Motorists over the age of 75 face compulsory tests of their eyesight and ability
题型：不详难度：来源：
Motorists over the age of 75 face compulsory tests of their eyesight and ability to drive under proposals being considered by ministers．
The biggest overhaul of motoring law in a generation could also lead to all drivers having to give assurances（保证） of their fitness to get behind the wheel every 10 years．
Other changes under consideration include issuing（发放） daylight driving licenses for motorists with night blindness, together with stricter checks on all drivers whose medical condition brought a threat to other road users．
It is understood that the proposals will be part of a review of the law governing the medical fitness of drivers that will be announced publicly by the summer．
The Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency is dealing with a rising number of motorists who are concerned that they have conditions---from failing eyesight to epilepsy---that could affect their driving．
In 2006, the DVLA dealt with 600,000 motorists whose physical ability to drive needed to be recertified（重新认证）, a 20 per cent rise on the previous year． With an ageing population, the biggest challenge is dealing with the rising number of elderly motorists． By 2021, there will be an estimated three million drivers over the age of 70 on Britain’s roads．
Drivers must renew their licenses at the age of 70 and every three years thereafter． The applicant is legally required to tell the DVLA of any conditions that could weaken their ability behind the wheel．
Ministers have ruled out a compulsory maximum age for driving but will instead rely on tightening up the checks on motorists over the age of 75． The most likely option would be tests to ensure motorists were fit to drive． They would include an eyesight test and a cognitive（认知） test that would prove a driver’s ability to react to road signs, driving conditions, pedestrians and vehicles．
However, checks are likely to be tightened at all ages． The strictest controls are expected to be imposed（强制） on motorists of any age who have had a heart attack or stroke． They could have to produce a doctor’s approval to resume（重新得到） driving． Anyone making a false declaration would be guilty of a criminal offence．
小题1: Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?| A．The new motoring law will come into effect by the summer． | | B．Drivers over the age of 75 must renew their licenses every three years． | | C．Doctors will decide whether one can get their driving licenses． | | D．Drivers at all ages will be expected to provide their medical condition． |
小题2:What is the biggest challenge to the traffic safety in Britain according to the writer?| A．Ageing population． | | B．Increasing number of cars． | | C．Increasing number of elderly motorists． | | D．Driving conditions． |
小题3: The underlined word “overhaul” in Paragraph 2 means _______． | A．change | B．consideration | C．concern | D．challenge |
小题4:What can be learned from the passage?| A．There will be more and more aged drivers in Britain． | | B．Anyone can get a driving license as long as he/she is in good health． | | C．Health tends to decline as one gets old． | | D．It will be guilty to make a false declaration． |
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答案
小题1:D
小题1:C
小题1:A
小题1:C |
解析
小题1:细节题:从文章第二段的句子:The biggest overhaul of motoring law in a generation could also lead to all drivers having to give assurances（保证） of their fitness to get behind the wheel every 10 years．说明每10年,所有的司机都要证明他们的健康状况.选D
小题1:细节题:从第三段的句子:With an ageing population, the biggest challenge is dealing with the rising number of elderly motorists．C
小题1:猜词题:从第五段的句子:Other changes under consideration…说明这个单词是“改变”。选A
小题1:推理题:从文章看老年的司机要强制检测视力等健康问题,说明随着年龄的变化,人的健康是会衰退的.选C. |
举一反三
In November of 2007, NBC Universal launched its first official Green Week． Throughout the week, NBC Universal presented over 150 hours of environmentally themed content across multiple platforms．
Now, NBC Universal is proud to present Green Week 2009． With a new theme and message of "Green Your Routine," Here at NBC and NB C．com we celebrate our talent in the "The More You Know" PSA campaign, presenting green-themed tips in several of our daytime life, among several other features here on the "Green Your Routine" site．
Fashion & Beauty
Throw a clothes swap party! Dying for that sweater your friend wore the other day? Well, maybe she’ll trade for that old T-shirt you have． Here’s a website that helps you organize a swap party （www．swapstyle．com）, or just plan your own!
Go natural with organic make-up． Applying unnatural products directly on your skin wasn’t exactly what nature intended． Try switching to a line of organic make-up and cosmetics for a different way to bring out your natural beauty．
Home
Drop a brick in your toilet tank! Literally! According to the EPA, flushing（冲洗）makes up 30 percent of a household’s water use （about three to six gallons per flush）． By placing a brick in your toilet tank, you can help to conserve the amount of water used during each flush．
Work
Print smarter． Printing and copying can be one of the most costly operations in any office． To save on ink and paper costs, print double-sided and try to fit more than one page on a sheet． More printing tips can be found here: lifehacker．com
Turn off your computer． Do you leave your computer on overnight? If so, you’re using up a good amount of electricity． When you can, try turning off your computer and the power strip it’s connected to． If you can’t, at least shut off your monitor．
Transportation
Organize a carpool． There are many benefits to carpooling（拼车）． You save on gas, reduce wear and tear on your car, and you get to ride in the HOV lanes． Get connected with your neighbors and co-workers to start sharing rides and check out this website for more tips: www．erideshare．com．
Lose the car, get a bike． If you live close to where you work, try taking a bike instead of driving． You’ll keep in shape and save on gas!
Every small step and effort makes a difference! Be sure to GREEN YOUR ROUTINE!
小题1: NBC Universal holds Green Week activities ___________．| A．in a university | B．in a park | | C．in an office | D．on the internet |
小题2: This year, Green Week welcomes ____________．| A．advice on how to improve the website | | B．suggestions about how to make their activities more interesting | | C．tips on what to do to make our life greener | | D．opinions on whether we should have campaigns |
小题3:If you want to carpool with somebody, you can find more advice and information at______．
A． www．swapstyle．com
B． www．erideshare．com
C． www． lifehacker．com
D． www． NBC．com
小题4:Which is NOT recommended by Green Week this year?| A．Using things like cucumbers to beautify your skin． | | B．Reducing the room of your toilet tank to save water when flushing． | | C．Giving away your old clothes to those in need of them． | | D．Printing and using computers in an economical way． |
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A man accused of failing to return more than 700 children’s books to five different libraries in the county was released from prison after a book publisher agreed to post his bond (保释金) of $1,000. The publisher said, “There’s a story here. This is a man who loves books. He just can’t let go of them. He hasn’t stolen a single book. So what’s the crime? We think that Mr Barush has a story to tell. We plan to publish his story.”
When asked why he didn’t return the books, Mr Barush said, “Well, how could I? They became family to me. I was afraid to return them, because I knew that kids or dogs would get hold of these books and chew them up, throw them around, tear the pages, spill soda on them, get jam and jelly on them, and drown them in the toilet.”
He continued, “Books are people, too! They talk to you, they take care of you, and they enrich you with wisdom, humor and love. A book is a guest in my home. How could I kick it out? I repaired torn pages. I dusted them with a soft clean cloth. I turned their pages so they could breathe and get some fresh air.”
“Every week I reorganized them on their shelves so they could meet new friends. My books were HAPPY books. You could tell just by looking at them. Now they’re all back in the library, on the lower shelves, on the floors, at the mercy of all those runny-nosed kids. I can hear them calling me! I need to rescue them. Excuse me. I have to go now.”
小题1:Why was the man put into prison?| A．Because the book publisher persuaded the police to do so. | | B．Because he stole 700 children’s books from the five different libraries. | | C．Because he refused to return the books that he had borrowed. | | D．Because he wanted to publish his story. |
小题2:How did the man treat books?| A．He treated them as real people. | | B．He treated them as his own children. | | C．He treated them as his furniture. | | D．He treated them as his job. |
小题3:From the passage we can learn that the man is _____.| A．a thief | B．a writer | C．crazy about books | D．unfortunate |
小题4:What is mainly talked about in this passage?| A．A funny thief who loves stealing books. | | B．A person who refuses to return borrowed books and wants to look after them. | | C．A person who is crazy about books so he keeps stealing them from the library. | | D．A person who may have some mental problems. |
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Washington: A research conducted at the University of Maryland looks at the numerous complex reasons as to why young children decide to include or exclude (排斥) other kids from their group of friends.
It suggests that the kids’ decision-making process is much more complex than previously believed.
"They take into account group information, ranging from cliques (小圈子) and networks, when deciding what makes a group work well. Sometimes kids are excluded because they lack social skills, but a lot of time it has nothing to do with that. Instead it has to do with what we refer to as ’group membership’ such as gender, race, nation, and culture," says Professor Melanie Killen, the Associate Director of the Centre for Children Relationships and Culture at Maryland, who led the 4-year project.
Reporting their findings in the journal, the researcher said whatever was the reason, individuals who experienced long-term exclusion (排斥) from the group of friends suffered from depression, anxiety and loneliness.
The study looked at two models to define how children make decisions regarding acceptance of other kids in their group -- the individual social deficit model and the inter-group social cognition (认同) model. While the former says that children’s rejection occurs due to social deficits like shyness, wariness or fearfulness, the latter says that it happens because of group dynamics, prejudice and exclusion.
It was also found that the age of children was also a factor that influenced their decisions regarding other kids’ acceptance as friends.
"With age, kids become more aware of group dynamics, conventions, customs, and rituals. With this comes a greater concern about group functioning, which can lead to exclusion which can be negative from a social justice viewpoint," says Killen.
The researcher believes that her study may have many benefits, as it could provide insights into how to help when children are rejected by their peers.
小题1:While making friends, kids think more about the following EXCEPT ______.| A．social skills | B．culture | C．race | D．gender |
小题2:The underlined word "deficit" in Paragraph 5 may mean “_______”.| A．skill | B．relationship | C．weakness | D．experience |
小题3:One of the major purposes of the research is to _______.| A．tell the reader how to tell inclusion from exclusion | | B．remind children to be careful while making friends | | C．seek ways to help kids excluded by their peers | | D．stop the children belonging to the inter-group social cognition model |
小题4:While making friends, children exclude those of social deficit model to _______.| A．keep their groups purer | | B．make their groups more socially powerful | | C．refuse other customs and cultures | | D．prove their groups to be strict |
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The interview had been going on for about 20 minutes and everything seems to be going well．Then, suddenly, the interviewer asks an unexpected question, "Which is more important, law or love?"
Job applicants in the west increasingly find themselves asked strange questions like this．And the signs are that this is beginning to happen in China．
Employers want people skilled, enthusiastic and devoted．So these are the qualities that any reasonably intelligent job applicants will try to show no matter what his or her actual feelings are．In response, employers are increasingly using questions which try and show the applicant’s true personality．
The question in the first paragraph comes from a test called Kiersey Personality Sorter．It is an attempt to discover how people solve problems, rather than what they know．This is often called aptitude （能力） testing．
According to Mark Baldwin of Alliance many job applicants in China are finding this type of questions difficult. When a Chinese person fills out an aptitude test he or she will think there is a right answer and they may fail because they try to guess what the examiner wants to see．
This is sometimes called the prisoner’s dilemma （窘境）．Applicants are trying to act cleverly in their own interest．But they fail because they don’t understand what the interviewer is looking for．Remember that in an aptitude test, the correct answer is always the honest answer．
小题1:The writer wrote the passage to ____．| A．give you a piece of advice on a job interview． | | B．tell you how to meet a job interviewer | | C．describe the aptitude test． | | D．advice you how to find a job |
小题2:Why do the interviewers ask such questions?| A．they want to discover what the interviewees know． | | B．they are curious about the answers． | | C．they try to discover the ability of the interviewees’ solving problems． | | D．they just ask questions without thinking much． |
小题3:According to the writer, in an aptitude testing, Chinese job applicants should___．| A．not tell the truth | | B．learn to tell what they really think | | C．be more enthusiastic | | D．try to find out what the examiner really want to know |
小题4:From the passage we know that____．| A．job applicants are always asked such questions | | B．more Chinese applicants fail to find a job | | C．applicants should not act as reasonably as a prisoner | | D．aptitude testing is becoming popular worldwide |
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We can stay young forever. That is the message Dr. Shen Ziyin wants to give the world. And the Chinese doctor claims that he has found an answer to the problems of aging.
His solution is a herbal medicine to slow the process of aging.
Dr. Shen Ziyin has been trained in Western medicine. At the same time he studied traditional Chinese medicine. And, he has been working for the past forty years to put together the best of both and find a cure for aging. He has taken a hint from the ancient Chinese medicine system called “shen”.
According to Shen, it is the kidney（肾脏）which adjusts the functioning of the body as well as its aging process. It is responsible for the level of activity that the human bodies go through. Studies conducted by Dr. Shen show that herbal medicine based on the shen system slow the aging process, says a report in The Telegraph newspaper.
We notice that when people grow old, they have reduced strength, loss of hair, backache, weakness in general, and wrinkles, among others. This happens because when people grow old, their bodies produce T-cells. These T-cells contain a particular substance called Fas. Fas makes the cells in the body destruct themselves.
So the only way to slow down aging is to slow the production of T-cells in the body. This can happen if people eat low calorie food. Then the body is not active enough to produce extra T-cells. But, is going hungry all the time a good price to pay for staying young?
This is where Dr. Shen’s herbal medicine comes in. But how effective it will be, only time can tell.
小题1:How did Dr. Shen find the solution to the problem of aging?| A．By studying Western medicine. | | B．By learning traditional Chinese medicine. | | C．By combining both Western and Chinese medicine. | | D．By doing research on both Western and Chinese people. |
小题2:What plays the most important role in keeping people young according to Shen?| A．Medical treatment. | B．People’s good kidney. | | C．Level of people’s activity. | D．Positive life attitude. |
小题3:The reason why people become old is that _________.| A．their bodies produce T-cells | | B．their bodies are unable to fight diseases | | C．they have reduced strength, loss of hair | | D．they become weaker and weaker |
小题4:We can probably learn from the passage that _________.| A．producing more low calorie food allows people to keep young | | B．the more Chinese herbal medicine people drink, the better for health | | C．people should try to quicken the production of T-cells in the body | | D．it remains unknown how effective Dr. Shen’s herbal medicine is |
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