阅读下面短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题（请注意问题后词数要求）。Poverty today is a major global issue. Althoug
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阅读下面短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题（请注意问题后词数要求）。
Poverty today is a major global issue. Although there are all kinds of definitions used to explain it, in simple words, it means the inability of a person to even get his basic needs of food, shelter, clothing, safe drinking water, health and education. Poverty can be found in each and every corner of the world, although the causes may differ from country to country. Given below are the main causes of poverty in the world today.
Overpopulation is one of the main causes behind the threatening of poverty on an individual level as well as a social level. This is simple math: If there are more mouths to feed and less income, definitely much will remain poor.
Another theory which is used as an explanation for poverty is lack of education. If you look at any of the underdeveloped countries, you will find that the level of education there is very low. Lack of education means lack of employment opportunities, thus leading to unemployment coupled with poverty in the future.
Moving away from one’s own homeland to another city or country in search of employment leads to poverty too. It may take these people a lot of time to find jobs. Meanwhile, they live in bad conditions. The cost of living in the city or country is most of the time too high for them.
There may be other causes of poverty like the change in business. For example, in America, a couple of decades ago, heavy industry flourished ,which employed a lot of African-American people. But now, the focus is more on information technology and health care, both of which employ only skilled and trained people. This has led to unemployment among African-Americans.
Poverty has many ill effects on society. That’s why steps should be taken to get rid of it!
小题1:What’s the meaning of the underlined word “flourished” in Paragraph 5?(No more than 5words)
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小题2:Why is overpopulation a cause of poverty today?(No more than 12 words)
________________________________________________________________________.
小题3:What’s the situation of education in underdeveloped countries?(No more than 8 words)
________________________________________________________________________.
小题4:What does the passage mainly talk about?(No more than 10 words)
________________________________________________________________________.
小题5:In your opinion, what’s the most significant cause of poverty today? Please give your reason.(Open)
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答案
小题1:developed（quickly）（ 形式及时态错不给分）
小题2:Because there’re more mouths to feed and less income.
小题3:The level of education is very low.
小题4:Main causes of poverty in the world today.
小题5:Lack of education. People without good education can’t adapt to society, so they’re much likely to suffer from poverty. （答案可不同） |
解析
试题分析：文章主要分析了贫穷的原因：人口太多，教育太低等都是贫穷的原因。
小题1:猜词题。根据本句For example, in America, a couple of decades ago, heavy industryflourished, which employed a lot of African-American people. 可知很多年前，美国的重工业发展很快，雇佣了很多的工人。故该词是指迅速发展。
小题2:细节题。根据第二段最后一句If there are more mouths to feed and less income, definitely much will remain poor. 人口过度增长是今天贫穷的一个原因是因为要吃饭的嘴多了，收入少了，所以肯定会穷了。
小题3:细节题。根据第三段第2句If you look at any of the underdeveloped countries, you will find that the level of education there is very low.可知欠发达国家的教育形势是教育水平是很低的。
小题4:主旨大意题。从第一段的最后一句话：Given below are the main causes of poverty in the world today.可知文章主要分析了贫穷的原因：人口太多，教育太低等都是贫穷的原因。
小题5:本题要求考生给出自己认为的贫穷的原因，不同的人观点不同。建议把教育水平低当成贫穷的主要原因。Lack of education. People without good education can’t adapt to society, so they’re much likely to suffer from poverty. （答案可不同） |
举一反三
阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上（请注意问题后的词数要求）。
[1] People of all ages and races can serve as volunteers. They work in various organizations without pay. Volunteering improves your life and the lives of others. You can meet new people and make a positive difference in the world.
[2] Volunteers generally work with others either as part of a team completing a project or caring for other people such as patients in a nursing home or helping children through an organization such as Big Brothers, Big Sisters. Volunteers should be generally cheerful and easy to work with and have a positive attitude even if things are not satisfactory in their own lives.
[3] Some volunteers organize events or groups of people to work on various projects. Without their good organizational skills, these projects might not happen. For example, if you’re the Parent-Teacher Association President for your school, you will be responsible for organizing the individual committees in your school. If you have good organizational skills, volunteering will become less stressful and you can give back to your community in the way you intended.
[4] Volunteers have to be willing to devote a certain amount of hours each week or month depending on the situation. It is necessary for them to go through testing or training before they begin volunteering. The best volunteers do what they say they’re going to do and show up when they say they’re going to be there unless there are situations beyond their control.
[5] Good volunteers see the good in others, whether it’s the people they’re working with or the people they’re serving. These volunteers generally go beyond what they’re asked to do because they want to get to know the people they’re serving. They go beyond surface relationships by remembering names, information and stories told to them. Volunteers that are healthy and well-balanced will bring that feeling to the environment, and the people they’re helping will be affected.
小题1:What is the best title of the text? (no more than 5 words)
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小题2:List three benefits of being a volunteer mentioned in the text. (no more than 20 words)
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小题3:What must volunteers do before they begin volunteering? (no more than 8 words)
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小题4:Which quality of a volunteer do you think is the most important? Why? (no more than 30 words)
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小题5:How do volunteers respond when they find their life unsatisfactory? (no more than 6 words)
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Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
While contact between adolescents (between the ages of fifteen and nineteen) and their peers (同龄人) is a universal characteristic of all cultures, the nature and the degree of such contact vary a great deal. In American contemporary society, adolescents spend much more time with their peers than with younger children or adults.
This pattern of age segregation(隔离) in American society did not become usual until the beginning of the industrialized society. Changes in the workplace separated children from adults, with adults working and children attending school. The dramatic increase of mothers in the workplace has further contributed to the reduction in the amount of time adolescents spend with adults. School reform efforts during the nineteenth century, which resulted in age-segregated schools and grades, have reduced the amount of time adolescents spend with younger children. Finally, the changes in population are considered a factor that may have contributed to the emergence of adolescent peer culture. From 1955 t0 1975, the adolescent population increased dramatically, from 11 percent t0 20.9 percent. This increase in the number of adolescents might be a contributing factor to the increase in adolescent peer culture in terms of growth in size.
Research supports the view that adolescents spend a great deal of time with their peers. Reed Larson and his colleagues examined adolescents" daily activities and found that they spend more time talking to their friends than engaging in any other activity. In a typical week, high school students will spend twice as much time with their peers as with adults. This gradual withdrawal from adults begins in early adolescence. In sixth grade, adults (excluding parents) account for only 25 percent of adolescent social networks. Another important characteristic of adolescent peer culture is its increasingly autonomous (白治的) function. While childhood peer groups are conducted under the close supervision of parents, adolescent peer groups typically make an effort to escape adult supervision and usually succeed in doing so.
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)
小题1:"This pattern of age segregation" refers to the phenomenon that adolescents segregate themselves from
小题2:Besides changes in the workplace, are the other two factors contributing to adolescent peer culture.
小题3:When do adolescents start to spend less time with adults?
小题4:How do adolescent peer groups differ from childhood peer groups? |
There is an old saying about volunteer work that goes like this: "No one can do everything, but everyone can do something."
Today, many people volunteer their time and energy to help others. There are a lot of ways to meet other people"s needs, and it seems there is a volunteer group for everything. Some provide education, while others offer adventure. Many do both. For example, some volunteers provide emergency help after a catastrophic event or disaster. Others are happy to get dirty while repairing homes or planting trees or flowers in poor neighborhoods. Young people see suffering and loneliness around them and find ways to help. And history lovers help archeologists search for ancient objects to help deepen knowledge of the past.
The volunteers also work in many areas around the world, including Haiti. More than two years have passed since a seven point zero earthquake shook the nation. The exact number of people who died may never be known. Estimates gave numbers from ninety five thousand to more than three hundred thousand.
Thousands of survivors of the Haitian earthquake still live in temporary shelters. Last year, former American President Jimmy Carter and his wife Rosalynn joined five hundred Habitat volunteers in the town of Leogane to build houses.
Organizations do not have to be large to get volunteers. An activist group in Dharamsala, India is a good example. Jodie Underhill from England arrived in northern India several years ago. She planned to volunteer for an environmental project. She found a lot to do there. She could hardly believe how much garbage was ruining some of the area"s most beautiful sights. Miss Underhill learned about _______________________ while taking part in other volunteer projects. But soon enough she formed her own group, Mountain Cleaners. Miss Underhill says the work is very hard and the Indian media started calling her "Garbage Girl." But she says she was pleased with the name.
小题1:What does the passage mainly talk about? (no more than 8 words)
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小题2:What does the underlined word “both” (Line 3, paragraph 2) probably refer to? (no more than 3 words)
_____________________________________________________________
小题3:What did former American President Jimmy Carter do as a volunteer? (no more than 8 words)
_____________________________________________________________
小题4:Fill in the blank in paragraph 4 with proper words. (no more than 5 words)
Miss Underhill learned about __________________ while taking part in other volunteer projects.
小题5:What kind of volunteer jobs do you want to join? And why? (no more than 20 words)
_____________________________________________________________ |
阅读下面短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Ecotourism is one of the fastest growing sectors in tourism． More and more of us are becoming concerned about the effects we are having on the destinations we choose, as well as the world around us． Some of us are choosing more green modes of transport to get there instead of flying, and some of us are choosing to visit greener destinations． India is one of the best places for ecotourism, and with the destinations below you can be sure that you’ll not only be protecting the earth, but giving something back to the area too．
Kerala, more commonly known as “God’s Own Country”, is a beautiful state on the southern tip of India． It’s a biologically diverse area, with many unique animal species, and almost 2,500 plant species in its tropical forests—that’s nearly a quarter of all India’s plant groups． In the past, though the forests in this area were much cleared, today they are well protected． There are plenty of wildlife reserves where you can see some of these unique animals．
With tourism developing in the area and money brought in, more attention can be given to protecting its plants and animals, ensuring that the people in the area have a better quality of life．
Arunachal Pradesh, situated on the most northern tip of India, is a resort for the more adventurous． With dry, desert heat in the summer and a snowfall best avoided in the winter, this area is less about greenery, and more about stunning desert landscapes． When visiting this amazing area, you"ll be promoting locals earning income from their surroundings, encouraging them to make the most of them and preserve them, as well as gradually increasing their quality of life．
As a north Indian province, Ladakh supports much rare and even endangered plants and animals, which can be seen at Hemis High Altitude National Park． There are also many Tibetan monasteries, including the Hemis Monastery, to visit in the area．
小题1:Why do people regard Kerala as a biologically diverse area? （no more than 15 words）
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小题2:What’s the author’s attitude towards the tourist industry in Kerala? （no more than 6 words）
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小题3:What can the tourists enjoy in Arunachal Pradesh despite much hardship? （ no more than 4 words）
____________________________________________________________________
小题4:According to the passage, where would you like to go if you intend to study some endangered animals and plants? （no more than 7 words）
____________________________________________________________________
小题5:What is the passage mainly talking about? （no more than 6 words）
____________________________________________________________________ |
阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上（请注意问题后的词数要求）。
[1]Oops! In your rush to get to school, you drop a piece of toast on the floor. Do you throw it away or decide it’s still OK to eat? If you’re like most people, you eat it. Maybe you follow the “5-second rule”, which claims foods are safe to eat, if you pick them up within 5 seconds of dropping them. But you might want to think again. Scientists now say that 5 seconds are all it takes for foods to become contaminated with enough bacteria to make you sick.
[2]Bacteria can cause many kinds of illnesses. Some kinds of bacteria can grow on food. If we eat foods on which these bacteria are growing, we can become sick. One of these food-borne bacteria is Salmonella. It makes 1.4 million people sick every year. Earlier this year, 370 people became sick after eating peanut butter that had been contaminated with Salmonella at the manufacturing factory. Salmonella are often found in raw eggs and chicken. Cooking kills these bacteria, which is why it is so important to cook eggs, chicken, and other foods carefully.
[3]Being a good housekeeper is another good way to prevent infection. If household surfaces aren’t washed thoroughly, they can support Salmonella for weeks. A team of scientists at Clemson University in South Carolina have tested the 5-second rule, using sandwich ingredients. First, they placed a known amount of Salmonella cells on three surfaces: wood, tile, and carpet. They then placed a slice of bread and a slice of bologna(博洛尼亚大红肠) on each surface for 5, 30, or 60 seconds. After just 5 seconds, both the bread and bologna picked up enough bacteria to make you sick.
[4]So forget the 5-second rule. If your toast lands on the floor, throw it away. Stick a fresh slice of bread in the toaster. And this time, be careful not to drop it!
小题1:What is the “5-second rule” mentioned in the first paragraph? (no more than 18 words)
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小题2:Why is it important for us to cook food carefully?(no more than 5 words)
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小题3:What advice is given to prevent infection in the last paragraph? (no more than 10 words)
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小题4:Why did the scientists at Clemson University carry out that test? (no more than 15 words.)
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小题5:What is the author’s attitude towards the 5-second rule? (one word)
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