Science can"t explain the power of pets, but many studies have shown that the co
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Science can"t explain the power of pets, but many studies have shown that the company of pets can help lower blood pressure and raise chances of recovering from a heart attack, reduce loneliness and spread all-round good cheer.
Any owner will tell you how much joy a pet brings. For some, an animal provides more comfort than a husband/wife. A 2002 study by Karen Allen of the State University of New York measured stress(紧张) levels and blood pressure in people—half of them pet owners—while they performed 5 minutes of mental arithmetic(心算) or held a hand in ice water. Subjects completed the tasks alone, with a husband/wife, a close friend or with a pet. People with pets did it best. Those tested with their animal friends had smaller change in blood pressure and returned most quick to base line heart rates. With pets in the room, people also made fewer math mistakes than when doing in front of other companions. It seems people feel more relaxed around pets, says Allen, who thinks it may be because pets don"t judge
A study reported last fall suggests that having a pet dog not only raises your spirits but may also have an effect on your eating habits. Researchers at Northwestern Memorial Hospital spent a year studying 36 fat people and their equally fat dogs on diet-and-exercise programs; a separate group of 56 people without pets were put on a diet program. On average, people lost about 11 pounds, or 5% of their body weight. Dog owners didn"t lose any more weight than those without dogs but, say researchers, got more exercise overall—mostly with their dogs—and found it worth doing.
小题1:The underlined word “subjects” refers to ______.| A．what students learned at school | | B．people that were studied | | C．those who had pets with them | | D．those people without pets |
小题2:A person with heart disease has a better chance of getting well if _______.| A．he has a pet companion | | B．he has less stress of work | | C．he often does mental arithmetic | | D．he is taken care of by his family |
小题3:Why did the people do better with pets around when facing stressful tasks?| A．They have lower blood pressure. | | B．They become more patient. | | C．They are less nervous. | | D．They are in higher spirits. |
小题4:The research mentioned in the last paragraph reports that ________.| A．people with dogs did more exercise | | B．dogs lost the same weight as people did | | C．dogs liked exercise much more than people did | | D．people without dogs found the program unhelpful |
小题5:What does the text mainly discuss?| A．What pets bring to their owners. | | B．How pets help people calm down. | | C．People"s opinions of keeping pets. | | D．Pet"s value in medical research. |
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答案
小题1:B
小题2:A
小题3:C
小题4:A
小题5:A |
解析
试题分析：本文就是关于养宠物的好处，科学不能解释宠物的力量，但很多研究都表明有了宠物的陪伴(company of pets)，可以帮我们降低血压和恢复心脏功能，并且减少我们的孤独感。宠物不仅能调节你的精神而且还能改善你的饮食习惯。
小题1:词义猜测题。根据上下文可知受试者完成了任务，故选B。
小题2:细节理解题。根据the company of pets can help lower blood pressure and raise chances of recovering from a heart attack, reduce loneliness and spread all-round good cheer.
有宠物陪伴可以降低血压，提高、心脏病恢复的几率，减少孤独感和传播快乐。故选 A。
小题3:细节理解题。根据It seems people feel more relaxed around pets, 和宠物在一起人们感到更加的放松。故选C。
小题4:细节理解题。根据Dog owners didn"t lose any more weight than those without dogs but, say researchers, got more exercise overall—mostly with their dogs—and found it worth doing. 虽然养狗的主人的体重没有多大变化，但是却比没有养狗的人得到更多的锻炼，因为是和他们的狗在一起，他们认为很值得。故选A。
小题5:主旨大意题。根据首段，很多研究表明，宠物可以降低血压，提高、心脏病恢复的几率，减少孤独感和传播快乐。故选A。
点评：主旨大意题要识别和理解主题句，可迅速准确地抓住短文的中心思想，从而把握住全篇的主要内容。在确定文章的主旨思想时，选项的内容既不能太具体也不能太笼统。在选择和确定主旨思想时，题中给出的四个选择项往往都是事实，要求考生从中选出最能概括文章主旨思想的一项作为正确答案。在这方面考生容易犯以下两种错误：一种是把主题的一部分看成是文章的“主旨思想”，这样选择的“主旨思想”太具体，不能准确地概括出整个文章或段落的主旨思想。另一种是在表达作者的主旨思想时，词语概括的范围太大，太笼统，超出了作者的本意。 |
举一反三
阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上（请注意问题后的词数要求）。
The 2012 Nobel Prize for Literature was awarded to Mo Yan for his writing that mixes folk tales, history and the modern events with hallucinatory realism（魔幻现实主义）, the Swedish Academy announced.
The 57-year-old is the first Chinese resident to win the prize. Only one other Chinese-language writer has won the Nobel Prize for Literature. Gao Zingjian was honored in 2000. However, he is a French citizen.
Mr Mo said he was “overjoyed and scared” when he learned he had won the award. He will receive his Nobel diploma, a medal and more than one million dollars at a ceremony in Stockholm in December.
China is celebrating the victory of this native son. Minutes after the award was announced, millions of Chinese expressed pleasure and pride for Mo Yan on social media websites. Senior CPC leader Li Changchun has congratulated Mo Yan on winning the 2012 Nobel Literature Prize. Li says in a letter to the China Writers Association that Mo’s winning of the prize reflects the prosperity and progress of the Chinese literature.
His real name is Guan Moye. Mo Yan means “Don’t Speak.” The writer said he chose the name to remember to stop his tongue from getting him in trouble. Mo Yan’s novel Red Sorghum first became a cable hit on the big screen both at home and abroad in 1987. The film was directed by Zhang Yimou and marked the acting start of Gong Li.
As a productive author, Mo has published dozens of short stories, with his first work published in 1981. Mo Yan’s other major works include Big Breasts and Wide Hips, Republic of Wine and Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out.
小题1:What is the main characteristic of his works? (No more than 13 words)
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小题2:How did Mo Yan feel when he was informed of the winning news? (No more than 5 words)
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小题3:Why did he name himself Mo Yan? (No more than 9 words)
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小题4:Please explain the underlined phrase “became a cable hit” in English. (No more than 5 words)
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小题5:What does Mo Yan’s winning of the Nobel Literature Prize show? (No more than 10 words)
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Students who date (约会）in middle school have significantly worse study skills, are four times more likely to drop out of school and report twice as much alcohol and tobacco use than their single classmates, according to new research from the University of Georgia.
"Romantic relationships are a trademark of adolescence，but very few studies have examined how adolescents differ in the development of these relationships," said Pamela Orpinas，study author and professor in the College of Public Health and head of the Department of Health Promotion and Behavior.
Orpinas followed a group of 624 students over a seven-year period from 6th to 12th grade.
Each year, the group of students completed a survey indicating whether they had dated and reported the frequency of different behaviors, including the use of drugs and alcohol. Their teachers completed questionnaires (调查表）about the students* academic efforts. He found some students never or hardly ever reported dating from middle to high school, and these students had consistently the best study skills according to their teachers. Other students dated infrequently in middle school but increased the frequency of dating in high school.
"At all points in time, teachers rated the students who reported the lowest frequency of dating as having the best study skills and the students with the highest dating as having the worst study skills,"1 according to the journal article. Study skills refer to behaviors that lead to academic success such as doing work for extra credit being well organized, finishing homework, working hard and reading assigned chapters.
"Dating a classmate may have the same emotional complications of dating a co-worker," Orpinas said, "when the couple break up. they have to continue to see each other in class and perhaps witness the ex-partner dating someone else. It is reasonable to think this could be linked to depression and divert (转移）attention from studying.”
4tDating should not be considered a ceremony of growth in middle school，”Orpinas concluded.
小题1:According to the passage, students who date in middle school may_____| A．have poorer academic performances | | B．be more likely to hurl others | | C． enjoy better school lives | | D．are less likely to use alcohol and tobacco |
小题2:When doing his study, Orpinas_____.| A． followed a group of students of 6th and 12th grade | | B． completed a survey and a report each year | | C． completed questionnaires about the students’ academic efforts | | D． found that the students’ study skills have connection with their frequency of dating |
小题3:Study skills may include the following behaviors and qualities Except_____| A．being diligent | B．bcing well organized | | C． being kind and helpful | D．finishing assigned schoolwork |
小题4:What can possibly happen to the school couples after they break up?| A． They don’t want to see each other any longer. | | B． Their attention to studying will be affected. | | C． They will miss their ex-partners sometimes | | D． They will think it，s reasonable Io get depressed. |
小题5:Orpinas’ attitude towards dating in middle school is_____| A．supportive | B．positive | C．negative | D．indifferent |
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It’s really a tough job for automakers doing marketing and sales in China, where competition is acute and customers have little loyalty. They have tried a range of tricks in recent years.
But there should be a moral bottom line. Unfortunately, a Buick dealership used the tragedy of a two-month-old infant to advertise its cars last week on Weibo – Micro blog. And Hyundai Motor followed suit.
On March 4, an SUV was stolen with the infant left inside alone in the northeastern city of Changchun. The news spread widely on Weibo after the baby’s father called the local police and radio station for help. The next day it was revealed that the infant was choked to death and buried in snow by the thief. The online community expressed its deeply felt sympathy and condolences.
The Buick dealership posted a photo of the baby and two of its cars on its official Weibo account to advertise its GPS system that can locate the stolen car. “A few thoughts on the Changchun stolen car and baby incident: when buying a car it’s entirely OK to choose a brand with advanced technology,” said the post. Though the post was made before tragic fate of the infant was known, the action generated a storm of outrage on Weibo. Some online commentators said it is “marketing at the cost of lives” and “extremely despicable.”
Worse was the post on Hyundai’s official Weibo account that advertised the anti – theft system on its new SUV Santa Fe, an entry made after the child was known to have died. The action also enraged micro bloggers.
Both posts were soon deleted. The Buick dealership made an apology on Weibo to the family of the victim and the public. But screenshots saved by users continued to be posted and the negative impact on both brands persists.
The two brands probably didn’t expect such a firestorm of fury from the Internet community, but they really made a big mistake sinking below the moral bottom line. They certainly ruined their own brand images.
The Chinese have the same proverb as the English language – a little leak will sink a great ship. It takes decades to build the great ship of a respectable brand but it can take just a moment of negligence to make it fail completely.
For those in corporate marketing, two lessons should be learned: first, be careful in the era of social media when one wrong can be easily magnified and have disastrous impacts in just a few clicks.
Second and more importantly, think with your brain and heart. Never break the moral bonds of respect for human life and sympathy for our fellow man.
小题1:Who is to blame for the tragedy of Changchun infant according to the passage?| A．The baby’s father | B．Buick and Hyundai dealership | | C．Weibo | D．Not clear |
小题2:Which of the following statements is correct?| A．The missing infant was found alive in the stolen car. | | B．Micro blog marketing of tragic infant death fuels firestorm of criticism. | | C．People can’t see the two posts any more because they were deleted. | | D．The two car brands mentioned in the passage spoiled their own reputation by selling the stolen car. |
小题3:What does the underlined word – “despicable” in paragraph 4 mean?| A．Immoral | B．Important | C．Distinguished | D．Considerable |
小题4:The reason why Hyundai’s post was worse than Buick’s is that _________.| A．Hyundai dealership didn’t make an apology on Weibo | | B．Buick dealership expressed its deeply sympathy and condolences | | C．Hyundai’s post was made after people knew the infant had died | | D．Buick’s car was more advanced on its GPS system |
小题5:In the last paragraph, the author encourages people _____________.| A．not to sink below the moral bottom line | | B．not to sympathize our fellow man | | C．to think twice before making decision | | D．to magnify the mistakes people make |
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阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上(请注意问题后的词数要求)。
[1] Weeks after his wife died, Rao Pingru started to paint pictures of her. From the first time he saw her putting on makeup in a mirror, to their wedding at which they promised “to love and cherish”, to her lying in bed on her final days – all the images of their nearly 60 – year marriage have been food for his art.
[2] “ When I create her with brushstrokes, she is there, and our story doesn’t perish,(死亡)” said Rao, 91, a retired military man and former editor. He has filled 18 albums of drawings in the past four years, which he called Our Story.
[3] At first, the Jiangxi native was only trying to pass time and leave something so his grandchildren could “know about their grandparents” who have been through war, poverty, sickness and, perhaps most importantly, love.
[4] Rao met Meitang as a blind date when he came back from war in 1946. “ It’s a strange thing. You just have to meet the right person to have that feeling,” he said, thinking of how lovely she was. During their early dates, Rao _________________ “the three words”. Instead, he sang a pop song of the time, Rosemary, I love you, to express his feelings, on a park bench in Nanchang, Jiangxi province.
[5] The first two years of their marriage was “ the sweetest time” of Rao’s life, as he recalled, in spite of the turbulence following the war. The couple adopted a happy – go – lucky policy wherever they traveled, worked and lived. They managed to escape robbery by hiding their possessions in tires while Rao was working in Guizhou province.
小题1:What is the main idea of the passage? (no more than 12 words)
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小题2:What does the underlined word “ food”(Para 1) refer to? (no more than 9 words)
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小题3:Why did Rao begin his drawings? (no more than 16 words)
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小题4:Please fill in the blank (Para 4)with proper words to complete the sentence. (no more than 5 words)
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小题5:What is Rao and his wife’s attitude towards life? (no more than 4words)
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阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡相应的位置上（请注意问题后的词数要求）。
[1] Twenty-seven outstanding individuals and organizations have been selected from more than-200 nominations (提名) as finalists for the 2012 National Disability Awards for their valuable contribution to improving the lives of people with disability in Australia. The National Disability Awards, now in their sixth year, celebrate the remarkable achievements of people with disability and those who support them to create a more inclusive (包容的) and diverse society.
[2] The Minister for Disability Reform, Jenny Macklin, and the Parliamentary Secretary for Disabilities and Carers, Jan McLucas, announced the finalists across the nine award categories.
[3] The finalists are made up of individuals, support organizations and national companies. Their achievements include improving Community accessibility and employment opportunities for people with disability, promoting the rights of people with disability and advocating (提倡) a National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS).
[4] This year"s awards come at an exciting time for People with disability, their families and carers, as the Gillard Government invests $1 billion in the first stage of an NDIS, which will be launched from the middle of 2013. More man 20,000 people with significant and permanent disability in five locations __________, receiving a care and support package that is individually adapted to their needs and having decision-making power about their care and support. Important to the success of an NDIS will be the continued commitment of all Australian governments to the National Disability Strategy, which is a framework (机制) to include disability in policies, programs, services and infrastructure (基础设施) across all areas of the community.
[5] The National Disability Awards form part of the Australian Government"s celebration of International Day of People with Disability, which occurs annually on 3rd December and which this year celebrates its 20th anniversary.
小题1:Why have twenty-seven individuals and organizations been selected as finalists for the 2012 National Disability Awards? (no more than 15 words)
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小题2:What are the finalists made up of? (no more than 8 words)
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小题3:Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words. (no more than 5 words)
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小题4:What does the word“them”(Line 5, Paragraph 1) refer to? ( no more than 3 words)
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小题5:What is the passage mainly about? (no more than 8 words)
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