Want to stay away from colds? Put on a happy face.Compared to unhappy people, th
题型：不详难度：来源：
Want to stay away from colds? Put on a happy face.
Compared to unhappy people, those who are cheerful and relaxed are less likely to suffer from colds, according to a new study. It’s possible that being happy helps the body fight illnesses, say the researchers from New York University.
“It seems that positive(积极的) feelings may reduce (减少)the danger of illness,” said the study’s chief researcher Sheldon Cohen.
In an earlier study, Cohen found that people who were cheerful and lively caught coughs and colds less often. People who showed feelings were also less likely to tell their doctors that they felt ill.
In this study, Cohen’s interviewed 193 adults every day for two weeks. During the interviews, the people told researchers about were given colds by doctors and had to stay alone in a room for six days.
The results showed that everyone in the study was equally(相等地) likely to get ill. Buy for people who said they felt happy during the research period, their illness are less serious and lasted for a shorter time.
Cohen believes that when people experience positive feelings, their body may produce a chemical that helps fight illness and disease. So if you are worried abut your health, look on the bright side more often.
小题1: What did the study find?| A．People who felt happy never got ill. | | B．People’s feelings didn’t influence their health. | | C．People with good feelings became ill more easily. | | D．People with positive feelings had less serious illnesses. |
小题2:According to Cohen, which of the following may help fight illness?| A．Eating. | B．Crying. | C．Laughing. | D．Sleeping. |
小题3:This passage is a/an .| A．advertisement | B．newspaper report | | C．story | D．scientist’s diary |
小题4:What is the best title for this passage?| A．Smiles can fight colds | | B．Cause of colds found | | C．The danger of colds | | D．How people get sick |
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答案
小题1:D
小题2:C
小题3:B
小题4:A |
解析
试题分析：本文通过纽约大学的研究发现报导了乐观的情绪可以帮助战胜疾病。比起那些闷闷不乐的人，乐观的，轻松的人更不容易患感冒，而且患病持续的时间会更短。
小题1:细节理解题，由文中第六段But for people who said they felt happy during the research period, their illness are less serious and lasted for a shorter time.理解可知选答案D
小题2:理解推断题，由第二段It"s possible that being happy helps the body fight illnesses,可知laughing 帮助战胜疾病。
小题3:理解推断题，观察文章的结构和写作手法可以看出本文是一则新闻报道。
小题4:主旨大意题，通读全文理解可知本文主要讲述乐观的情绪可以战胜疾病，故选A
点评：本文通过纽约大学的研究发现报导了乐观的情绪可以帮助战胜疾病。新闻文体由标题、导语、正文三部分组成。导语通常为文章首段，提供主要话题以及事实，是新闻的高潮和结论；而正文为了使主题更加详实、具体，在导语的基础上，引入更多的与主题相关的事实，并展开评论，进而得出结论，所论述的事件也按照重要性递减排序。 |
举一反三
Zhang Lili, a 29-year-old middle school teacher at the No 19 middle school in the city of Jiamusi in Northeast China’s Heilongjiang province was crossing the road just outside the school’s gate when a school bus suddenly came rushing toward nearby students at 8:38 pm on May 8, 2012.
“There were three buses at the school gate ready to pick up students, but the one in the back suddenly crashed into the second bus and pushed it into the first one. There were several students standing between the first and the second buses and they were about to be crushed,” said Liu Ye, a student of No.19 middle school.
“We were waiting to board the bus when suddenly it began moving toward the teachers and students. Zhang Lili immediately pushed the students out of the way, but unfortunately she didn"t escape. The bus crushed her legs.” added Liu.
Zhang Lili was sent to hospital at about 9 pm and she was critically injured and her blood pressure was low. The situation was quite serious when rushed to hospital.
After consulting specialists, the doctors decided that the only way to save her life was cut off both of her legs.
Upon learning about the accident, the deputy mayor of the city, Sun Zhe, asked the hospital to “save the young teacher regardless of the cost”
“If necessary, we will invite more specialists from the capital city, even from the whole nation,” said Sun.
Fortunately, after 58 hours of emergency medical attention after being transferred to the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Zhang finally regained consciousness on May 15.
“But it cannot be ruled out that her condition may worsen, and the doctors are still working full out to save the heroic teacher,” said Zhao Mingyan, ICU director at the hospital, where Zhang is now receiving treatment. “Her courage moved all of our staff, and we will try our best to help the brave teacher in her future life.” said Wang Jianwei, the director of center.
The Ministry of Education has also named her “National Outstanding Teacher” and called on the country’s educators to learn from her.
小题1:What does the underlined word “it” in the third paragraph refers to ________.| A．the bus in the back | B．the bus in the middle | | C．the bus in the front | D．the third bus |
小题2:What can be inferred from the remark of the deputy Mayor Sun Zhe?| A．Every possible means is being carried out to save the brave teacher. | | B．It’s increasingly difficult to save the brave teacher. | | C．The only way to save the brave teacher is to cut off her legs. | | D．No more experts will be needed in the operation to save the brave teacher. |
小题3:What does the underlined sentence in the ninth paragraph attempt to tell us?| A．The woman teacher’s condition will definitely get worse. | | B．It is obvious that the woman teacher will recover shortly after. | | C．There is little possibility that the woman teacher’s condition will improve. | | D．It’s likely that the teacher will suffer from a worse medical condition. |
小题4:Which of the following might be the best title for this passage?| A．National Outstanding Teacher | B．A Heroic Teacher | | C．An Example of Top Teachers | D．An bus accident |
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XUE Bai, a 21-year-old university student, hopes to volunteer for Beijing"s 2008 Olympics. "I want to do something for the Olympics. It is also a kind of learning for me," said the fourth-year student at Beijing Foreign Studies University. Now it is time for Xue to act on her plan. The Beijing Organizing Committee for the Games of the 2008 Olympiad will start to recruit(招募)volunteers on August 28.
The Olympics will need around 70,000 volunteers and the Paralympic Games(残疾人奥运会) will need another 30,000. University students like Xue will make up the majority of the volunteers. But the Olympics also need other volunteers - ordinary citizens and foreigners, for example. Students in Beijing should apply through their universities. Other volunteers may apply online or submit a written application. The online application system and a hotline will be open next Monday. For applicants outside Beijing, the application process begins in December. There is plenty of work for volunteers to do. For example, there will be chances to help publicize the games over the next two years. During the games themselves, volunteers will clean, serve food, marshal(礼仪引导)or offer language help.
The Sydney Olympics in 2000 was the first that placed special emphasis on the role of volunteers. It used more than 45,000 volunteers in different roles. In the 2004 Athens Olympics, around 45,000 volunteers were used. More than 70,000 volunteers will be needed for the Olympic games and Paralympic Games in 2012, the London Olympic Organizing Committee has said.
小题1:Xue Bai is willing to be a volunteer for the Beijing Olympics for the purpose of_____.| A．watching live Olympic matches | B．learning more | | C．meeting his favorite sports stars | D．making money |
小题2:It is estimated that volunteers for Beijing"s 2008 Olympics are mainly _____.| A．ordinary citizens | B．foreigners | | C．university students | D．applicants outside Beijing |
小题3:Volunteers have played an very important role in Olympics since_____.| A．the 1996 Atlanta Olympics | B．the 2000 Sydney Olympics | | C．the 2004 Athens Olympics | D．the 2008 Beijing Olympics |
小题4:The passage mainly tells us______.| A．the history of volunteers in Olympics. | | B．hat volunteers will do in the 2008 Olympics. | | C．who can apply to be volunteers for Beijing Olympics. | | D．volunteers for the 2008 Olympics are wanted. |
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According to a recent report, some once-hot majors like English, Computer and Law for Chinese students entering college have now fallen out of favor. The reason is that more graduates studying in those fields end up 1 .
This year, a sample of 500,000 college 2 from 2009 were surveyed and 220,000 questionnaires were received back for the 2010 report. Among the 3
majors, Law graduates had the most difficulty finding jobs, with the 4
unemployment rate(比率) of 17.7% of all the majors in 2009. English majors had the highest 5 of the unemployed for three years, with 15,700 graduates still out of work.
“Such majors as Computer, English and Law were the most 6 ones for Beijing students entering universities in 2005, but now these graduates are in a tight corner,” said Ba ran, a senior counselor（顾问）at a well-known company. Ba said that the expansion（扩大）of college enrollment（注册）for those hot majors five years ago has 7 an over-supply in the market, making it harder for those graduates to find jobs.
On the other side, engineering graduates majoring in Geological Engineering, Ship and Marine Engineering are 8 most in the job market. Engineering majors are more practical in professional skills and work experience, which are favored by many 9 . The graduates are thus armed with a competitive 10 in the cruel job market.
The report 11 a system should be set up against majors with a high risk of 12 . Undergraduates studying Law or English are encouraged to change their 13 or obtain a second degree. For some colleges and provinces with 14 employment rates, the report advised a（n） 15 in enrollment numbers or even a temporary (暂时的) stop in enrolling students.
| 小题1: | | A．useless | B．jobless | C．reliable | D．grateful |
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| 小题2: | | A．partner | B．graduates | C．professors | D．guidance |
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| 小题3: | | A．unpromising | B．favorable | C．generous | D．educated |
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| 小题4: | | A．quickest | B．slowest | C．highest | D．lowest |
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| 小题5: | | A．rate | B．number | C．problem | D．supply |
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| 小题6: | | A．famous | B．risky | C．practical | D．popular |
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| 小题7: | | A．received | B．encouraged | C．stopped | D．caused |
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| 小题8: | | A．ignored | B．enrolled | C．favored | D．surveyed |
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| 小题9: | | A．employers | B．professors | C．reporters | D．researchers |
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| 小题10: | | A．situation | B．advantage | C．skill | D．major |
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| 小题11: | | A．ignored | B．devoted | C．suggested | D．questioned |
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| 小题12: | | A．insurance | B．disaster | C．over-supply | D．unemployment |
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| 小题13: | | A．favors | B．jobs | C．majors | D．schools |
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| 小题14: | | A．low | B．high | C．rising | D．falling |
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| 小题15: | | A．end | B．remove | C．cut | D．increase |
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Today, as in every other day of the year, more than 3,000 US adolescents (少年) will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults.During their lifetime, it can be __1__ that of these 3,000 about 23 will be murdered, 30 will die in traffic __2__， and nearly 750 will be killed by a smokingrelated disease.The number of deaths __3__ by cigarette smoking outweigh all other factors, whether __4__ or involuntary, as a cause of death.Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors __5__ 30%, smoking rates among __6__ have declined.While the decline is impressive, several important issues must be __7__.First, in the past several years, smoking rates among youth have __8__ very little.Second, in the late 1970s, smoking among __9__ high school seniors exceeded(超过) that among female by nearly 10%.The statistic is reversing.Third, several recent studies have __10__ that high school dropouts(辍学者)have excessively __11__ smoking rate, as much as 75%.Finally, though significant declines in adolescent smoking have __12__ in the past decade, no definite __13__ for the decline to exist.Within this context, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) began its current __14__ to take the most effective measures to __15__ smoking level among youth.
| 小题1: | | A．inferred | B．believed | C．expected | D．hoped |
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| 小题2: | | A．peaks | B．accidents | C．problems | D．jams |
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| 小题3: | | A．damaged | B．caused | C．led | D．made |
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| 小题4: | | A．happy | B．healthy | C．voluntary | D．crazy |
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| 小题5: | | A．had | B．totaled | C．got | D．reached |
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| 小题6: | | A．youth | B．students | C．girls | D．boys |
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| 小题7: | | A．raised | B．lifted | C．asked | D．questioned |
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| 小题8: | | A．grown | B．changed | C．risen | D．declined |
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| 小题9: | | A．old | B．male | C．young | D．female |
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| 小题10: | | A．insisted | B．indicated | C．denied | D．wondered |
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| 小题11: | | A．large | B．small | C．high | D．low |
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| 小题12: | | A．sunk | B．set | C．produced | D．occurred |
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| 小题13: | | A．reasons | B．causes | C．ways | D．results |
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| 小题14: | | A．survey | B．study | C．figure | D．effort |
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| 小题15: | | A．stop | B．reduce | C．forbid | D．limit |
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The British usually expect one or two snowfalls each year but the amount of snow rarely affects everyday life. However, this week Britain has had the worst snow it has seen in around 18 years. Some places had more than 30cm in a day.
The bad weather caused severe disruption. More than 3000 schools had to close as teachers and pupils were unable to get to school. School children weren’t too unhappy about it though as they headed out to play the snow, building snowmen, having snowball fights, sledging and some even snowboarding and skiing.
In London, bus services were withdrawn for a day and tubes and trains were cancelled. Major motorways in the country had to close. Many people were unable to get to work and it is thought the cost of this lost labor is around &1 billion (10 billion yuan) to businesses and the economy.
Anyone who wanted to leave the country had problems too. Runways were closed at all the UK’s major airports because of the amount of snow. Hundreds of flights were cancelled leaving some passengers stranded at airports.
So why is the UK so ill-prepared for snow? The mayor of London, Boris Johnson, explained that there aren’t enough snow –ploughs（铲雪机）and gritters（撒沙机）and it doesn’t make sense to buy such equipment when it snows so infrequently.
The south-east of England was the hardest hit at the beginning of the week but the snow is now moving northwards where the chaos continues.
More ice and snow is forecast throughout the week and the advice from travel and weather organizations is to stay indoors unless you really need to venture out!
小题1: Which of the following facts is FALSE according to the passage?| A．More than 3000 schools had to close for the heavy snow. | | B．Major motorways in the country had to close for the bad weather. | | C．Runways were closed at all the UK’s major airports for the amount of snow. | | D．The government organized to clear the snow away with snow-ploughs and gritters. |
小题2: What does the underlined phrase venture out probably mean in last paragraph?| A．go out | B．search out | | C．take no risks | D．stay indoors |
小题3: What can we learn from the passage?| A．School children seemed happy to head out to play in the snow though schools had to close. | | B．The cost of the lost labor reached around 10 billion yuan to businesses and the economy. | | C．Hundreds of flights couldn’t land because the runways were closed at major British airports. | | D．Tubes and trains in London were cancelled, but drivers were still driving in main motorways. |
小题4:What can we infer from the passage?| A．The heavy snow is what the British have been expecting for 18 years. | | B．The heavy snow has been a very rare heavy one in the UK for 18 years. | | C．The heavy snow doesn"t please school children at all. | | D．The government isn’t ill-prepared for snow. |
小题5:Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?| A．Harsh Winters Visit Britain | | B．Heavy Snow Hits the UK | | C．Bad Weather Causes Chaos Just in London | | D．Heavy Snow Causes Disruption Only in Motorways |
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