DEllen Swallow Richards was the first woman to earn a bachelor’s degree from Mas
题型：不详难度：来源：
D
Ellen Swallow Richards was the first woman to earn a bachelor’s degree from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). A chemist, social activist, teacher, and first woman member of the Institute of Engineering, she believed that housekeeping was a science. As a progressive thinker at the time, she thought that women needed to learn about money matters and have up-to-date information on cleanliness and nutrition. She encouraged women from all backgrounds to get the best education possible.
Ellen was born in 1842 and was brought up in Massachusetts. A graduate of Vassar College in New York, she returned to New England to attend MIT. After her marriage to Professor Robert Richards, she worked in a laboratory at MIT, examining pollution of water sources in Massachusetts. Her work led to the creation of the first food-inspection (检验) laws of that state. She was instructor at MIT from 1884 until her death in 1911.
Like other progressive thinkers of the time, Ellen was worried about problems of the poor and the effect of the environment on society. She considered the environment a key factor in quality of life. Within the family, as in the world at large, science was chief in tools used to help the poor. Science could help to manage money matters, keep a home safe and clean, and improve quality of life. Food properly cooked could be tasty, nutritious, and inexpensive. Better and cheaper food could protect the health and improve the lives of working-class families.
Ellen created the science of housekeeping, now called home economics, and elevated（提升）it to a serious college subject. She worked tirelessly as a national leader in developing standards, materials, and teacher training for this new field. Her publications cover many subjects—from the chemistry of cooking and cleaning to the cost of living.
57. According to the text, Ellen __________.
A. provided new jobs for the poor B. helped to create new kinds of food
C. set up the field of home economics D. created the ideas of food-inspection laws
58. As a progressive thinker, Ellen __________.
A. suggested people cook their own meals at home
B. believed cheap food was better than expensive one
C. advised women to get the best education possible
D. considered money matters a key factor in quality of life
59. Ellen believed that __________.
A. poor families knew how to manage money
B. families were well informed about good nutrition
C. cheaper food could not protect people’s health
D. families spent much on food but were not well nourished
60. One can infer that, as a result of the efforts of people such as Ellen, __________.
A. one may study home economics at a university for a career
B. the pollution of water sources is no longer a problem
C. most people today learn to cook at school
D. science does not help much within the family as in the world |
答案
57---60 CCDA |
解析
| 略 |
举一反三
第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从下框的A—F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。| A．Environment protection | | B．Driving experience | | C．Self – driving | | D．Safety |
E. Computing and communications
F. Wireless communications
61．Today, the Internet is in a few cars; tomorrow, broadband (宽带) will be in all of them. Any capability a personal computer has, a car will have, including two – way wireless communications for receiving e – mail, music, and movies. When you’re crossing the lonely place, the kids can watch TV if they’re bored. Every passenger will have a video feed.
62． Every car will have a self – driving system linked to GPS satellites. Radar sensors (传感器) will track nearby cars. On the freeway, they’ll slow your car when the car ahead of you slows; in town, they’ll help you park without hitting other cars. At rush hour, you’ll get the routes around traffic jams and accidents. The self – driving system in a car makes it possible for the car to drive itself, though some scientists say that’s 30 to 40 years off.
63． Motor vehicles today represent 20 to 30 percent of the world’s energy use. In the near future, a small gasoline engine and an electric motor will be brought together. Drivers will use electricity in a storage battery for short distances. Longer term, cars might burn hydrogen or use a fuel cell that converts a fuel like hydrogen and combines it with oxygen to create power. Then the waste will be pure water.
64． You’ll use the voice control: “Make it a bit cooler” or “find me country music”. Lighter, more reliable electronic controls replace mechanical controls. Fiber optics (光纤) replace electrical wires and light bulbs. Seats will be air – conditioned. The car will travel with one side higher than the other when turning, just as an airplane does now.
65． Cars will avoid some accidents by maintaining safe following distances, and by sensing sleepy or drunk drivers. Air bags will adapt for every passenger according to their size, weight, and position in case accidents happen. |
II．语言知识及应用（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从2l~30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One evening I made a trip to the grocery store (杂货店). As I 21 the room I noticed a man off to the side with a small cardboard 22 that read something to the effect : “Needing change for a hot meal.”
I also 23 several people passing him by with little more than a glance. He looked to be a traveler and seemed to be very humbled at having to ask of others. I too walked on by, but with a seed of a (n) 24 planted in my mind. I went to the far back of the grocery store where they offered the only thing I could think of that would be 25 . I bought him a couple slices of pizza and immediately went back outside to 26 it to him. I told him that it wasn’t much but it was the 27 think they had that was hot. I smiled 28 and turned to walk away and as I did he smiled back with a deep 29 and let out a very soft “thank you”. That look was worth ten times more to me than what I had been able to offer him, and it was a look I won’t 30 .
21．A．knocked at B．closed C．left D．entered
22．A．sign B．signal C．notice D．advertisement
23．A．inquired B．noticed C．begged D．stared
24．A．dream B．game C．idea D．trick
25．A．cheap B．hot C．delicious D．warm
26．A．show B．award C．deliver D．offer
27．A．only B．very C．same D．exact
28．A．secretly B．Shyly C．gently D．broadly
29．A．shyness B．curiosity C．surprise D．appreciation
30．A．forget B．forgive C．treasure D．Doubt |
第二节 信息匹配（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。
以下是美国某报纸所提供的几种服务机构及其服务范畴。
A．Vista’s Enrichment Program Helps Shay Find Role Models and Alter Bad Attitudes. At a time when arts education is disappearing in public schools, Vista’s enrichment programs are thriving, providing residents and students valuable outlets for creativity, allowing them to express themselves, boosting their self – esteem, and helping them to heal.
B．The Child Car Program is a comprehensive program combining child care, child development services, mental health services, and family support services to income eligible families. Child care is provided in a network of 20 State licensed family child care homes located in the Hollywood and Mid – Wiltshire areas. The program enables low – income parents to work or attend school or job training programs, thus supporting and enhancing parent / family self – sufficiency and self – esteem.
C．The Family Project is a prevention and treatment program for families with young children and their siblings who are at – risk for child abuse and neglect. Clinicians make weekly home visits to provide counseling / family therapy, parent education, child development guidance, family support services, mental health services, and case management.
D．The Teen Parent Project serves pregnant and parenting teens at local high schools by providing a combination of education, case management, and counseling. The Teen Project is designed to help students stay in school, be good parents to their children, and avoid continued involvement in high – risk behaviors.
E．Family Service of Santa Monica, Home SAFE. Julia Ann Singer Center, Reiss – Davis Child Study Center and Vista Del Mar Child and Family Services – are always looking for caring dedicated professionals to be part of a team that truly makes a difference in the lives of troubled children. For students pursuing degrees in family / child oriented psychotherapy, Vista Del Mar also offers a Family Therapy Internship Program
F．Community Services – We’re here to assist you in growing your Family through Adoption. Vista Del Mar’s adoption services, established in 1948, is one of country’s largest, state licensed, private, non – profit adoption services. We help over 200 children each year find a permanent home through Domestic, International and Foster Adoption opportunities.
以下是寻求服务的人员，请匹配人物与他们所需要的服务机构。
56．Anderson is a firefighter while his wife is a cleaner．They are too busy to look after their two—year-old daughter so they look for someone else with child．care experience to look after her, but they are not well．paid．
57．John is a high school student who lacks confidence．He is very tamed and always fellow others，but he never tries to create anything new, because he believe he himself is low in ability．Now, his parents desire to find role models to inspire him．
58．Charles got married 5 years ago However, his wife lost the ability of giving birth after an accident Now’ they want badly to adopt a child to color their life.
59．Catherine is a girl of 16 studying in a high school of Ohio As a single mother of a two-year-old child，she is suffering from high pressure How she regrets her risk behavior in the past Now, she needs others to teach her to be a good parent as well as give her some advice on coping with different affairs
60．James was born in a low—class family His father is always drunken and beats him while his mother can do nothing but complain．Though is eager to receive a good education but is given no chance to go to school. He hopes to live in a harmonious family where he is cared and respected．He longs for help．
人物 服务机构
56．Anderson A．Vista’s Enrichment Program
57．John B．The Child Care Program
58．Charles C．The Family Project
59．Catherine D．The Teen Parent Project
60．James E．Family Service Of Santa Monica
F．Community Services |
第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中,选出最佳选项。并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。
I lived in Dallas, Texas nearly all my life with my mom, dad and older sister. We were 21 to respect others, value education, and get all that we could out of life. My parents always say, “ 22 hard and the world is yours.” They are never without a 23 word of advice or a bit of encouragement when life gets tough.
My parents always 24 me to go to college. However, when I 25 at 16 years old that I’d rather get married to a man than go to college, they 26 stopped telling me they loved me and I could do anything I wanted to. 27 , they persuaded me. I graduated from high school and currently 28 the University of Oklahoma studying medicine. I want to make the 29 a better place to live in.
Every time I call home to tell them about a 30 I received in Chemistry Lab or Microeconomics or 31 class it is that I’m working hardest for at the moment, they tell me how 32 of me they are. I know there are college kids out there that have no one to call home to when they get an “A” on a project and I feel incredibly 33 to have my parents.
Don’t get me wrong: We’ve had our share of 34 . I was the angry teenager and they were the awful 35 that wouldn’t let me stay out all night or let me get my tongue pierced. But somehow, we 36 to work through those issues. They never 37 loving in me or believing in me.
I 38 everything I am to my parents. Without their constant love and 39 , I wouldn’t believe I can change the world. My parents taught me to always 40 for what I believe in. So I’m working toward something really great and can only hope I continue to make them proud.
21. A. brought B. introduced C. raised D. produced
22. A. Educate B. Work C. Train D. Practise
23. A. helpful B. harmful C. stressful D. meaningful
24. A. reminded B. expected C. supposed D. designed
25. A. hesitated B. judged C. fixed D. decided
26. A. never B. ever C. seldom D. hardly
27. A. Carefully B. Hopefully C. Thankfully D. Delightfully
28. A. serve B. attend C. admit D. join
29. A. fortune B. planet C. universe D. world
30. A. grade B. problem C. failure D. value
31. A. whenever B. wherever C. whichever D. however
32. A. modest B. proud C. ashamed D. nervous
33. A. annoyed B. praised C. relaxed D. blessed
34. A. lessons B. problems C. moments D. experiences
35. A. teachers B. directors C. couples D. parents
36. A. managed B. attempted C. succeeded D. conducted
37. A. concluded B. began C. prevented D. stopped
38. A. pay B. owe C. own D. spend
39. A. agreement B. excitement C. encouragement D. statement
40. A. fight B. look C. defend D. protect |
第二部分: 阅读理解(第一节20小题, 每小题2分; 第二节5小题；每小题2分，满分50分)
第一节：阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项标号涂黑。
A
John Blanchard was studying the crowd making their way through the station. He was looking for the girl with a rose whose heart he knew, but whose face he didn’t.
When reading a book in a Florida library a year before, John became interested not in the contents of the book, but in the notes penciled in the margin. The handwriting reflected a thoughtful soul and beautiful mind. He discovered the former owner"s name in the front of the book: Miss Hollis Maynell.
He located her address and wrote a letter introducing himself. The next day he was shipped overseas to serve in the army. During the next year, they grew to know each other through the mail and their friendship developed. John requested a photograph, but she refused, saying if he really cared, it wouldn"t matter what she looked like. When the day finally came for him to return home, their first meeting was suggested — 7:00 p.m. at the Grand Central Station in New York.
She wrote, “You’ll recognize me by the red rose I wear on my coat.” So now John was in the station to meet the girl with a rose.
As a pretty and slim girl in green came over, John noticed her blue eyes like flowers in spring. He walked directly towards her, entirely forgetting she was not wearing a rose. As John came closer to her, he saw another woman with a red rose stood nearby. Well past 40, this woman had graying hair done under a worn hat. Seeing the girl in green walk quickly away, John felt as if he were split in two. He desired to follow that girl, but longed for the woman whose spirit had truly companioned and supported him.
The woman looked gentle and sensible. John went to her, saying, “I’m Captain John Blanchard. You must be Miss Maynell. I am glad to meet you here. May I take you to dinner?”
She replied with a smile, “I don’t know what this is about. But the lady in green who just went by, begged me to wear this rose on my coat. She said if you asked me out to dinner, I’d tell you she is waiting for you in the big restaurant across the street. She said it was some kind of test!”
41. John was eager to know the former owner of the book because he______.
A. was very interested in the contents of the book
B. was impressed by the notes written by its owner
C. wanted to improve his handwriting
D. wanted to discuss the book with her
42. What happened to John after getting in touch with Miss Hollis Maynell?
A. He served in the army abroad. B. He went overseas for vacation.
C. He went on a business trip in New York. D. He visited Miss Maynell.
43. What do we know about the woman with a rose?
A. She was Miss Maynell’s close friend. B. She was a waitress in the big restaurant.
C. She was probably a passerby. D. She was paid to meet John at the Station.
44. Which would be the best title of the text?
A. An Interesting Book B. A Woman With a Rose
C. A Brave Soldier D. A Love Test |
最新试题
热门考点