his colleagues examined adolescents" daily activities and found that they spend more time talking to their friends than engaging in any other activity. In a typical week, high school students will spend twice as much time with their peers as with adults. This gradual withdrawal from adults begins in early adolescence. In sixth grade, adults (excluding parents) account for only 25 percent of adolescent social networks. Another important characteristic of adolescent peer culture is its increasingly autonomous (白治的) function. While childhood peer groups are conducted under the close supervision of parents, adolescent peer groups typically make an effort to escape adult supervision and usually succeed in doing so.
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)
小题1:"This pattern of age segregation" refers to the phenomenon that adolescents segregate themselves from
小题2:Besides changes in the workplace, are the other two factors contributing to adolescent peer culture.
小题3:When do adolescents start to spend less time with adults?
小题4:How do adolescent peer groups differ from childhood peer groups? |
There is an old saying about volunteer work that goes like this: "No one can do everything, but everyone can do something."
Today, many people volunteer their time and energy to help others. There are a lot of ways to meet other people"s needs, and it seems there is a volunteer group for everything. Some provide education, while others offer adventure. Many do both. For example, some volunteers provide emergency help after a catastrophic event or disaster. Others are happy to get dirty while repairing homes or planting trees or flowers in poor neighborhoods. Young people see suffering and loneliness around them and find ways to help. And history lovers help archeologists search for ancient objects to help deepen knowledge of the past.
The volunteers also work in many areas around the world, including Haiti. More than two years have passed since a seven point zero earthquake shook the nation. The exact number of people who died may never be known. Estimates gave numbers from ninety five thousand to more than three hundred thousand.
Thousands of survivors of the Haitian earthquake still live in temporary shelters. Last year, former American President Jimmy Carter and his wife Rosalynn joined five hundred Habitat volunteers in the town of Leogane to build houses.
Organizations do not have to be large to get volunteers. An activist group in Dharamsala, India is a good example. Jodie Underhill from England arrived in northern India several years ago. She planned to volunteer for an environmental project. She found a lot to do there. She could hardly believe how much garbage was ruining some of the area"s most beautiful sights. Miss Underhill learned about _______________________ while taking part in other volunteer projects. But soon enough she formed her own group, Mountain Cleaners. Miss Underhill says the work is very hard and the Indian media started calling her "Garbage Girl." But she says she was pleased with the name.
小题1:What does the passage mainly talk about? (no more than 8 words)
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小题2:What does the underlined word “both” (Line 3, paragraph 2) probably refer to? (no more than 3 words)
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小题3:What did former American President Jimmy Carter do as a volunteer? (no more than 8 words)
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小题4:Fill in the blank in paragraph 4 with proper words. (no more than 5 words)
Miss Underhill learned about __________________ while taking part in other volunteer projects.
小题5:What kind of volunteer jobs do you want to join? And why? (no more than 20 words)
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